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关键词： "翻转"式微课   自主学习   医学生物化学   课堂教学  

摘要： 目的探讨"翻转"式微课教学在医学生物化学课程教学中的应用效果。方法选择浙江中医药大学2016级临床医学专业115名学生作为实验组,同步教学的口腔医学专业120名学生作为对照组。教师通过"课前—课堂—课后"连环设计对实验组进行"翻转"式微课教学,对对照组进行传统教学授课。教学结束后,通过自主学习测试和问卷调查对教学效果进行评价。结果"翻转"式微课课堂教学能够提高学生学习效果,增强学生的学习热情,逐步引领他们进入医学生物化学的自主学习中去,提高团队协作能力。结论"翻转课堂"和"微课"的结合对于促进课程教育方式转型、培养医学创新人才具有重要意义。

关键词： 微助教   生物化学   教学改革  

摘要： 微助教辅助生物化学课堂教学具有良好的效果,其明显优势在于快捷的考勤方式,实时的互动平台,方便的过程评价,随时随地的课程复习。微助教的应用可提升同学们的参与感和成就感,也可以促使教师根据反馈情况,及时调整教学进度,改进教学方法,真正做到教学相长。

关键词： 食品生物化学   课程思政   思政元素   专业课程  

摘要： 食品生物化学是食品类的专业基础课。为推进课程思政建设,本课程团队从课程思政定位、理论课程内容、实验教学内容三个方面挖掘相关德育、思政元素,实现专业知识与思政教育的有机融合,增加了教师的育德意识和能力,夯实了学生内在德性和科学素养。通过该课程思政的实践,将思政元素全面融入到课堂教学主渠道中,构建本课程全员全程全方位育人格局。

关键词： Oryza sativa L.   Genotypic variation   Primary metabolism   Amino acids   Phytotoxicity   Selenium  

摘要： Selenium (Se) at low concentration is considered benefit element to plants. The range between optimal and toxic concentration of Se is narrow and varies among plant species. This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic, physiological and biochemical responses of four rice genotypes (BRS Esmeralda, BRSMG Relampago, BRS Bonanca and Bico Ganga) grown hydroponically treated with sodium selenate (1.5 mM L-1). Selenium treated plants showed a dramatically decrease of soluble proteins, chlorophylls, and carotenoids concentration, resulting in the visual symptoms of toxicity characterized as leaf chlorosis and necrosis. Selenium toxicity caused a decrease on shoot and root dry weight of rice plants. Excess Se increased the oxidative stress monitored by the levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation. The enzymatic antioxidant system (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase) increased in response to Se supply. Interestingly, primary metabolism compounds such as sucrose, total sugars, nitrate, ammonia and amino acids increased in Se-treated plants. The increase in these metabolites may indicate a defense mechanism for the osmotic readjustment of rice plants to mitigate the toxicity caused by Se. However, these metabolites were not effective to minimize the damages on phenotypic traits such as leaf chlorosis and reduced shoot and root dry weight in response to excess Se. Increased sugars profile combined with antioxidant enzymes activities can be an effective biomarkers to indicate stress induced by Se in rice plants. This study shows the physiological attributes that must be taken into account for success in the sustainable cultivation of rice in environments containing excess Se.

关键词： MOOC   PBL   融合   创新  

摘要： 文章综述了MOOC(大规模在线开放课程)课程资源平台的优缺点,以及PBL(基于问题导向的学习模式)教学模式在生物化学课程教学领域的应用,并探索将《生物化学》课程中的MOOC平台资源和PBL教学方法进行融合。在MOOC平台学习基础上,选择重点章节进行PBL设计,班级学生随机分成若干小组,进行分组讨论。以讨论代替部分教师课堂讲述,促进学生自主学习和课程知识点的应用能力提升,以期为生物化学教学改革提供新思路。

关键词： Cactus   Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck   Cladodes   Acid phosphatase   Purification   Biochemical characterization  

