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关键词： Environmental purification   Magnetic nanoparticles   Agglomeration   Colloidal stability   Magnetic separation techniques  

摘要： Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) which exhibit magnetic and catalytic bifunctionalities have been widely accepted as one of the most promising nanoagents used in water purification processes. However, due to the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction, MNPs can easily lose their colloidal stability and tend to agglomerate. Thus, it is necessary to enhance their colloidal stability in order to maintain the desired high specific surface area. Meanwhile, in order to successfully utilize MNPs for environmental engineering applications, an effective magnetic separation technology has to be developed. This step is to ensure the MNPs that have been used for pollutant removal can be fully reharvested back. Unfortunately, it was recently highlighted that there exists a conflicting role between colloidal stability and magnetic separability of the MNPs, whereby the more colloidally stable the particle is, the harder for it to be magnetically separated. In other words, attaining a win-win scenario in which the MNPs possess both good colloidal stability and fast magnetic separation rate becomes challenging. Such phenomenon has to be thoroughly understood as the colloidal stability and the magnetic separability of MNPs play a pivotal role on affecting their effective implementation in water purification processes. Accordingly, it is the aim of this paper to provide reviews on (i) the colloidal stability and (ii) the magnetic separation of MNPs, as well as to provide insights on (iii) their conflicting relationship based on recent research findings.

关键词： Zinc ferrite   Electrospinning   Hydrothermal method   Photoanode   Solar cells   Photocatalyst  

摘要： In this study, magnetic Zinc Ferrite (ZnFe2O4)@ TiO2 nanofibers were prepared by low cost and nontoxic route;hydrothermal technique followed by electrospinning process. The prepared magnetic ZnFe2O4@ TiO2 nanofibers were morphologically and structurally analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The prepared magnetic ZnFe2O4@ TiO2 nanofibers were utilized as photoanode for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and presented applicable performance with 4.2% overall conversion efficiency with high short circuit current density (JSC) of 10.16 mA/cm(2). The maximum similar to 42% incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) value was also recorded at 530 nm. In addition, ZnFe2O4@ TiO2 nanofibers were not only possessed the good conversion efficiency, but also shown excellent photocatalytic efficiency with magnetic properties towards the dye remediation. Prepared ZnFe2O4@ TiO2 nanofibers can be considered as a promising material for energy conversion and environmental applications. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 国家重点实验室   华东理工大学   化学工程   化学反应工程   清华大学   天津大学   基础研究   分离工程  

摘要： 化学工程联合国家重点实验室于1987年被批准筹建．1991年建成并正式开放运行。分别由清华大学、天津大学、华东理工大学和浙江大学承担化工分离工程和化学反应工程方面的应用基础研究任务。

关键词： 分离工程   能源化工   教学改革   考核评价   方法改革  

摘要： 以教学方法和考核评价方式为出发点,通过多媒体与板书结合式教学法、案例式实践教学法和引导探讨式教学法进行教学方法的改革与探索,采用考勤表现评价、上台授课表现评价、案例式研究论文考查评价、实践考查评价以及开闭卷相结合考试评价等5方面组成全面综合的考核评价方式,以提升分离工程课程的教学质量,促进学生综合素质的培养与锻炼。

关键词： 环境工程   膜分离技术   应用   研究  

摘要： 在科学技术不断进步下,膜分离技术发生较大的变化,其被逐渐应用至各领域中。合理应用此项技术对提高工作效果有较大的积极影响,在环境工程中表现尤为明显,本文对膜分离技术进行概述,之后对其在环境工程中的具体应用进行研究,以期为环境工程工作人员提供可供参考的建议。

关键词： 中医药院校   生物工程专业   生物分离工程   实验教学   提高教学质量  

摘要： 近年来,生物工程的先进技术与传统中医药的交叉融合,为中医药现代化发展提供了推动力。现代生物工程技术在中医药产品的开发、生产、培育等各个方面均有应用,包括中药生物发酵、中药内生菌的分离、中药基因工程等,然产品的最终获得离不开各种分离纯化技术手段。因此生物分离工程课程的教学效果好坏直接影响下游技术人才的质量。由于生物分离工程课程的知识覆盖范围广,涉及多学科交叉领域,且实践性强,单纯的理论课讲授很难达到教学目的,因此实验教学显得尤为重要。目前中医药院校开设生物分离工程实验课程可参考的经验较少,遇到的问题较多。我们根据本校特色、人才培养目标、学生特点、课程特点等,结合教学实践,从优化课程体系、编写特色教材、改革教学方法入手,对具有中医药背景的生物工程专业本科学生的生物分离工程实验教学进行了有益探索。

关键词： 分离工程   课程   改革   实践能力  

摘要： 化工分离工程是一门培养化工及相关专业学生工程实践能力的重要课程。本文从化工课程体系相互关系、化工分离工程目标与任务、化工分离工程课程发展现状等进行分析与探讨,进而对化工分离工程课程改革细化方案进行初探。提出了课程教学改革的一些创新。采用启发式、互动式、探讨式等开放性教学方式。教学过程中以学生为主体,充分调动学生的学习积极性,在教学过程中引入实践教学内容,用来教学效果良好。

关键词： 高速公路   分离立交   改造工程   施工要点  

摘要： 高速公路作为重要的交通工程建设项目,分离立交改造工程作为其中的一个重要项目,一定要加强施工要点的分析,确保施工项目可以顺利完成。文章就结合具体的工程项目,分析高速公路分离立交改造工程施工工作。

关键词： 国家重点实验室   华东理工大学   化学工程   化学反应工程   清华大学   天津大学   基础研究   分离工程  

摘要： 化学工程联合国家重点实验室于1987年被批准筹建，1991年建成并正式开放运行．分别由清华大学、天津大学、华东理工大学和浙江大学承担化工分离工程和化学反应工程方面的应用基础研究任务。

关键词： cognitive impairments   cross-sectional studies   end-stage kidney disease   Japan   renal dialysis  

摘要： Aim: Evidence for the association between dialysis treatment and cognitive decline is limited. The present study aimed to determine whether dialysis treatment is associated with cognitive decline in adult outpatients of a general hospital in Japan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional substudy of the Project in Sado for Total Etealth (PROST). Total Etealth PROST targeted adult outpatients of a general hospital in Sado City, Niigata, Japan. Among 753 patients (mean age 68.1 11.6 years) analyzed, 66 received dialysis. Cognitive state was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and those with a Mini-Mental State Examination score <24 were considered "cognitively declined." The prevalence of cognitive decline was compared by odds ratios calculated with multiple logistic regression analysis. Variables included in the analyses were dialysis, age, sex and self-reported histories of hypertension, diabetes, stroke and ischemic heart disease. Results: Of the 66 dialysis patients, 24 (36.4%) showed cognitive decline, whereas 172 (25.0%) of 687 non-dialysis patients showed cognitive decline. The age and sex-adjusted odds ratio for cognitive decline in dialysis patients was 2.57 (95% confidence interval 1.43-4.61), relative to non-dialysis patients. The odds ratio remained significant (odds ratio 2.69, 95% confidence interval 1.49-4.88) even after adjusting for all covariates. Conclusion: The prevalence of cognitive decline was high in dialysis patients relative to non-dialysis patients among outpatients of a general hospital in Japan..