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关键词： Health-literacy   Social-support   Self-efficacy   Infant-survival practices   Nursing mothers  

摘要： BackgroundDespite concerted global efforts towards achieving infant-survival, infant mortality lingers as a problem in developing countries. Environmental and personal-level factors are assumed to account for this situation. This study was undertaken to provide better understanding of the dynamics of predictors of infant-survival practices among mothers with infants attending paediatric *** cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Data was collected from 386 nursing mothers selected by convenience sampling. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of 38-items including demographic information of respondents, health-literacy counsels received during antenatal care, social-support from significant others, and self-efficacy to carry-out infant-survival instructions. Responses were transformed into rating scales for each variable and data analysis was conducted by linear regression analysis with test of hypotheses at 5% level of *** mean age of respondents was 29.85.8years. Majority (81.6%) were married. Yorubas (83.90%) were predominant. Participants had mean scores of 10.50 +/- 3.83, 10.56 +/- 3.70 and 16.61 +/- 4.56 respectively computed for levels of health-literacy, social-support, and self-efficacy. The dependent variable measured level of infant-survival practices and respondents scored 16.53 +/- 4.71. The study found a significant association among variables. Self-efficacy was the major predictor variable of self-reported infant-survival practices (R=0.466;R-2=0.217;P<0.05).Conclusion We conclude that participants had average levels of health-literacy, social-support, self-efficacy, and infant-survival practices. Healthcare providers should make efforts to empower pregnant women on activities essential for infant-survival. Family members of nursing mothers should as well be knowledgeable about the advantages of supporting them.

关键词： Paediatric power wheelchairs   paediatrics   survey methods   providers' perspectives   providers' practice  

摘要： Aims: To explore and describe current practices in the USA related to the provision of paediatric power wheelchairs (PWCs) from the perspective of professionals involved in recommending, ordering or prescribing a PWC, and to compare and contrast current PWC practices to findings of a 2001 *** and methods: This descriptive study utilized a web-based survey to collect quantitative and qualitative data related to paediatric PWC evaluation activities, recommendations, decision-making considerations and other issues related to the provision of paediatric ***: Both child and non-child related PWC evaluation activities were reported as frequently occurring and important. Recommendations for a child who was evaluated for a PWC but who was not endorsed to receive one included extended PWC practice and determining a child's mobility prognosis. The average age of the youngest child for whom respondents had recommended a PWC was 3 years, 3.56 months. Significant differences between the responses to this 2018 survey and a 2001 survey were found suggesting possible changes in practice pertaining to PWC evaluation activities as well as to recommendations for a child who is not endorsed to receive a ***: Findings of the current survey suggest that barriers exist to a child, especially a younger child, obtaining a *** for RehabilitationFindings of the current (2018) survey suggest that barriers exist to a child obtaining a *** reported that the primary reasons for not recommending a paediatric PWC included cognitive, physical and behavioural *** reported that the primary reasons a paediatric PWC was not obtained for a child who qualified to receive a PWC related to family support, transportation and home *** between responses to 2018 survey and the 2001 survey indicate changes in practice.

关键词： Pediatrics   Maternal and Child Health  

摘要： An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

关键词： 中医儿科学   教学改革   教学方法  

摘要： 中医儿科学教学改革中运用病案式讨论式教学法、比较归纳法、问题式学习教学模式、思维导图法,获取的教学效果良好,可以激发学生自主学习动力,培养学生的发散性思维,促使学生更好更快的理解医学知识,在掌握理论知识的基础上深化实践技能。

关键词： Health information technology   Evaluation   Medication safety   System safety   Paediatrics   Hospitals   Human factors   Qualitative research  

摘要： Background There are serious safety risks associated with chemotherapy, often associated with interdependencies in regimens administered over months or years. Various strategies are used to manage these risks. Computerized provider order entry (CPOE) systems are also implemented to improve medication safety. Little is known regarding the effect of CPOE on how clinicians manage chemotherapy interdependencies and their associated safety strategies. Methods We conducted a multi-method qualitative study in a paediatric hospital. We analysed 827 oncology incidents reported following CPOE implementation and carried out semi-structured interviews with doctors (n = 10), nurses (n = 6), a pharmacist, and oncology CPOE team members (n = 2). Results were interpreted according to safety models (ultra-safe, high-reliability organisations [HROs], or ultra-adaptive). Results Incident reports highlighted two interrelated types of interdependencies: those within organisation of clinical activities and those inherent in chemotherapy regimens. Clinicians reported strategies to address chemotherapy risks and interdependencies. These included rigid rules and 'no go' contexts for treatment to proceed, typical of the ultra-safe model;use of time (e.g. planning only so far ahead) and sensitivity to operations, typical of HROs. We identified three different time horizons in CPOE use in relation to patients' treatments: life-long, the whole regimen, and the 'here and now'. CPOE supported ultra-safe strategies through automation and access to rules/standardisation, but also created difficulties and contributed to incidents. It supported the 'here and now' better than a life-long or whole regimen view of a patient treatment. Sensitivity to operations was essential to anticipate and resolve uncertainties, hazards, CPOE limitations, and mismatches between CPOE processes and workflow in practice. Conclusions Within oncology, CPOE appears to move the 'mix' of risk strategies towards ultra-safe mod

