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关键词： 生物化学与分子生物学   CBL+翻转课堂   教学改革  

摘要： 生物化学与分子生物学在医学教育中是联系基础医学和临床医学的桥梁课程。CBL+翻转课堂教学是以临床问题为基础,学生为主体,教师适时引导的学-教模式的教学方法,有助于培养医学生自主学习能力、交流创新能力及临床思维能力。文章从CBL案例库构建、教学实施、课程评价等方面,探索CBL+翻转课堂在生物化学与分子生物学教学的应用和思考。

关键词： 基础生物化学   肿瘤   临床运用  

摘要： 通过向临床医学生专业学生开设“生物化学与肿瘤”专题课,将专业基础课与临床课程结合,课堂主要采用PBL教学和案例式教学方法,提高学生学习生物化学的兴趣,同时尝试将基础生物化学知识运用于临床,培养学生深度思考问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力。

关键词： 慕课   见面课   生物化学   线上教学  

摘要： 为了遏制新冠肺炎疫情的传播,我们顺应新时代教学改革的潮流,选择在线教学。开展线上教学面临的较大挑战,我们首先要进行线上课程教学理念和策略的更新,在智慧树在线教育公共平台分别建设了生物化学的慕课课堂和见面课课堂,把两个课堂的教学特色和优势互补结合起来,进行融合交互教学,既发挥了教师主导作用,又充分体现学生在学习过程中主体作用;全面提升了师生之间的课堂讨论答疑教学互动,建立良好师生关系;充分调动学生的学习积极性,学生主动学习,培养和提升学生坚持学习的能力,进一步推进线上多元化优质教学模式的教学改革。

关键词： 麦吉尔大学   博士学位   理学学士学位   沙利   奖学金   生物化学   贝勒医学院   维尔诺  

摘要： 安德鲁·沙利(美国,1926-),1977年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者。沙利,1926年11月30日生于波兰维尔诺(今立陶宛维尔纽斯)。第二次世界大战让沙利失去了很多学习机会,直至1946年才中学毕业。为了生活,他只得放弃继续学习的机会,在伦敦一家医院找到一份工作。1952年,他获得加拿大麦吉尔大学的奖学金,得以重返校园。1955年,获麦吉尔大学理学学士学位后,继续攻读生物化学,并开始从事CRF(促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子)的研究。1957年,获生物化学博士学位,随后就职于美国的贝勒医学院。

关键词： OBE理念   生物化学   理论教学   实践教学   多维度教学改革体系  

摘要： 生物化学是生物类相关专业的重要基础课,具有发展迅速、信息量大且理论性和实践性均强等特点,针对教与学过程中普遍存在的学生学习难度大、实验课缺乏整体性、综合性和设计性实验少等问题,笔者在成果导向教育(Outcome-based education,OBE)理念的指导下,从理论教学及实践教学入手,通过引入灵活多样的教学方法、用好在线课程、实施双语教学、加强实践教学环节、改进考核模式等方面,构建了生物化学多维度教学改革体系。实践证明,该教学改革体系能够使学生由"被动学"变"主动学",充分调动了学生的学习积极性、培养了学生的创新能力,在提升高校人才培养质量方面起到了重要作用。

关键词： Mycobacterium marinum   SerB2   Phosphoserine phosphatase   HAD phosphatases   Clofazimine   Harmine derivatives  

摘要： SerB2 is an essential phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP) that has been shown to be involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) immune evasion mechanisms, and a drug target for the development of new antitubercular agents. A highly similar (91.0%) orthologous enzyme exists in the surrogate organism Mycobacterium marinum (Mma) and could have acquired similar properties. By homology modeling, we show that the two PSPs are expected to exhibit almost identical architectures. MmaSerB2 folds into a homodimer formed by two intertwined subunits including two ACT regulatory domains followed by a catalytic core typical of HAD (haloacid dehalogenase) phosphatases. Their in vitro catalytic properties are closely related as MmaSerB2 also depends on Mg2 thorn for the dephosphorylation of its substrate, Ophospho-L-serine (PS), and is most active at neutral pH and temperatures around 40 degrees C. Moreover, an enzyme kinetics study revealed that the enzyme is inhibited by PS as well, but at lower concentrations than MtbSerB2. Substrate inhibition could occur through the binding of PS in the second active site and/ or at the ACT domains interface. Finally, previously described beta-carboline MtbSerB2 inhibitors also decrease the phosphatase activity of MmaSerB2. Altogether, these results provide useful information when *** is used as a model to study immune evasion in tuberculosis. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Age   American flamingo   Biochemistry   Phoenicopterus ruber   Sex  

