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关键词： Awareness   Campaign   Paediatric rheumatic diseases   WORD Day  

摘要： There is a lack of awareness of paediatric rheumatic diseases (PRDs), among the public, and certain groups of healthcare professionals (HCPs), including general practitioners. To help improve international awareness and understanding of PRDs, World yOung Rheumatic Diseases (WORD) Day was established on 18 March 2019. Its aim was to raise awareness of PRDs and the importance of timely referral plus early diagnosis and access to appropriate treatment and support. A steering committee was established, and an external agency provided digital support. A social media campaign was launched in December 2018 to promote it, and analytics were used to measure its impact. Face-to-face and virtual events took place globally on or around WORD Day 2019, with 34 countries reporting events. Examples included lectures, social gatherings and media appearances. A total of 2585 and 660 individuals followed the official Facebook and Twitter accounts respectively, up until WORD Day. The official #WORDDay2019 hashtag was seen by 533,955 unique accounts on 18 March 2019 alone, with 3.3 million impressions. WORD Day 2019 was the first international campaign focused solely on PRDs. It demonstrated that despite awareness events being often resource-light, they can be implemented across a range of diverse settings. WORD Day has now become an annual global awareness event, facilitated by a growing network of patient, parent and professional community supporters.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation   Pediatric   Gender disparities   Critical care   Infant mortality  

摘要： Background Paediatric resuscitation is rare but potentially associated with maximal lifetime reduction. Notably, several nations experience high infant mortality rates even today. To improve clinical outcomes and promote research, detailed analyses on evolution and current state of research on paediatric resuscitation are necessary. Methods Research on paediatric resuscitation published in-between 1900 and 2019 were searched using Web of Science. Metadata were extracted and analyzed based on the science performance evaluation (SciPE) protocol. Research performance was evaluated regarding quality and quantity over time, including comparisons to adult resuscitation. National research performance was related to population, financial capacities, infant mortality rate, collaborations, and authors' gender. Results Similar to adult resuscitation, research performance on paediatric resuscitation grew exponentially with most original articles being published during the last decade (1106/1896). The absolute number, however, is only 14% compared to adults. The United States dominate global research by contributing the highest number of articles (777), Hirsch-Index (70), and citations (18,863). The most productive collaboration was between the United States and Canada (52). When considering nation's population and gross domestic product (GDP) rate, Norway is leading regarding population per article (62,467), per Hirsch-Index (223,841), per citation (2226), and per GDP (2.3E-04). Regarding publications per infant mortality rate, efforts of India and Brazil are remarkable. Out of the 100 most frequently publishing researchers, 25% were female. Conclusion Research efforts on paediatric resuscitation have increased but remain underrepresented. Specifically, nations with high infant mortality rates should be integrated by collaborations. Additional efforts are required to overcome gender disparities.

关键词： Fasting   Hypoglycaemia   Feeding   Paediatric illnesses  

摘要： Background The presence of low or hypo glycaemia in children upon admission to hospital in low income countries is a marker for poor outcome. Fasting during illness may contribute to low blood glucose and caretakers' feeding practices during childhood illnesses may thus play a role in the development of low or hypo glycaemia. This study aims to describe the caretaker's feeding practices and association of fasting with low or hypo glycaemia in sick children in Malawi. Methods A mixed method approach was used combining quantitative cross-sectional data for children aged 0-17 years admitted to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), a tertiary hospital in Malawi, with qualitative focus group discussions conducted with caretakers of young children who were previously referred to QECH from the five health centres around QECH. Logistic regression was used to analyse the quantitative data and thematic content analysis was conducted for qualitative data analysis. Results Data for 5131 children who were admitted through the hospital's Paediatric Accident and Emergency Department (A&E) were analysed whereof 2.1% presented with hypoglycaemia (< 2.5 mmol/l) and 6.6% with low glycaemia (>= 2.5mmoll/l - < 5 mmol/l). Fasting for more than eight hours was associated with low glycaemia as well as hypoglycaemia with Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) of 2.9 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) of 2.3-3.7) and 4.6, (95% CI 3.0-7.0), respectively. Caretakers demonstrated awareness of the importance of feeding during childhood illness and reported intensified feeding attention to sick children but face feeding challenges when illness becomes severe causing them to seek care at a health facility. Conclusion Results suggests that caretakers understand the importance of feeding during illness and make efforts to intensify feeding a sick child but challenges occur when illness is severe leading to fasting. Fasting among children admitted to hospitals may serve as a marker of severe illness and determine

关键词： 自然环境   幼儿   科学教育  

摘要： 在课程改革的推进下,幼儿科学教育已经从传统的学科教育向现代的科学探究教育转变,其教学策略和教学效果越来越受到人们的关注。在《幼儿园教育指导纲要》就有明确强调幼儿科学的重要性,以及基本的探索活动过程。自然界有着丰富的教学资源,在组织教学活动时应结合其周边自然环境,有计划、合理的制定活动方案与准备材料,在活动中引导幼儿认知自然、探究自然、保卫自然,与大自然进行情感沟通,感受大自然的奇妙变化,培养其思维意识和创新意识。

关键词： 人文思政教育   儿科学   教学改革   医学教育   融合  

摘要： 党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央全面加强对教育工作的领导,坚持“立德树人”的培育方向。党的十九大提出的实施“健康中国”战略,也对医学教育提出了新的要求。专业课任课教师对大学生的思想、行为和成长影响是最大的,加强专业课人文思政教育是十分重要的。儿科学作为临床医学专业的一门必修专业课,必须发挥起人文思政教育的引领作用。探寻儿科学授课内容与人文思政教育的融入切合点,设计合适的人文思政教育实施措施,改革探索教学方法,确保儿科学更好地开展人文思政教育,为培养德才兼备的儿科医学人才提供参考。

关键词： 幼儿园教学   静态知识   幼儿教师   幼儿科学教育   大班幼儿   新课程教学改革   科学探究   解决问题的能力  

摘要： 目前,随着我新课程教学改革是逐步实施,我国新《幼儿教学指导纲要》中明确指出:“幼儿科学教育的价值取向不再是注重静态知识的传递,而是注重幼儿的情感态度和幼儿探究解决问题的能力。”因此,在幼儿园教学中,我们幼儿教师要注重保护幼儿的好奇心,激发幼儿的探究新事物的欲望。在大班幼儿科学教学活动中,我们教师可以给幼儿提供各种观察、操作、实验的机会,引导幼儿注意身边的科学现象,支持和鼓励幼儿多观察、多发现、多质疑,为幼儿进行独立的科学探究,注重培养幼儿的探究能力打下一个良好的基础。

关键词： 中西医结合医院   重点专科建设   浙江省中医   中医儿科学   重大疾病   中医药防治   儿科   呼吸病  

摘要： 浙江省中西医结合医院儿科创建于1950年,是杭州市乃至全省具有影响力、中西医结合特色明显的小儿专科。其中中医儿科学已列入“十三五”浙江省中医药(中西医结合)重点学科建设计划和“十三五”浙江省中医药(中西医结合)重点专科建设计划。

关键词： 《幼科发挥》   万全   调脾胃   中医儿科学  

摘要： 对《幼科发挥》中调脾胃思想进行了探讨,其作者万全提出小儿"脾常不足",认为"调理脾胃者,医中之王道也",指出"调理之法,不专在医,唯调乳母,节饮食,慎医药,使脾胃无伤,则根本常固矣"。其临证喜用丸剂,用药充分体现"中和"之道,值得借鉴。