摘要： Acid phosphatase (ACP) plays an important role in regulating phosphate nutrition in plants. Herein, for the first time, a novel ACP fromOpuntiamegacantha Salm-Dyck cladodeswas purified to homogeneity and biochemically characterized. Specific activity of 8.78U/mgwas obtained with 11.29-fold purification and 15% yield. ACPwas purified as monomer with molecular weight of 44 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE under denaturing and nondenaturing conditions. Optimum pH and temperature for ACP activity was 5.5 and 60 degrees C, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters (E-a, Delta H, Delta G and Delta S) were also determined. ACP activitywas stimulated by Ca2+, strongly inhibited by Cu2+ and Fe3+, and moderately inhibited by Mg2+ and Zn2+. Br-, CN-, F-, I- and N-3(-) weakly inhibited ACP activity, where more than 70% of enzyme activity was remained at 5 mM. In addition, effect of beta-ME, Cys, DTT, EDTA, H2O2, PMSF, SDS and TX-100 on ACP activity was investigated. k(m), V-max, k(cat) and k(cat)/k(m) of ACP for p-NPP were found to be 0.09 mM, 2.75 U/mL, 9.60 s(-1) and 106.67 s(-1) mM(-1), respectively. The biochemical properties of ACP from Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck cladodes provide novel features with other plant ACPs and basic knowledge of ACP in Opuntia species. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 生物化学   课程体系   课程建设   教学模式  

摘要： 本文运用访谈、比较分析等方法,对我国部分高校生物化学课程建设现状进行了调查与分析。调查结果认为:生物化学课程设置要重视实验课程建设,强化医学生实验操作能力的培养;加快生物化学课程教学改革,加大对课程内容的整合,开展"互联网+"等多种形式的生物化学教育教学模式;转变书面考试为综合多元化评价方式,完善形成性和终结性相结合的评价体系,以保证教学质量评估的科学性、客观性与公正性。

关键词： 生物化学课程   停课不停学   网络教学   护理专业  

摘要： 为了共同应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的疫情,探索积极有效的线上教学方式,做到“停课不停学”,文章针对现阶段网络教学中存在的问题,提出了提高护理专业生物化学课程网络教学效果的方法,包括细致进行前期备课、互动讨论式直播授课、增强学习社群感等,多措并举提升网络授课的教学效果,保障教学质量。

关键词： SPOC   教学质量   生物化学  

摘要： 目的:探索利用SPOC教学方法提升生物化学教学质量的途径。方法:以2017、2018年级检验本科为实验组,2015、2016年级检验本科和2017、2018年级影像本科为对照组,实验组采用SPOC教学方法,对照组采用传统式授课。利用考试成绩、问卷调查、成果汇报等方式观察教学效果。结果:采用SPOC教学模式能提高学生的学习成绩,实验组和对照组成绩差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。80%以上的学生认为通过SPOC教学能提高其综合能力。结论:在生物化学的教学过程中,采用SPOC教学方法是提高教学质量和学生素质的有效途径。

关键词： Enzyme   Characterization   Thermal inactivation   Biocatalysis   Protein hydrolysate   Bioactivity  

摘要： Microbial proteases are relevant biocatalysts with diverse applications. Production of protein hydrolysates is recently focused, since they might display biological activities. Therefore, the extracellular protease from Bacillus sp. CL18 was partially purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation (25-50% saturation) and gel filtration chromatography, with a 60.7-fold purification (40,593 U/mg protein) and 21.3% recovery. The partially purified protease (PPP) was characterized as a serine protease, with optimal activity at 51-59 degrees C and pH 7.4-8.8 and low thermal stability. Thermal inactivation followed first-order kinetics. PPP depended on Ca2+ for higher thermal stability, depicted by increases in half-lives (t(1/2)), activation energy (E-a), and free energy (Delta G(#)) for kinetic inactivation. PPP preferentially hydrolyzed casein > soy protein isolate (SPI) >>> keratinous materials. SPI hydrolysis by PPP was further investigated, and the obtained hydrolysates exhibited increased in vitro bioactivities. Hydrolysates displayed antioxidant capacities through the scavenging of synthetic organic radicals and Fe3+-reducing ability. In addition, hydrolysates inhibited the activities of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), suggesting antidiabetic and antihypertensive potentials, respectively. From its biochemical properties, PPP might be used to produce protein hydrolysates with multifunctional bioactivities. Both PPP and SPI hydrolysates can find applications in food biotechnology.