关键词:
MILK proteins
MILK yield
GENETIC polymorphisms
POPULATION genetics
DAIRY products
DAIRY industry
摘要:
In last decades, researches conducted on cow's milk recorded a special dynamic, from a basic identification of milk constituents up to molecular characterization of gene variants involved in milk proteins encoding. Furthermore, various associations between different allelic variants and some parameters of cow's milk quality and quantity were also established. This is an important progress, nowadays being possible to use different allelic variants of milk proteins as genetic markers in the process of animals' selection. This is an economically efficient instrument, both for farmers and milk factories, with results in milk yield and quality increasing. The aim of this paper is to present the chemical composition of cow's milk, the genetic polymorphism of its major proteins and various associations between different allelic variants and milk processability. This work is important, considering the aim of dairy cattle breeding for cost-effective milk obtaining, and the aim of dairy industry for a high efficiency of milk processing.