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摘要： The article offers information related to the integration of the patient health questionnaire-2 depression screening tool into the paediatric diabetes clinic. It mentions that depressive symptoms are common among adolescents with type 1 diabetes, with nearly one-quarter demonstrating features of depressed mood. It also mentions that all type 1 diabetes visits at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia follow a workflow embedded in the electronic health record.

关键词： duration   paediatrics-adolescent   paediatrics-infant   sleep   systematic review  

摘要： Short and long sleep patterns in children have been associated with a range of poor health outcomes. However, there is no consensus regarding the definitions of these abnormal sleep parameters in childhood for use in paediatric research. Given that there is a clear lack of definitions for sleep duration throughout paediatric sleep literature, this review aimed to establish recommendations for standard cut-offs of short and long sleep for children aged 1-16years to enable homogeneity in future studies of paediatric sleep duration. Four databases were systematically searched to identify prospective studies that defined short or long sleep patterns in children. Included papers (38) were assessed for methodological quality, and their definitions were extracted to examine the current applied cut-offs in the literature for short or long sleep duration. The definitions were analysed in a regression model to summarize applied cut-offs from subjective data into cut-offs for short and long sleep duration. These models were fitted to reference values of three commonly cited paediatric population studies to establish new definitions of sleep duration for future use in research. Across the age groups there was little consensus in applied cut-offs for short and long sleep duration. This study found the best compromise for short sleep was defined as the 2.5th centile (hours=0.25*age+11) and long sleep as the 97.5th centile (hours=0.017*age(2) - 0.68*age+16) of sleep duration in children. Recommendations for the hourly cut-offs of short and long sleep duration based on these percentiles were described.

关键词： Craniofacial   Neoplasms   PEComa  

摘要： Perivascular epithelioid cell tumours, known as PEComas, are a family of tumours with immunoreactive melanocytic and smooth muscle markers. They are a rare heterogeneous group in adulthood and childhood with primary osseous PEComas representing an even rarer subgroup. The clinical behaviour is not well understood and the treatment options vary. We present an index case of a primary osseous PEComa of the craniofacial skeleton in a 3-year-old girl. Level of evidence: Level V, diagnostic;therapeutic;risk/prognostic study.

关键词： Tracheostomy   Paediatric   Quality of life   HRQoL   QoL   Caregiver  

摘要： Objectives: (1) To better outline quality of life outcomes in paediatric tracheostomy patients and their caregivers. (2) To establish whether quality of life outcomes for children are associated with those of their caregivers. (3) To establish whether quality of life outcomes were associated with the demographic and clinical variables of age, duration of time with a tracheostomy, number of comorbidities, and ventilator dependence. Methods: Cross-sectional methodology was applied to gather quantitative data on quality of life outcomes, through PedsQL written questionnaires. These questionnaires covered social, emotional, physical and role/cognitive functioning. Caregivers also provided information on communication, worries, daily activities and family relationships. All children with a tracheostomy in situ, or recently decannulated, attending Sheffield Children's Hospital during the study period were eligible for inclusion. Results: 25 families wished to participate, with patients ranging from 0.5 to 16.5 years (median 6.25). Both patients and caregivers attained lower scores than many other chronic diseases studied. Mean patient HRQoL was 56.2, with a physical health score of 52.4, psychosocial health score of 61.7. Caregiver HRQoL was 63.8, family functioning score was 68.1 and total family impact score was 61.6. Relative deficits were seen in caregiver social functioning (54.9), communication (56.3), worries (49.1) and daily activities (48.9), whilst role/cognitive functioning (73.8) and family relationships (79.6) subsections produced higher scores. Child psychosocial health showed moderate positive correlation (r = 0.492, p = 0.015) with both caregiver HRQoL and total family impact score. No correlation was identified between quality of life outcomes and demographic or clinical variables. Conclusions: Disease burden appears to be particularly high for children and families with tracheostomies, especially when compared to other serious childhood disease. Lack of

