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关键词： 椎间盘退行性变   细胞   病理学   生理学   综述文献  

摘要： 腰背痛为常见病,50%~80%的成年人在一生中出现过腰背痛症状,严重影响患者生活[1]。椎间盘退行性变(IDD)是导致椎间盘源性腰痛的重要原因之一。IDD是指在年龄增长过程中,椎间盘内的髓核组织水分逐渐减少,椎间盘失去正常的弹性和张力,在外界因素(如损伤,劳累等)的作用下,纤维环结构破坏,髓核组织结构发生异常改变。IDD是一个慢性炎性状态,发生退行性变的椎间盘中炎性因子显著升高,基质降解酶活性增高,血管神经长入发生退行性变的椎间盘[2]。

关键词： 法医病理学   损伤和创伤   免疫组织化学   特殊染色   损伤时间推断   并发症   综述  

摘要： 在法医损伤病理学实践中,免疫组织化学及特殊染色技术有助于损伤时间推断和损伤并发症的鉴定,甚至在一些特殊案例(如蛇咬伤、利用胰岛素杀人)的鉴定中也起到重要作用。本文基于文献报道的法医学实践案例,综述免疫组织化学及特殊染色技术在法医损伤病理学实践中的应用及价值。

关键词： Therapy Prescription   Therapy Adherence   At Home Therapy   Big Data Analysis  

摘要： Research Objectives To analyze pattern of prescribed therapy exercises at Shepherd Center; both the top 10 prescribed exercises and the top 10 most adhered to exercises. Design Analysis of all (N=4,363,987) therapy prescriptions for 2020 at Shepherd Center collected via Pt Pal. This study focuses on identifying two groups of exercises (1) top 10 prescribed exercises and (2) top 10 adhered to exercises both overall, as well as within each group at Shepherd Center. Setting Shepherd Center in Atlanta, Georgia. Participants 4,363,987 exercise sessions of patients at Shepherd Center in 2020. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures There are three foci: patient adherence to exercises, number of therapy exercises prescribed by therapist groups, and trends in exercise prescription by therapist group. All three outcomes are generated based on prescriptions via Pt Pal. Results Over half of therapy exercises are prescribed by physical therapists (59.3%, N= 2,587,775) with fewer therapy exercises prescribed by occupational therapists (28.8%, N= 1,258,155) and speech and language pathologists (11.8%, N= 4,362,889). Overall, the exercise adhered to most by patients is ‘Bear Walk’ (93.53%, N = 433) and the most commonly prescribed exercise is ‘VOR x1 Horizontal Gaze Stabilization’ (N = 100,671). For physical therapists, the most adhered to exercise is also ‘Bear Walk’ (93.53%, N = 433) and ‘VOR x1 Horizontal Gaze Stabilization’ is the most commonly prescribed (N = 100,671). For occupational therapists, the exercise with the highest adherence is ‘Wrist Flexion Extension 1’ (92.25%) and most commonly prescribed is ‘Eyes Diagonal Left’ (N = 63,938). For speech and language pathologists, the exercise with the highest adherence is ‘Shaker Exercise (Repetitions)’ (32.87%, N = 143) and the most commonly prescribed exercise is ‘Tongue Hold Exercise (Masaka Maneuver)’ (N=21,845). Conclusions The top exercises prescribed are not the top exercises adhered to by patients. Therapis

关键词： 病理学   课程思政   立德树人  

摘要： 思想政治教育是高等院校人才培养的重要内容。课程思政是指“课程承载思政,思政寓于课程”,是实现立德树人教育目标的重大举措。本课题组从人才培养出发,以专业知识与思政元素自然融合、深度融合、有机融合为关键环节,对病理学课程思政进行初步探索,旨在发挥专业课思政教育优势,培养德智体美劳全面发展的综合型人才。