关键词： Checkpoints   Drug screening   Germ cell tumours   Molecular medicine   Translational research  

摘要： Background Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are the most common solid malignancies in young men. Although high cure rates can be achieved, metastases, resistance to cisplatin-based therapy and late toxicities still represent a lethal threat, arguing for the need of new therapeutic options. In this study, we analysed the potential of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors palbociclib and ribociclib (PaRi) as molecular drugs to treat cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive paediatric and adult GCTs. Methods Ten GCT cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant subclones and non-malignant controls, were treated with PaRi and screened for changes in viability (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (XTT) assay), apoptosis rates (flow cytometry, caspase assay), the cell cycle (flow cytometry), the transcriptome (RNA-sequencing, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and on protein level (western blot). Expression profiling was performed on paediatric and adult GCT tissues (expression microarrays, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, 'The Cancer Genome Atlas' database). Results We demonstrate that adult GCTs highly express CDK4, while paediatric GCTs strongly express CDK6 instead. Thus, both GCT types are potentially treatable by PaRi. GCTs presented as highly sensitive towards PaRi, which caused a decrease in viability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Although GCTs mainly arrested in the G1/G0 phase, some embryonal carcinoma cell lines were able to bypass the G1/S checkpoint and progressed to the G2/M phase. We found that upregulation of CDK3 and downregulation of many mitosis regulation factors, like the HAUS genes, might be responsible for bypassing the G1/S checkpoint and termination of mitosis, respectively. We postulate that GCT cells do not tolerate these alterations in the cell cycle and eventually induce apoptosis. Conclusion Our study highlights PaRi as therapeutic options for cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive paediatric and adult GCTs.

关键词： 少儿科学   幻想绘画   创新能力  

摘要： 美术作为一门艺术类学习科目,对学生的想象能力有一定的要求。在小学阶段开展美术课堂,其教学意义不仅在于帮助学生掌握基础的美术知识,还在于通过美术教学来帮助学生提高其核心素养。本文便是由少儿科学幻想绘画教学中,如何培养学生的创新能力入手,并对其提出基本策略。

关键词： 超星学习通   混合式教学   壮医内儿科学  

摘要： 基于超星学习通的线上线下混合式教学在“壮医内儿科学”课程中的应用,探讨如何应用超星学习通App建设优质课堂,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的自主性,突显教学效果,提高教学质量,推进壮医临床课程的建设。

关键词： 科学制作   问题表征   策略支持  

摘要： 在幼儿科学制作活动中,问题解决过程中问题表征的适宜性影响着其对问题的理解、辨别与提出,是问题解决的首要前提。不同幼儿个体在问题表征状态、依据及水平上呈现出一定的差异,具有动态、内隐等特征,教师应注重幼儿问题表征能力的培养,运用多种策略,鼓励幼儿大胆提出问题,提升问题表征的有效性,有利于幼儿形成科学思维,促进幼儿科学制作活动中问题解决能力的发展。

关键词： 中西医结合医院   重点专科建设   中华中医药学会   浙江省中医   医学重点学科   中医儿科学   儿科专业   儿童肺炎  

摘要： 浙江省中西医结合医院儿科创建于1950年,是杭州市乃至全省具有影响力、中西医结合特色明显的小儿专科。其中中医儿科学已列入"十三五"浙江省中医药(中西医结合)重点学科建设计划和"十三五"浙江省中医药(中西医结合)重点专科建设计划。目前是杭州市医学重点学科,杭州市中西医结合学会、杭州市中医药学会儿科专业委员会主任委员单位,中华中医药学会儿童肺炎联盟成员单位。2019年被确定为"浙江省儿童呼吸病中医药防治中心"。