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关键词： 幼儿   科学探究   精神养成   教学策略  

摘要： 幼儿具有强烈的好奇心,很容易受到外界新鲜事物的吸引,同时他们也天生喜欢对大自然进行探索。随着新课改的不断深入,幼儿教育也对教师提出了新的要求,教师在日常教学中应有意识地帮助幼儿形成科学的探究精神,但是在实际的教学过程中,仍旧存在着一些问题。所以笔者结合自身多年的教学经验,总结出了几点可行的对策,希望以此来培养幼儿形成科学的探究精神。

关键词： 探索兴趣   自主性学习   游戏材料   幼儿科学   体验探究   解决问题的能力   能力递进   科学区域活动  

摘要： 《3—6岁儿童学习与发展指南》(以下简称《指南》)中指出:“幼儿科学学习的核心是激发探索兴趣,体验探究过程,发展初步的探究和解决问题的能力。”班级科学区域是幼儿每天都能接触到的地方,它是以幼儿操作、摆弄、探索为主的自主性学习活动区域,是多样的、充满自主选.择机会的。但是教师对班级科学区域如何投放、更新游戏材料,活动中如何进行有效沟通与支持来发展幼儿科学探宄能力的认知有偏差,结果导致班级科学区域比较冷清,幼儿在活动中会频繁更换游戏材料,幼儿发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的科学探宄能力得不到发展。

关键词： 探究情境   幼儿科学教育   工程素养   思考与对策   儿童个性   英文首字母   数学素养   技术素养  

摘要： STEM是科学(Science)、技术(Technology)、工程(Engineering)与数学(Mathematics)四门学科英文首字母的缩写。STEM课程教学理念的重点在于培养和提升儿童的科学素养、技术素养、工程素养、数学素养,注重跨学科的整合教学,特别是借助于工程设计以及制造活动来解决实际生活中各种真实而有意义的问题。STEM教育不仅仅在于学科知识的传授,更在于支持儿童的自主探究,要求教师创设适宜的科学探究情境,组织开展项目实践活动,以培养和提升儿童的创造性思维,满足儿童个性发展及未来社会对人才的需求。因而,幼儿园在科学教育中融入STEM理念至关重要。

关键词： 泄泻   中医辨证施护   临床症状   家属满意度   儿科学  

摘要： 目的探讨中医辨证施护对泄泻患儿症状改善及家属满意度的影响。方法选择2017年7月—2019年6月收治的80例泄泻患儿,随机分为2组,各40例。对照组给予一般护理,观察组施行中医辨证施护。对比2组患儿干预后临床症状改善情况和家属满意度。结果干预后,观察组大便次数、大便质地、大便质量、主要症状等评分均低于对照组,干预后,观察组服务态度、技术水平、心理支持满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论泄泻患儿实施中医辨证施护效果显著,可改善患儿临床症状,降低疼痛,提高家属满意度,值得临床推广应用。

关键词： Scopus数据库   Elsevier   学术质量   儿科学   显示度   传播力   儿科临床  

摘要： 2020年3月18日接到Elsevier出版集团通知,决定从2020年开始收录《中华实用儿科临床杂志》(Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics)。入选Scopus数据库标志着我刊学术质量和影响力均达到了较高水平,这将使我刊在国际上的显示度、传播力和影响力开启新的篇章。入选Scopus也是一个崭新的起点,在此感谢所有编委、作者、读者对我刊的支持,我刊将继续努力为我国儿科学事业的发展做出更大的贡献。

关键词： 社会性发展   教师知识   专业素养   生本   幼儿科学   内容的选择   微项目   成就感  

摘要： 微项目是我园项目活动研究过程中生发的一个研究点,具有切入点小、持续性和流动性强的特点。其内容的选择基于幼儿的兴趣不断深入,活动设计也是根据幼儿的问题和发现引发,让幼儿有机会顺应自己的兴趣,挖掘崭新的兴趣,以及对一个主题进行深入的探索。这有助于幼儿获得良好的成就感,对其情绪和社会性发展有所帮助。随着微项目构建的常态化以及教师知识经验等专业素养的提升,我园微项目活动内容的选择正逐步向“生本”发展迈进。

关键词： cancer   caregivers   children   education   oncology   parents  

摘要： Objective To assess the impact of a structured educational programme for caregivers of children with cancer on their level of knowledge about the disease and patient's clinical outcome. Methods This prospective, non-randomised, experimental study included caregivers of recently diagnosed children at two hospitals in Chile. Caregivers whose children were treated at the first centre were the structured education programme group (EPG), while the second hospital provided the standard care (SCG). We evaluated caregivers' level of knowledge on days 1, 10 and 90 as well as the children's clinical outcomes over 1 year of treatment. Results A total of 102 caregivers were enrolled between 2014 and 2015. Only the EPG showed a significant increase in knowledge between days 1 and 90. The rate of central venous catheter infections was significantly lower in the EPG versus SCG (7% versus 26%;p = .01). The risk ratio was 0.35 (95% CI = 0.13-0.94), and a log-rank test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = .018). There were also fewer Emergency Department visits in the EPG for fever episodes. Conclusion Providing a structured education to caregivers increased their level of knowledge and improved the clinical outcome of their children during the first year of treatment.

关键词： decision-making   missed nursing care   paediatric nurse   patient care planning  

摘要： Aim To explore influences on nurses' missed care decision-making processes in acute hospital paediatric care. Background Many contemporary studies describe the phenomenon of missed care. It is clear that environment and organizational culture influence the nursing activities;however, what influences their decision-making processes has not been investigated. Method A descriptive qualitative inquiry was performed using semi-structured interviews with paediatric nurses (n = 20) from one Italian paediatric hospital. Findings Thematic analysis revealed four themes: nurses' value system;hospital logistics, structures and resources;prioritization processes;and the informal caregiver's role. Conclusion This paper offers insights into the various factors involved in nurses' decision-making process when contemplating missed care that will be of use to managers when planning care or addressing missed care in the paediatric clinical setting. Implications for Nursing Management Knowledge and awareness of missed care in children's nursing needs greater exploration, especially in relation to what influences nurses' decision-making choices around missed care. Overall, a greater understanding of this will help managers to manage situations effectively and ethically so that missed care does not impact on outcomes for children in health care.