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关键词： 学术质量   审稿专家   专业对口   专家审稿   编辑   汉语拼音   《中华病理学杂志》   名单  

摘要： 为保证本刊发表文章的学术质量,历年来除本刊编辑委员会委员参与审稿外,编辑部还本着专业对口的原则邀请相关领域专家审稿,特此志谢。名单以汉语拼音排列为序。

关键词： 6p25   3   lymphomatoid papulosis   primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma  

摘要： Background Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative diseases are the second most common group of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, including lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (pcALCL), and borderline cases. These diseases form a spectrum and may show overlapping histopathological, phenotypic, and genetic features. In the 2016 WHO classification, LyP with 6p25.3 rearrangement was introduced as a rare new subtype of LyP and showed distinctive clinicopathological features. The striking biphasic histopathologic pattern presented with larger transformed lymphocytes diffusely infiltrating the dermis and smaller atypical cells infiltrating the epidermis as in pagetoid reticulosis. Methods Herein we report two cases of pcALCL with rearrangement involving the DUSP22-IRF4 locus on 6p25.3 that show the same particular biphasic histopathologic pattern. We review the literature regarding five similar reported cases and discuss the clinical, pathologic immunotype and follow-up features. Results Our findings suggest that the biphasic histopathologic pattern is not a unique characteristic of LyP with 6p25.3 rearrangement. Conclusion Cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative diseases with 6p25.3 rearrangement may have the same biphasic histopathological pattern and favorable prognosis, although a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from LyP to pcALCL and even anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative systemic ALCL with secondary cutaneous involvement may be observed.

摘要： The proportion of men without clinically node negative prostate cancer found to have positive lymph nodes at the time of prostatectomy is increasing over time, with grade groups 4 and 5 disease being the strongest predictors for pathologic node positivity. These findings help to identify patients who are likely to require additional treatments after prostatectomy, including radiation and hormone therapy. Introduction: Managing pathologically node positive (pN+) prostate cancer (PCa) is controversial. We describe temporal patterns and predictors of pN+ PCa in men with initially surgically managed clinically node negative (cN-) PCa. Materials and Methods: This observational retrospective analysis of nonmetastatic, cN- PCa uses the National Cancer Database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify covariates associated with pN+ disease. Cox proportional hazards modeling and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to evaluate survival patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with or without pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). Results: The rates of radical prostatectomy in men with grade group (GG) 4 and GG5 increased from 47.6% to 53.1% and from 42.5% to 49.5%, respectively. The annual rate increased from 2.02% in 2010 to 5.12% in 2017 (P <.001). The annual rates of PLND increased from 54.3% to 71.7%. The most significant predictor of pN+ PCa was ISUP GG4 (odds ratio [OR] 12.5, P <.001) and GG 5 (OR 26.2, P <.001). Rates of pN+ identification increased from 5.5% to 9.4% in men with GG4 and from 13.4% to 19.5% in men with GG5 (P <.001). In GG4 and GG5, patients undergoing PLND had superior survival to those managed without PLND (P <.01). Conclusion: Among patients with cN- PCa, the diagnosis of pN+ PCa has become more common over time. GG4 and GG5 are the strongest independent predictors of pN+ disease. Because incidental pN + results in upstaging these data are useful for informing discussions before radical prostatectomy. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reser

关键词： Immunohistochemistry   Morphogen signalling   Medicine/Public Health   general   Pathology   Laboratory Medicine  