摘要： American flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber) are commonly kept in zoological collections and are important in research, conservation awareness, and education. Hematology and biochemistry parameters are reported to change with age in many long-lived species. A retrospective analysis of recorded data (147 samples of PCV/TS and plasma biochemistry) from n = 16 (F = 7, M = 9) zoo-kept flamingos (1–16 years) was performed. Blood samples were collected as part of routine annual health evaluation over the course of 11 years. The effect of aging and sex on biochemical analytes in individuals over time was assessed. Most analytes did not differ between sexes. Males had higher TS, and lower sodium, chloride, and ALT concentrations when controlling for age. The only variable with a significant sex × age interaction was ALP, which only changed with age in females. Most analytes did not differ with age. PCV, UN, and Na:K ratio increased, while potassium, ALP, and uric acid concentrations decreased with each year of life. While aging influenced select biomarkers in the current study, the clinical significance has yet to be determined, and further studies including a larger age range are recommended. © 2020, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

关键词： 微信公众平台   生物化学   总评成绩   教学效果  

摘要： 课时的压缩以及课堂填鸭式教学对教师的教学和学生的学习都是极大的考验。基于“互联网+”,发挥智能手机移动终端优势,利用微信公众平台向学习对象推送课堂内容分解知识点,并建立班级学习讨论微信群,充分利用课后的学习资源和时间辅助传统课堂教学。结果表明,该方式有助于克服传统课堂的一些弊端,得到了学生的认可,提高了学生的学习兴趣,帮助学生更好地掌握理论知识,从而明显提高了教学效果。

关键词： 混合式教学   微信平台   翻转课堂   教学模式  

摘要： 适应新工科教育和信息化发展的教学模式创新是高校新工科跨界人才培养,落实国家创新发展战略的必然选择。本研究通过深入分析混合式学习与系统化教学设计理论,提出了基于翻转课堂的混合式教学设计理念,以构建的混合式教学模式为指导,在《生物化学》课程中开展了基于该模式的教学实践,并论证了该教学模式能有效地提高学生学习积极性、自主学习能力和学习绩效。

关键词： Fetal brain   Magnetic resonance spectroscopy   Metabolites   Normative   CRLB   Metabolite trajectory  

摘要： Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) of the fetal brain can be used to study emerging metabolite profiles in the developing brain. Identifying early deviations in brain metabolic profiles in high-risk fetuses may offer important adjunct clinical information to improve surveillance and management during pregnancy. Objective: To investigate the normative trajectory of the fetal brain metabolites during the second half of gestation, and to determine the impact of using different Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB) threshold on metabolite measurements using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Study design: We prospectively enrolled 219 pregnant women with normal fetal ultrasound and biometric measures. We performed a total of 331 fetal H-1-MRS studies with gestational age in the rage of 18-39 weeks with 112 of the enrolled participants scanned twice. All the spectra in this study were acquired on a GE 1.5 T scanner using long echo-time of 144 ms and analyzed in LCModel. Results: We successfully acquired and analyzed fetal H-1-MRS with a success rate of 93%. We observed increases in total NAA, total creatine, total choline, scyllo inositol and total NAA-to-total choline ratio with advancing GA. Our results also showed faster increases in total NAA and total NAA-to-total choline ratio during the third trimester compared to the second trimester. We also observed faster increases in total choline and total NAA in female fetuses. Increasing the Cramer-Rao lower bounds threshold progressively from 100% to 40%-20% increased the mean metabolite concentrations and decreased the number of observations available for analysis. Conclusion: We report serial fetal brain biochemical profiles in a large cohort of health fetuses studied twice in gestation with a high success rate in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. We present normative in-vivo fetal brain metabolite trajectories over a 21-week gestational period which can be used to non-invasively measure and monitor brai