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关键词： Paediatric   Rheumatology   Outcomes  

关键词： 中医儿科学   慕课   继续教育   课程体系   教学改革  

摘要： 中医继续教育是继承发展中医药特色优势的重要举措,是中医药专业技术队伍建设的重要内容。传统中医继续教学模式以定期举办学习班为主。MOOC作为一种新型的大规模开放在线教学模式,在转变教学形式、提高教学质量及促进教育体制改革等方面发挥了重要的作用。本研究基于MOOC理念探讨了在中医儿科学继续教育开展的可行性,讨论了教学设计、课程构建、考核模式、线上讨论等完整的教学模式,通过构建中医儿科学继续教育MOOC模式,建设适于自主学习的信息平台,为更多中医儿科专业技术人员反复学习提供机会。

关键词： 儿科   专业学位硕士研究生   科研能力   新型冠状病毒肺炎  

摘要： 目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎期间儿科学专业学位硕士研究生的科研创新能力及心理健康状况。方法:通过向儿科学专业学位硕士研究生发放调查问卷,进行调查与分析。结果:新型冠状病毒肺炎期间学生虽然不能到临床岗位学习,但居家期间学生通过文献阅读等方式学习,学生的科研创新能力在逐步提升,同时学生的进步离不开导师的督促和关心。调查结果还显示儿科学专业学位硕士研究生的专业思想很稳定,没有受到新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的冲击。结论:儿科学专业学位硕士研究生的科研能力水平不仅跟学生的自主能动性有关,还跟导师的监督和管理有关。

关键词： 思维导图   儿科   学龄期患儿   健康教育  

摘要： 目的 探讨思维导图干预模式对儿科学龄期患儿康复效果的影响.方法 选取2018年10月~2019年9月在我院儿科治疗的98例患儿作为护理对象,采取随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各49例.对照组采取常规护理方法,观察组将思维导图融入到护理工作中.护理后,从患儿医学知识掌握情况评分、护理依从性和护理满意度三方面,比较护理效果.结果 观察组患儿医学知识掌握评分、护理依从性和护理满意度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 思维导图干预模式,有效提高了学龄期患儿的康复效果.

关键词： accelerated CXL   keratoconus progression   paediatric keratoconus   standard cross-linking   transepithelial CXL   vernal keratoconjunctivitis  

摘要： Purpose To compare the efficacy, safety and stability of standard epithelium-off cross-linking (SCXL) versus accelerated epithelium-off cross-linking (ACXL) and transepithelial epithelium-on cross-linking (TCXL) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus (KC) in children. Methods This prospective multicentre controlled trial included 271 eyes (136 children) with grade 1-3 progressive KC who were randomized to undergo SCXL (n = 91, as a control group), ACXL (n = 92) or TCXL (n = 88). Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, subjective refraction, pachymetry, keratometry and corneal topography measurements were recorded preoperatively and 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Results At 1 year, there was no significant difference in uncorrected distance visual acuity, refractive sphere, cylinder, spherical equivalent or Kmax between the ACXL and SCXL groups;however, during year 2, ACXL regressed while SCXL continued to improve. After 2 years, there were significant differences in all visual, refractive and keratometric components between SCXL and both ACXL and TCXL (p < 0.0001) and between ACXL and TCXL (p < 0.0001). KC progressed in 5.4% of patients who had ACXL and 28.4% of those who had TCXL but in none of those who had SCXL. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis was documented in 43.3% of eyes that progressed postoperatively. Conclusion SCXL was more effective for paediatric KC and achieved greater stability than either ACXL or TCXL, and ACXL was superior to TCXL. SCXL also achieved marked improvement in both myopia and spherical equivalent;however, these refractive outcomes were unpredictable and uncontrollable. TCXL had a 28.4% failure rate within 2 years. SCXL is preferable for management of paediatric KC.

关键词： Chronic fatigue syndrome   myalgic encephalopathy (CFS   ME)   Adolescents   Conceptual framework   Health-related quality of life (HRQoL)   Patient-reported outcome measure (PROM)   Qualitative  

摘要： Purpose Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/myalgic encephalopathy (ME) is relatively common in children and is disabling at an important time in their development. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework of paediatric CFS/ME using the patient-perspective to ensure that the content of a new outcome measure includes the outcomes most important to young people. Methods We developed a child-centred interactive card ranking exercise that included health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes identified from a previous review of the literature as well as qualitative work. Adolescents and their parents selected and ranked the outcomes most important to them and discussed each outcome in further detail. Adolescents were purposively sampled from a single specialist paediatric CFS/ME service in England. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, and thematic framework analysis was used to develop the final conceptual framework. Results We interviewed 43 participants in which there are 21 adolescents, 12-17 years of age with mild-moderate CFS/ME and their parents (20 mothers and 2 fathers). 'Symptoms', 'tiredness', 'payback and crashing' and 'activities and hobbies' were ranked most important to improve by both children and parents. Children ranked 'school' higher than parents and parents ranked 'mood' higher than children. A youth- specific CFS/ME conceptual framework of HRQoL was produced that included 4 outcome domains and 11 subdomains: sleep, tiredness, problems concentrating, individual symptoms, fluctuation and payback, daily and general activities, participation in school, leisure and social life, mood, anxiety and self-esteem. Conclusions An interactive card ranking exercise worked well for adolescents aged 12-17 to elicit the most important outcomes to them and explore each domain in further detail. We developed a final conceptual framework of HRQoL that forms the basis of a new paediatric patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) in CFS/ME.