摘要： Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells formed through specific recognition and fusion of mononuclear osteoclast precursors derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Detailed cellular events concerning cell fusion in osteoclast differentiation remain ambiguous. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), actin-based membrane structures, play an important role in intercellular communication between cells. We have previously reported the presence of TNTs in the fusion process of osteoclastogenesis. Here we analyzed morphological details of TNTs using scanning electron microscopy. The osteoclast precursor cell line RAW-D was stimulated to form osteoclast-like cells, and morphological details in the appearance of TNTs were extensively analyzed. Osteoclast-like cells could be classified into three types;early osteoclast precursors, late osteoclast precursors, and multinucleated osteoclast-like cells based on the morphological characteristics. TNTs were frequently observed among these three types of cells. TNTs could be classified into thin, medium, and thick TNTs based on the diameter and length. The shapes of TNTs were dynamically changed from thin to thick. Among them, medium TNTs were often observed between two remote cells, in which side branches attached to the culture substrates and beaded bulge-like structures were often observed. Cell-cell interaction through TNTs contributed to cell migration and rapid transport of information between cells. TNTs were shown to be involved in cell-cell fusion between osteoclast precursors and multinucleated osteoclast-like cells, in which movement of membrane vesicles and nuclei was observed. Formation of TNTs was also confirmed in primary cultures of osteoclasts. Furthermore, we have successfully detected TNTs formed between osteoclasts observed in the bone destruction sites of arthritic rats. Thus, formation of TNTs may be important for the differentiation of osteoclasts both in vitro and in vivo. TNTs could be one target cellular structure for the

关键词： Pathological gambling   Gambling disorder   Comorbidity   Addictions   Follow-up study   Substitute addiction  

摘要： This study investigates the association of comorbid disorders with gambling activity in a longitudinal follow-up study of younger and older adult subjects with DSM-IV pathological gambling (PG). The subjects included 57 younger adults with PG (>= 18/ < 40 years) and 48 older adults with PG (>= 60 years). Subjects were assessed at baseline and every 6 months for a mean (SD) of 31.4 (13.1) months. Comorbidity was assessed using a modification of the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation (LIFE). During follow-up, rates of problem severity were highest for anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and impulse control disorders. Among all subjects with PG, greater severity of depression or posttraumatic stress disorder was associated with increased gambling activity. In older subjects, greater severity of agoraphobia and social phobia were associated with lowered gambling activity. In younger subjects, greater severity of any substance use disorder, an alcohol use disorder, or compulsive computer use were associated with lowered gambling activity. The latter findings provide presumptive evidence for the substitute addiction hypothesis. We conclude that increased severity of several comorbid disorders could serve as triggers for increased gambling or predict lowered gambling activity. On the other hand, certain comorbid disorders could be triggered by increased gambling activity. Knowing these interrelationships is important to gaining a better understanding of PG and its clinical management.

关键词： Breast cancer   Predictive markers   Medicine/Public Health   general   Pathology   Laboratory Medicine  

摘要： High stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are associated with pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Histopathological assessment of sTILs in TNBC biopsies is characterized by substantial interobserver variability, but it is unknown whether this affects its association with pCR. Here, we aimed to investigate the degree of interobserver variability in an international study, and its impact on the relationship between sTILs and pCR. Forty pathologists assessed sTILs as a percentage in digitalized biopsy slides, originating from 41 TNBC patients who were treated with NAC followed by surgery. Pathological response was quantified by the MD Anderson Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) score. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated per pathologist duo and Bland-Altman plots were constructed. The relation between sTILs and pCR or RCB class was investigated. The ICCs ranged from -0.376 to 0.947 (mean: 0.659), indicating substantial interobserver variability. Nevertheless, high sTILs scores were significantly associated with pCR for 36 participants (90%), and with RCB class for eight participants (20%). Post hoc sTILs cutoffs at 20% and 40% resulted in variable associations with pCR. The sTILs in TNBC with RCB-II and RCB-III were intermediate to those of RCB-0 and RCB-I, with lowest sTILs observed in RCB-I. However, the limited number of RCB-I cases precludes any definite conclusions due to lack of power, and this observation therefore requires further investigation. In conclusion, sTILs are a robust marker for pCR at the group level. However, if sTILs are to be used to guide the NAC scheme for individual patients, the observed interobserver variability might substantially affect the chance of obtaining a pCR. Future studies should determine the 'ideal' sTILs threshold, and attempt to fine-tune the patient selection for sTILs-based de-escalation of NAC regimens. At present, there

关键词： anxiety   COVID-19   depression   postpartum   psychopathology   stress  

摘要： Objective To compare the postpartum psychopathological symptoms of women who gave birth before the pandemic with those who gave birth during the pandemic. Methods A total of 212 women participated in the study, of which 96 gave birth before the pandemic and 116 during the pandemic. Psychopathological symptoms, postpartum depression, perceived stress, and resilience were evaluated. Results Women who gave birth during the pandemic had higher scores on somatization, obsessions and compulsions, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and psychoticism. In addition, perceived stress was the common predictor of an increase in these symptoms. Conclusion Postpartum is a complicated period in a woman's life. Many psychological adaptations take place and women may be subject to psychological alterations during this period. In addition, women who gave birth during the COVID-19 crisis may show greater psychological vulnerability, due to the specific situation experienced during the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic may have played a role in the increase in psychopathological symptoms after childbirth. Detecting possible symptoms postpartum plays a crucial role, because it allows intervening and preventing the development of psychopathologies.

