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关键词： 化工分离工程   模拟软件   辅助教学  

摘要： 化工分离工程课程涉及很多工程计算。教学实践环节中应加强化工模拟软件的应用,将课堂理论教学与工程实际问题有机结合起来。在模拟软件的辅助下,学生更好地掌握了化工分离工程课程的基本内容,课堂教学收到了很好的效果。

关键词： 疏浚吹填   泥沙分离技术   应用  

摘要： 在国内某大型钢铁基地项目疏浚与吹填工程实践中,工程技术团队针对该项目疏浚和吹填区域地形地质特点和使用需求,按照泥沙分离原则组织开展工程设计和实施,有效降低了项目工期和造地综合成本。本文总结了泥沙分离疏浚吹填技术在该工程应用的技术条件、关键环节、以及实施效果和经验,可为今后类似工程提供借鉴。

关键词： Environmental impact   Emulsion   Surface science   Membrane separation   Membrane materials   Smart surfaces   Super-wettability   Oil-water demulsification  

摘要： Effective separation of various oil-water emulsions using hydrophobic/oleophilic, hydrophilic/oleophobic or amphiphilic materials has gained high research interests. With the ease in handling operations and environmental friendliness, membrane technology remains the most prevalent technique to address the oil/water emulsion problems to achieve efficient separation. The exploitation of membrane-based materials with super wettability, which encompasses the theme of superhydrophobic, superoleophilic, or a combination of both, has become a more vibrant area. Herein, we reviewed smart surfaces with superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic wettability followed by chemical methods for the separation of oil-water mixtures. Various types of membranes are also presented with suitable examples. In summary, this review clarifies the recent developments in the controllable synthesis of material with the proper size, specific compositions, and surface morphology for efficient and effective oil-water separation in a sophisticated manner to avoid environmental issues. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 水处理   环境工程   膜分离技术   应用要点  

摘要： 本文主要以水处理环境工程中膜分离技术的应用研究为重点进行阐述,结合当下水处理环境工程进展现状为依据,首先分析水处理环境工程中膜分离技术基本概述,其次从处理工业废水、处理纯净水、处理苦水与咸水、处理洋水淡化几个方面深入说明并探讨水处理环境工程中膜分离技术的应用要点,最后阐述水处理环境工程中膜分离技术的发展趋势,进一步推动水处理环境工程中膜分离技术的应用运作效率与速度,旨意在为相关研究提供参考资料。

关键词： 膜分离技术   水处理   环境工程  

摘要： 膜分离技术的发展已逐渐成型,技术种类也在不断增加。膜分离技术的应用对水处理环境工程的发展具有积极的推动作用。充分利用膜分离技术的优势,有助于解决水污染问题,对环境工程有所裨益,本文就膜分离技术在环境工程中的应用展开探究。

关键词： Organosilica membrane   Propylene/propane   Pore size control   Affinity control   Gas separation  

摘要： Membrane-based separation techniques are responsible for great advances in the separation of propylene/propane mixtures. In this study, bis(triethoxysilyl)acetylene (BTESA) was selected as the precursor in the fabrication of organosilica membranes for use in propylene/propane separation. We proposed an effective strategy to finely engineer the pore subnano-environment of BTESA membranes for highly selective propylene/propane separation via controlling the calcination temperatures. Measurement of the surface energy, the ²⁹Si-NMR spectra, and the gas sorption isotherms clearly indicated that low-temperature calcined BTESA materials with a greater number of silanol groups showed an enhanced affinity to propylene molecules. BTESA membranes calcined at 150 °C featured a promisingly high C₃H₆/C₃H₈ selectivity of 52 and a C₃H₆ permeance of 1.7 ✕ 10⁻⁸ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹ at 50 °C. These values were approximate to those reported for ZIF-8 membranes and higher than the standards for commercialization. The high level of C₃H₆/C₃H₈ separation performance was believed to be accounted by the synergetic effects of both controlled pore size and enhanced affinity to propylene molecules. Moreover, compared with traditional organosilica membranes that were calcined at ~350 °C, low-temperature calcination (150 °C) for BTESA membranes efficiently reduced the energy consumption and fabrication cost.

关键词： Organometallics  

摘要： Membrane technologies hold great potential for industrial gas separation. Nevertheless, plasticization, a common phenomenon that is responsible for the loss of gas pair selectivity and the decrease of membrane lifespan, is one of the top challenges withholding the deployment of advanced membrane materials in realistic applications. Here, we report a highly generalizable approach, that utilizes PgC(5)Cu, a copper metal-organic nanocapsule (MONC) containing 24 open metal sites (OMSs) as a multi-dentate node to coordinatively crosslink polymers. By adding merely 1-3 wt% of PgC(5)Cu, a wide range of carbonyl group-containing polymers can be effectively crosslinked. Through rigorous dissolution tests, molecular dynamic simulations, and in situ FT-IR spectroscopy, we qualitatively and quantitatively unveiled the coordinative binding nature at the polymer-MONC interface. As a result, we produced a series of composite membranes showing near complete plasticization resistance to CO2, C2H4, and C2H6 under high pressure with no loss of mechanical and gas transport properties.

关键词： 膜分离技术   水处理   环境工程  

摘要： 膜分离技术具有良好的分离效果,操作方便,可以应用在水处理环境工程中。本文首先阐述了膜分离技术的基本原理与分类,然后分析了膜分离技术在水处理环境工程中的应用优势,最后研究了膜分离技术在水处理环境工程中的具体应用。