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关键词： (170.6935) Tissue characterization   (170.6510) Spectroscopy   tissue diagnostics  

摘要： In this study the first results on evaluation and assessment of grafted bioengineered skin substitutes using an optical Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) system with a remote optical probe are shown. The proposed system is able to detect early vascularization of skin substitutes expressing the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) protein compared to normal grafts, even though devitalized skin is used to protect the grafts. Given the particularities of the biological problem, data analysis is performed using two Blind Signal Separation (BSS) methods: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). These preliminary results are the first step towards point-of-care diagnostics for skin implants early assessment. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America

关键词： 膜分离技术   水处理环境工程  

摘要： 膜分离技术耐用可靠、分离效果良好,适合用在处理饮用水、工业废水和生活污水等领域中。本文主要介绍几种新型膜分离技术,并探讨其在水处理环境工程中的应用。

关键词： large eddy simulation   detached eddy simulation   design optimization   engineering design  

摘要： In this paper, we try to look into the future to envision how large eddy and detached eddy simulations will be used in the engineering design process about 20-30 years from now. Some key challenges specific to the engineering design process are identified, and some of the critical outstanding problems and promising research directions are discussed.

关键词： 分离介质   高通量   阴离子交换   过程工程   超大孔   分离纯化技术   制备   生物医药  

摘要： 随着人们对生物医药的需求量的日益增长，促进了生物上游技术的发展，同时也对下游的分离纯化技术提出更大的挑战，如何满足快速、高效、高通量的分离纯化的要求，开发高效的分离生化分离介质是一条必经之路。而目前的最常用的以多糖为基质的传统介质，存在孔径小（20～30mm孔径）、机械强度低等问题，在大尺寸生物分子分离过程中，存在传质慢、载量低的问题，限制了其在高通量分离中的应用。

关键词： Grain boundary   Atom probe tomography   Segregation   Phase transformation  

摘要： Grain boundaries influence mechanical, functional, and kinetic properties of metallic alloys. They can be manipulated via solute decoration enabling changes in energy, mobility, structure, and cohesion or even promoting local phase transformation. In the approach which we refer here to as 'segregation engineering' solute decoration is not regarded as an undesired phenomenon but is instead utilized to manipulate specific grain boundary structures, compositions and properties that enable useful material behavior. The underlying thermodynamics follow the adsorption isotherm. Hence, matrix-solute combinations suited for designing interfaces in metallic alloys can be identified by considering four main aspects, namely, the segregation coefficient of the decorating element;its effects on interface cohesion, energy, structure and mobility;its diffusion coefficient;and the free energies of competing bulk phases, precipitate phases or complexions. From a practical perspective, segregation engineering in alloys can be usually realized by a modest diffusion heat treatment, hence, making it available in large scale manufacturing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： thermally induced phase separation   bone graft   porous scaffold   polymer   calcium phosphate(s)  

摘要： Tissue engineering makes use of 3D scaffolds to sustain three-dimensional growth of cells and guide new tissue formation. To meet the multiple requirements for regeneration of biological tissues and organs, a wide range of scaffold fabrication techniques have been developed, aiming to produce porous constructs with the desired pore size range and pore morphology. Among different scaffold fabrication techniques, thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method has been widely used in recent years because of its potential to produce highly porous scaffolds with interconnected pore morphology. The scaffold architecture can be closely controlled by adjusting the process parameters, including polymer type and concentration, solvent composition, quenching temperature and time, coarsening process, and incorporation of inorganic particles. The objective of this review is to provide information pertaining to the effect of these parameters on the architecture and properties of the scaffolds fabricated by the TIPS technique. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Beef   Chuck   Nutrition   Proximate composition  

摘要： This study was designed to provide updated information on the separable components, cooking yields, and proximate composition of retail cuts from the beef chuck. Additionally, the impact the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Quality and Yield Grade may have on such factors was investigated. Ultimately, these data will be used in the USDA - Nutrient Data Laboratory's (NDL) National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference (SR). To represent the current United States beef supply, seventy-two carcasses were selected from six regions of the country based on USDA Yield Grade, USDA Quality Grade, gender, and genetic type. Whole beef chuck primals from selected carcasses were shipped to three university laboratories for subsequent retail cut fabrication, raw and cooked cut dissection, and proximate analyses. The incorporation of these data into the SR will improve dietary education, product labeling, and other applications both domestically and abroad, thus emphasizing the importance of accurate and relevant beef nutrient data. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： 工程能力   化工分离过程   教学改革  

摘要： 针对"卓越工程师培养计划",以提高本科生工程能力的教学改革为目标,通过在《化工分离过程》课程教学中对教学内容的调整、教学时间的合理分配、网络资源开发利用等各方面因素的研究,探讨了提高课堂质量教学中培养、培养化工专业本科生的工程能力的经验。

关键词： 气体吸收   传质单元数   理论板  

摘要： 本文在图解法的基础上,通过分析理论塔板与操作线、平衡线之间的关系,建立了适用于气体吸收、液体精馏及液液萃取过程的传质单元数与理论板数间的对应关系,并利用工业低含量物质传质过程,对此关系式进行验证。与实际比较,结果基本一致,且计算过程简单、快捷,可帮助学生加深对传质过程的认识。