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关键词： 分离技术   科技进步奖   工程   MTO   科技进步二等奖   中国石油   化学工业   甲醇制烯烃  

摘要： 惠生工程（中国）有限公司（简称＂惠生工程＂）为主研发的＂甲醇制烯烃分离技术开发和工程应用＂科研成果,2017年12月11日,在2017年度中国石油和化学工业联合会科学技术奖授奖大会上荣获中国石油和化学工业联合会颁发的科技进步二等奖。

关键词： 管养分离   工程   维修   养护  

摘要： 水利工程是国民经济发展的重要基础设施,加强水利工程维修养护,确保工程的运行安全,延长水利工程的使用寿命,充分发挥水利工程的经济和社会效益,是水利管理工作的重要任务。文章从水利工程管理体制改革实行"管养分离"后,在水利工程维修、养护实践中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了加强水利工程养护工作的建议。

关键词： 分离工程   教学改革   教学实践  

摘要： 《化工分离工程》是高等职业院校化工类专业的一门重要专业核心课。通过在教学过程中教学内容的调整、课程标准的修订、教学方法和多媒体课件应用等方面进行改革,改善教学效果和强化学生工程能力的培养。

关键词： 化工分离工程   案例教学   案例库  

摘要： 化工分离案例教学法是一种贴合实际的教学法,本文论述了在《化工分离工程》课程中实施案例教学的必要性,阐述了课程案例库建设中应该注意的问题,并用了具体的案例来说明了我们组织案例教学的过程。

关键词： 生物分离工程   网络课程建设   体会  

摘要： 随着网络技术的发展与普及,网络课程建设已成为现代教育的新趋势。本文针对生物分离工程课堂教学中存在的问题,提出了生物分离工程网络课程的建设思路、建设方法和维护措施,总结了生物分离工程网络课程建设的几点体会,以期为其他网络课程的建设提供参考。

关键词： 分离膜   表面工程   界面聚合   微滤   超滤   纳滤   有机-无机复合   薄层复合  

摘要： 聚合物分离膜材料的表界面工程主要着眼点在于:运用表面改性和功能化方法提高传统聚合物分离膜材料的服役性能,赋予其表面不同于本体的结构特征,建立构筑聚合物分离膜材料表面选择性分离层的新途径,阐明膜表面结构与性能之间的关系,实现聚合物分离膜材料的高品质化与多功能化.本文就聚丙烯微滤膜的仿生修饰与仿生矿化以及薄层复合纳滤膜选择性皮层的"可控"构造择要进行了总结和再思考.所介绍的仿生修饰与仿生矿化方法同样可被用于其它聚合物乃至无机分离膜的表面改性与功能化,基于贻贝仿生化学的聚多巴胺及其系列共沉积涂层可用作薄层复合膜的选择性皮层,或用于界面聚合薄层复合膜的中间层,在一定程度上调控界面聚合,获得一类超薄选择性皮层的高通量水处理纳滤膜.

关键词： silver mesh   wettability   UV-induced   smart surface   oil/water separation  

摘要： BACKGROUNDRecently, some smart superwetting materials with switchable wettability have attracted great interest due to their ability to controllably separate oil/water mixtures. However, the fabrication of most smart materials requires complex procedures and precious chemical reagents for surface modification, limiting large-scale engineering applications of the fabricated smart surface. RESULTSIn this study, a silver surface was prepared by extremely simple displacement deposition on copper mesh. The silver-coated mesh exhibits superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity after heating treatment, which allows oil to permeate while blocking water. Interestingly, the heated silver-coated mesh gains superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties after UV irradiation, which allows water to permeate but prevents oil. As a consequence, the as-fabricated mesh is capable of achieving two completely different oil/water separation processes. In addition, the silver-coated mesh shows excellent environmental stability under a series of harsh conditions. CONCLUSIONA novel smart engineering material with UV-induced switchable wettability was successfully fabricated. In view of the rapid and simple fabrication approach, it is envisaged that this work will provide a promising prospect of large-scale production in smart oil/water separation materials. (c) 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

关键词： Ethanol production   Cyanobacteria   Anabaena   Heterocyst   Spatial separation  

摘要： Cyanobacteria, which perform oxygenic photosynthesis, have drawn attention as hosts for the direct production of biofuels and commodity chemicals from CO2 and H2O using light energy. Although cyanobacteria capable of producing diverse chemicals have been generated by metabolic engineering, anaerobic non-photosynthetic culture conditions are often necessary for their production. In this study, we conducted cell type-specific metabolic engineering of the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, which forms a terminally differentiated cell called a heterocyst with a semi-regular spacing of 10-15 cells. Because heterocysts are specialized cells for nitrogen fixation, the intracellular oxygen level of heterocysts is maintained very low even when adjacent cells perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Pyruvate decarboxylase of Zymomonas mobilis and alcohol dehydrogenase of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 were exclusively expressed in heterocysts. Ethanol production was concomitant with nitrogen fixation in genetically engineered Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Engineering of carbon metabolism in heterocysts improved ethanol production, and strain ET14, with an extra copy of the invB gene expressed from a heterocyst-specific promoter, produced 130.9 mg L-1 of ethanol after 9 days. ET14 produced 1681.9 mg L-1 of ethanol by increasing the CO2 supply. Ethanol production per heterocyst cell was approximately threefold higher than that per cell of unicellular cyanobacterium. This study demonstrates the potential of heterocysts for anaerobic production of biofuels and commodity chemicals under oxygenic photosynthetic conditions.

关键词： Approximation   Mathematical methods   Cluster chemistry   Lattices   Molecules  

摘要： Discrete modeling is a concept to establish thermodynamics on Shannon entropy expressed by variables that characterize discrete states of individual molecules in terms of their interacting neighbors in a mixture. To apply this method to condensed-phase lattice fluids, this paper further develops an approach proposed by Vinograd which features discrete Markov-chains for the sequential lattice construction and rigorous use of Shannon information as thermodynamic entropy, providing an in-depth discussion of the modeling concept evolved. The development comprises (1) improved accuracy compared to Monte Carlo data and (2) an extension from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional simple lattice. The resulting model outperforms the quasi-chemical approximation proposed by Guggenheim, a frequently used reference model for the simple case of spherical molecules with uniform energetic surface properties. To illustrate its potential as a starting point for developing g(E)-models in chemical engineering applications, the proposed modeling methodology is extended, using the example of a simple approach for dicelike lattice molecules with multiple interaction sites on their surfaces, to address more realistic substances. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations shows the model's capability to distinguish between isomeric configurations, which is a promising basis for future g(E)-model development in view of activity coefficients for liquid mixtures.

关键词： 制药工程   制药分离技术   萃取技术  

摘要： 制药工程是集化学、药学和工程学为一体的重要技术,是保障广大人民群众身体健康的重要基础,制药分离技术是获得高纯度药剂和提高药品质量的有效手段,在很大程度上影响着制药工程行业的发展。基于此,本文将探讨制药工程中的制药分离技术,旨在为相关技术人员提供有益参考。