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关键词： TESTOSTERONE   HYDROCORTISONE   PREGNANT women   MENTAL health   STRESS (Psychology)   AGGRESSION (Psychology)  

摘要： Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) has been associated with postnatal behavioral alterations that may be partly explained by interactions between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes. Yet it remains unclear whether PNMS leads to enduring HPA-HPG alterations in the offspring, and whether HPA-HPG interactions can impact behavior during development, in particular levels of aggression in childhood. Here we investigated the relationship between a marker for HPG axis function (baseline testosterone) and a marker for HPA axis response (cortisol area under the curve) in 111/2-year-olds whose mothers were exposed to the 1998 Quebec ice storm during pregnancy (n = 59 children;31 boys, 28 girls). We examined (a) whether the degree of objective or subjective PNMS regulates the testosterone-cortisol relationship at age 111/2, and (b) whether this testosterone-cortisol relationship is associated with differences in aggressive behavior. We found that, at lower levels of subjective PNMS, baseline testosterone and cortisol reactivity were positively correlated;in contrast, there was no relationship between these hormones at higher levels of subjective PNMS. Cortisol response moderated the relationship between testosterone and aggression. These results support the notion PNMS may explain variance in fetal HPA-HPG interactions, and that these interactions may be associated with aggressive behavior in late childhood.

关键词： Metal-organic Frameworks   Zeolites   Membranes   Mixed-matrix Membranes   Gas Separation  

摘要： In the past decades, gas separation using polymeric membranes has received considerable attention and become one of the fastest growing research areas. However, existing polymeric membranes may not be able to keep up with the increasing separation needs for challenging gas mixtures such as N-2/CH4 and light olefin/paraffin pairs on industrial scale due to their so-called permeability-selectivity bound. On the other hand, scaling-up issues poise huge challenges for highly permeable and highly selective inorganic membranes. Mixed-matrix membranes, composite membranes, provide an evolutionary solution to debottleneck the permeability-selectivity and scale-up issues currently faced by polymeric and inorganic membranes, respectively. Inorganic fillers in mixed-matrix membranes improve gas permeability and/or selectivity, outperforming polymeric membranes. Combined with relatively economical and simple scaling-up compared to inorganic membranes, mixed-matrix membranes could potentially be a next-generation membrane concept for gas separation applications. This review provides a brief summary on the recent progress in both flat sheet and hollow fiber mixed-matrix membranes with an emphasis on those made over the last five years. A separate section is dedicated to discussing engineering challenges transitioning from laboratory-scale to large-scale synthesis of mixed-matrix membranes. Finally, future prospects and perspectives in mixed-matrix membranes research are briefly outlined.

关键词： 高速公路   分离式隧道   钻爆施工  

摘要： 在高速公路隧道中,主要的作业方式就是分离式。文章立足于真实案例,系统地研究围岩开挖工艺与作业方式,针对分离式隧道在初期支护作业技术与相应的方式展开详细的剖析,为后续作业提供了借鉴。

关键词： 膜分离技术   电镀废水   工程  

摘要： 近年来膜分离工艺在废水处理中得到广泛应用,在电镀废水处理达标排放和回用方面也发挥了重要的价值。鉴于此,本文从MBR、UF/NF/RO膜集成技术两个角度出发,详细介绍了膜工艺在电镀废水处理工程中的应用,希望给电镀废水处理行业借鉴。

关键词： 工程设计招标   评定分离   研究  

摘要： "评定分离"本质上就是由招标人行使定标权利,实现权责统一,切实对项目质量和效益负起责任。它的核心是将评标委员会评标和招标人定标分为既独立又联系的两个环节,评标委员会的评审意见仅作为招标人定标的参考,招标人拥有定标的决策权。评委仅发挥专家的专业水平,就各投标人的投标文件,给招标人提供全面、客观、公正的专业意见,弥补招标人专业知识的不足。具体地讲,就是评标委员会根据招标文件中的评审内容和评审指引,对各投标人的技术、商务标书进行独立评审,对各投标文件是否满足招标文件实质性要求提出意见,指出各投标文件中存在的缺陷、问题以及签订合同前应注意和澄清的事项,并形成书面报告,提交招标人决策定标。招标人或联合项目业主单位组建定标委员会,在评标报告的基础上确定中标人。

关键词： 化工分离工程   课程教学   教学探索  

摘要： 化工分离工程课程作为一门能源化工类核心课程,具有应用性与实践性强、知识点交叉融合等特征,在地方高校向应用型大学转变趋势下的课程教学改革是需要探索的课题。针对化工分离工程课程特点与教学中存在的问题,在课程教学设计、教学方法等方面进行了探讨,提出了优化课程设计、注重案例式与工程化教学、构建虚拟仿真教学平台等教学改革措施,促进从传统知识传授向知识应用与创新能力的培养转变。

关键词： 高等分离过程   案例   分析  

摘要： 《高等分离过程》是化工类学生一门重要的专业课程。本文对该课程中典型案例进行分析,为案例教学法的实施提供相关参考。将思维整体性与实践可行性统一,让学生结合实际的工程案例,锻炼学生的分析能力和实践能力。