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关键词： 分离过程   专家系统   过程控制  

摘要： 针对一典型分离装置，提出了一种多级多组分分离过程专家控制方法。该方法包括一个数据库，知识库即规则库，推理机，在苯胺生产脱水塔上应用获得成功。

关键词： 创造性思维能力   培养学生   改进教学方法   学生创造能力   学生创造性思维   分离工程   创造意识   创造性学习   相对挥发度   思维过程  

摘要： 世界科学技术飞速发展,我们已进入了知识总量激增的信息时代,信息时代要求教育要注重培养学生善于独立获取知识和主动探索知识的能力,使学生成为能适应时代的需要,善于将知识转为能力,勇于开拓具有创造能力的人才。在大学分离工程教学中,如何依据创造性思维过程的规律,摸索出培养学生创造性思维的有效途径,以达到培养学生创造能力的目的,我们做了一些教学改革的尝试。一、正确引导。

关键词： 工程图   矢量化   图文分离   点列跟踪  

摘要： 工程图纸通常是由图形和文字符号两部分组成,由于在矢量化中对图形和文字进一步处理的要求不同,故在矢量化之前把工程图中的图形和文字符号区分开来是十分重要的。本文提出了一种工程图矢量化图文分离算法,它能有效地将图形和文字分开。这种算法不仅可以减少多余的数据量,加快后期的线条提取速度,而且可使数据的关系更为清晰明了。分离出来的符号文件保留了其原来在图纸中的位置,为文字符号的识别或重新写入提供了方便。

关键词： 高分子分离膜   膜分离技术   生物工程  

摘要： 介绍了膜分离过程这一分离技术，内容包括膜分离技术的发展史、类型、定义和膜组件、过程的基本概念、在生物工程中的应用以及我国目前的水平和发展动向。

关键词： QUALITATIVE MODEL   SIGNED DIRECTED GRAPH   MODEL REDUCTION   SEPARATION PROCESS  

摘要： Deep-model-based qualitative reasoning provides a systematic framework for describing qualitative physical phenomena. However, as physical systems become more and more complex, the computational load and complexity of qualitative simulation increase dramatically. Multistage separation processes are among the most important unit operations in chemical engineering. An industrial-scale multistage separation process is normally described by some tens or hundreds of quantitative equations. Qualitative reasoning for this type of process is difficult, if not impossible. Since multistage separation processes ave highly structured (e.g. cascaded stages), the concept of model simplification (or model reduction), often seen in the practice of process control, is applied to qualitative modeling. The objective of this work is to simplify the qualitative process model according to the structural properties of the multistage separation processes. The simplified qualitative model can, on the one hand, reduce the computational load in qualitative simulation and, on the other hand, retain the qualitative description of the system. In this work, the simplest qualitative model, the signed directed graph (SDG), is used and the most common multistage separation process, using distillation columns, is studied. Qualitative simulation results show that qualitative-model simplification offers an attractive approach for reasoning about important, practical problems.

关键词： 生化分离工程   生物反应器   分子生物工程  

关键词： 抗菌药/药理学   抗感染药   局部/药理学   细胞膜/化学   集落计数   微生物   电泳/仪器和设备   电泳/方法   评价研究   龙胆紫/药理学   日本   脂多糖类/化学   微生物敏感性试验   沙门菌   鼠伤寒/化学   沙门菌   鼠伤寒/药物作用   沙门菌   鼠伤寒/遗传学   沙门菌   鼠伤寒/超微结构   宇宙飞行/仪器和设备   螺旋霉素/药理学   失重  

摘要： We demonstrated free flow electrophoresis (FFE) of charged cells under microgravity, where gravitational effects are almost eliminated. Separation of a mixture of three bacterial strains (mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT2) by FFE was conducted on NASA Space Shuttle flight STS-47 (September 1992). The experiment was designed to differentiate three strains having different lipopolysaccharide core structures in the cell membrane. The results were compared to those of ground experiments, in order to examine whether or not FFE in a weightless environment provides distinct advantages. Smooth strain SL1027 and rough strain SL3749 migrated to two separated fractions. The quality (viability) and the yields of the separated samples were sufficient to show the advantage of microgravity. Another rough strain, SL1102, exhibited unexpected electrophoretic behavior, which prevented the complete resolution of the three strains. All the strains were recovered as viable cells after 8 days of flight. The present study suggests that electrophoretic separation of bacterial cells is much more effective under microgravity conditions with relatively good resolution in comparison with the ground operation.

关键词： PROTEIN   SEPARATION   PURIFICATION FUSION   PRECIPITATION   ION EXCHANGE   GENETIC ENGINEERING  

摘要： The ability to recover and purify natural and recombinant proteins, and the costs of doing so remain a major task in introducing the potential products of biotechnology. The bases for separation range from specific binding onto tailored reagents to solubility and partitioning behavior governed by a mixed bag of size, charge, and hydrophobicity. In most cases, a combination of methods is used in sequence, and improvements in the selectivity at an early stage can enhance the effectiveness of subsequent (and usually more costly) steps. Genetic engineering provides a means of improving the selectivity within the context of existing separation methods. By this strategy, improvements in selectivity are sought by bestowing a distinctive property on the protein of interest. The primary sequence of amino acids is altered, such that the protein can be selectively removed from other components of the multicomponent mixture in which such products are commonly found. In this article, the range of these ''distinctive properties'' and their pairing with various separation methods will be reviewed. Specific examples from our work, in which a distinctive charge is provided via a polypeptide ''purification'' fusion tail, will be discussed. Separation methods we have used with these fusion proteins are precipitation, two-phase aqueous extraction, reversed micellar extraction, and ion exchange using both resins and membranes.

摘要： A representation of a Fock state ‖n〉 is given by a superposition of n+1 coherent states. These discrete coherent-state superpositions provide experimental possibilities for generating an arbitrary quantum state of a single-mode electromagnetic field.

摘要： Procedure for separating beta-carotene and lycopene from carrots and tomatoes to illustrate the operation and versatility of flash chromatography.