关键词： (18)FDG-PET   CT   Thyroid cancer   Thyroid nodule   Diagnosis  

摘要： Purpose The risk of malignancy (ROM) in FDG-avid thyroid incidentalomas varies between studies, which may be contributed by discordance between the anatomical localization depicted on (18)FDG-PET/CT and by histopathological examination. The purpose was to ensure anatomical congruity between the index tumour identified by (18)FDG-PET/CT and the histopathological examination, in order to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) in PET-positive and PET-negative thyroid nodules. Further, preoperative characteristics indicative of thyroid malignancy were identified. Methods Thirty-two patients referred to thyroid surgery were prospectively included. (18)FDG-PET/CT, fine-needle aspiration biopsy and thyroid ultrasonography examination were performed in all participants. The exact anatomical localization of the index nodule was established by histopathological examination to ensure concordance with the (18)FDG-PET/CT finding. Results Forty thyroid nodules were included. Malignancy was identified in 10 of 28 PET-positive nodules and in 1 of 12 PET-negative nodules, resulting in a ROM of 36% and 8%, respectively. A Hurtle cell neoplasm was found in 50% of patients with a benign nodule and a PET-positive scan. One PET-negative nodule represented a papillary microcarcinoma. In PET-positive nodules, hypoechogenicity, irregular margins, and pathological lymph nodes on thyroid ultrasonography were characteristics associated with malignancy. Conclusions In this study-ensuring anatomical congruity between PET-findings and the histopathological examination-the risk of malignancy in PET-positive thyroid nodules was 36%. A low ROM was seen in thyroid nodules without suspicious ultrasonographic findings, independent of the (18)FDG-PET/CT result.

关键词： Microglia   Microglia morphology   Microglia histology   Microglia immunohistochemistry   Microglia markers   Iba1   Human microglia   Microglia histopathology   Microglia phenotype  

摘要： As extremely sensitive immune cells, microglia act as versatile watchdogs of the central nervous system (CNS) that tightly control tissue homeostasis. Therefore, microglial activation is an early and easily detectable hallmark of virtually all neuropsychiatric, neuro-oncological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. The recent introduction of novel high-throughput technologies and several single-cell methodologies as well as advances in epigenetic analyses helped to identify new microglia expression profiles, enhancer-landscapes and local signaling cues that defined diverse previously unappreciated microglia states in the healthy and diseased CNS. Here, we give an overview on the recent developments in the field of microglia biology and provide a practical guide to analyze disease-associated microglia phenotypes in both the murine and human CNS, on several morphological and molecular levels. Finally, technical limitations, potential pitfalls and data misinterpretations are discussed as well.

关键词： Enterococcus faecalis   Ergasilus extensus   farmed grey mullet   Mugil cephalus   Streptococcus agalactiae  

摘要： We studied the ectoparasite, Ergasilus extensus or gill lice in gills from farmed grey mullet, Mugil cephalus. Streptococcus agalactiae and Enterococcus faecalis were also studied and isolated from infected fish. We identified these pathogens using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our analyses revealed high homology percentages with identical sequences in GenBank. Moreover, phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed S. agalactiae and E. faecalis from other close related pathogens. We also used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to investigate cell-mediated immunity in infected fish with this co-infection. Enhanced cell-mediated immunity was observed as a function of increased interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) levels. Histopathological examinations revealed the presence of haemorrhaging and many parts of the parasite near infected gill lamellae. Also, bacteria aggregated as multiple cocci close to areas of parasite attachment, together with eosinophilic granular cell infiltration. Hepatic tissue showed haemorrhaging and melanophore aggregation with vacuolar degeneration observed in hepatocytes.