关键词： burning body limbs   month harmony   seasonality   sociocultural situation  

摘要： Studies on the frequency of burned limbs according to season and months are limited. The burning of some body limbs, especially in some months, shows that the causes of burns are different, and knowing the reasons is important for providing preventive measures. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution rate of child burns by months and seasons and to contribute to preventive measures by determining the distribution of the burning of body limbs by months. We retrospectively evaluated 419 paediatric patients (0-17 years of age) who were hospitalised in the burn unit between 1 May 2017 and 1 November 2018. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded according to age, gender, months, and seasons of the patients admitted;cause of burns;degree of burns;total body surface area;and burning regions. The distribution of burns by months was established as being mainly in May to October. As for the distribution of the patients according to the seasons, it was found that it was most common in summer, 122 (29.1%), and in the autumn season as well, it was 122 (29.1%). While body burns increased in the summer-autumn seasons (P < .023), genital area burns were the lowest in winter and were the highest in summer and autumn seasons. Genital site burns increased statistically in September, October, and November (P < .010). Burn traumas are observed to be more frequent in some seasons and months. The environments where individuals live, forms of life, forms of warming, areas of interest, and sociocultural and economic levels are the causes of this variability.

关键词： Medical research   Stem-cell research  

摘要： Collection of an adequate amount of autologous haematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPC) is required for ex vivo manipulation and successful engraftment for certain inherited disorders. Fifty-seven paediatric patients (age 0.5-11.4 years) underwent a bone marrow harvest for the purpose of HSPC gene therapy (GT), including adenosine deaminase-severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) and metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) patients. Total nucleated cells and the percentage and absolute counts of CD34+ cells were calculated at defined steps of the procedure (harvest, CD34+ cell purification, transduction with the gene transfer vector and infusion of the medicinal product). A minimum CD34+ cell dose for infusion was 2 x 10(6)/kg, with an optimal target at 5-10 x 10(6)/kg. Median volume of bone marrow harvested was 34.2 ml/kg (range 14.2-56.6). The number of CD34+ cells collected correlated inversely with weight and age in all patients and particularly in the MLD children group. All patients reached the minimum target dose for infusion: median dose of CD34+ cells/kg infused was 10.3 x 10(6)/kg (3.7-25.9), with no difference among the three groups. Bone marrow harvest of volumes > 30 ml/kg in infants and children with ADA-SCID, WAS and MLD is well tolerated and allows obtaining an adequate dose of a medicinal product for HSPC-GT.

关键词： Biopsy   Oral pathology   Paediatric  

摘要： Purpose: There are very few published epidemiological studies that investigate oral pathology in the paediatric population in an Australian cohort. Methods: The purpose of this study was to analyze data from histopathological specimens received over a period of 23 years at the Institute for Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), and to report on the frequency of oral pathology in the Australian pediatric population. Results obtained from ICPMR, were imported into an electronic database and data such as age, gender and histopathological diagnosis were used to determine the frequency of commonly occurring pathology in children. Results: A total of 935 oral pathology specimens collected from paediatric patients aged 16 and under were included in the analysis. The most common pathology was salivary gland pathology (21.1%), followed by mucosal pathology (15.8%) and miscellaneous pathology (14.9%). The most frequently encountered lesion was the mucocele (19.1%), followed by periapical granuloma (5.9%), dentigerous cyst (5.1%) and the giant cell fibroma (5%). Conclusion: In the paediatric population, oral pathology shows an increasing tendency with age, with the majority of pathology being benign in nature comprising mainly of mucoceles and dental pathology particularly, periapical granuloma's and dentigerous cysts. (C) 2019 Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： editorial difficulties   humour   papers  

摘要： Much is known about resident conditions world-wide and about difficulties to enter into employment, contributing to personal burnout, discouragement, fatigue and lower job satisfaction. This paper presents the condition of an Italian paediatric resident from a different point of view, highlighting editorial difficulties and suggesting humorous strategies to relieve consequent frustration. While a colleague is a master of g data recording, another one writes better than the editors themselves, and the third has got enough of a network to make a multicentre study, or brilliant ideas about a new perspective for a retrospective study. [Extracted from the article]