关键词： 分子病理学   继续教育   病理医师   精准诊断   规范化培训   多学科协作诊疗  

摘要： 分子病理学是精准医疗的基石,在病理精准诊断、辅助指导临床个体化治疗和判断预后等方面具有重要意义。近年来,国内外继续医学教育中均愈发重视对病理住院医师进行规范的、系统的分子病理学培训。文章将结合国内外培养模式及我院经验,从基础及前沿知识相结合的理论教学、技术操作实践训练教学、基于临床案例的分子病理诊断教学等方面,探讨病理住院医师的分子病理学培训,以期培养精准医疗时代所需的病理医师,促进病理学科和临床学科的发展。

关键词： 成釉细胞瘤   局部侵袭性   口腔颌面部肿瘤   临床病理学   CK7   细胞角蛋白   生物学行为   分子层面  

摘要： 成釉细胞瘤属于口腔颌面部肿瘤,具有局部侵袭性的生物学行为[1]。本文探讨成釉细胞瘤局部侵袭性的相关因素,对成釉细胞瘤中AB上细胞角蛋白-7(CK7)、基质金属蛋白酶-12(MMP-12)的表达水平及临床意义进行分析,从分子层面对成釉细胞瘤局部侵袭性机制进行研究,报告如下。

关键词： 乳腺肿瘤   乳腺大汗腺癌   预后   病理学检查  

摘要： 乳腺大汗腺癌(apocrine carcinoma,AC)是一种临床上较为罕见的特殊类型乳腺癌,其发病率占乳腺恶性肿瘤的0.3%~4%^([1])。2003年WHO乳腺肿瘤分类^([2])将AC定义为一种90%以上肿瘤细胞显示大汗腺细胞形态特点和免疫表型的浸润性乳腺癌^([3])。本文报道AC 1例,并结合国内外相关文献探讨该病的临床病理特征、诊断及预后。

关键词： 小脑发育不良性节细胞瘤   Cowden综合征   MRI   病理学  

摘要： 目的探讨小脑发育不良性神经节细胞瘤(LDD)合并Cowden综合征的临床、影像学、组织病理学特征。方法对1例LDD合并Cowden综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并复习相关文献。结果手术中见畸形生长、粗大的小脑沟回样病变结构,将病变部分切除。病理学检查示,小脑分子层过度髓鞘化增厚,颗粒细胞层见节细胞增生;免疫组化结果:胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)胶质纤维背景(+)、GFAP肿瘤细胞(-)。结论LDD常合并有Cowden综合征的表现,具有典型的影像学特征及独特的病理学表现。对于有明显颅内压增高及脑积水的患者须积极手术治疗。应长期随访患者及其家属,进行全身系统检查,以排除Cowden综合征常见恶性肿瘤的发生。

关键词： Azospirillum brasilense   Indole acetic acid   Biogenic silver nano particles   Capping agent   Histopathology  

摘要： An Egyptian rhizobacterium Azospirillum sp. isolated from Sadat city was able to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) up to (30.59 mu g/ml). The isolate was identified biochemically and by 16S rRNA sequencing which showed 99.9% similarity to Azospirillum brasilense. The new isolate has been registered in Genbank with accession number MH179119.1. Extracted IAA was used as reducing or stabilizing agent of sliver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Successful fabrication of biogenic IAA-AgNPs was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) analysis of IAA which showed absorbance peak at 3434.78 cm-1 due to the N-H stretch of primary amines. Highly resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) showed AgNPs coating or capping with IAA in spherical shaped with size ranged from 6.01 to 44.02 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis revealed that Ag+ ions were attached to the surface of IAA-AgNPs particles. HR-TEM examination showed cell wall damage of Citrobacter freundii cells after exposure to IAA-AgNPs leading to cell death. In vivo results showed that C. freundii infection of rats induced significant increase in liver and kidney functions and deleterious histopathological alteration in rat's tissues. However, treatment by extracted IAA and IAA-AgNPs could normalize the biochemical and histopathological alterations occurred in infected rats. This is the first study to prove that IAA extracted from Azospirillum brasilense is a hopeful capping agent for NPs which has potential to protect against pathogenic infections, nontoxic and/or safe on rat's metabolisms.