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关键词： boron neutron capture therapy   cancer therapeutics   carbohydrates   glucose transporters   medicinal chemistry   drug delivery  

摘要： Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for cancer is on the rise worldwide due to recent developments of in-hospital neutron accelerators which are expected to revolutionize patient treatments. There is an urgent need for improved boron delivery agents, and herein we have focused on studying the biochemical foundations upon which a successful GLUT1-targeting strategy to BNCT could be based. By combining synthesis and molecular modeling with affinity and cytotoxicity studies, we unravel the mechanisms behind the considerable potential of appropriately designed glucoconjugates as boron delivery agents for BNCT. In addition to addressing the biochemical premises of the approach in detail, we report on a hit glucoconjugate which displays good cytocompatibility, aqueous solubility, high transporter affinity, and, crucially, an exceptional boron delivery capacity in the in vitro assessment thereby pointing toward the significant potential embedded in this approach.

关键词： density-based measurement   magnetic levitation   magnetic properties   quality control  

摘要： All matter has density. The recorded uses of density to characterize matter date back to as early as ca. 250 BC, when Archimedes was believed to have solved "The Puzzle of The King's Crown" using density.([1])Today, measurements of density are used to separate and characterize a range of materials (including cells and organisms), and their chemical and/or physical changes in time and space. This Review describes a density-based technique-magnetic levitation (which we call "MagLev" for simplicity)-developed and used to solve problems in the fields of chemistry, materials science, and biochemistry. MagLev has two principal characteristics-simplicity, and applicability to a wide range of materials-that make it useful for a number of applications (for example, characterization of materials, quality control of manufactured plastic parts, self-assembly of objects in 3D, separation of different types of biological cells, and bioanalyses). Its simplicity and breadth of applications also enable its use in low-resource settings (for example-in economically developing regions-in evaluating water/food quality, and in diagnosing disease).

关键词： Actin cytoskeleton   actin nodule   Arp2   3 complex   collagen   coronin   platelets   thrombin   Triton insoluble pellet  

摘要： Rapid reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to receptor-mediated signaling cascades allows platelets to transition from a discoid shape to a flat spread shape upon adhesion to damaged vessel walls. Coronins are conserved regulators of the actin cytoskeleton turnover but they also participate in signaling events. To gain a better picture of their functions in platelets we have undertaken a biochemical and immunocytochemical investigation with a focus on Coro1. We found that class I coronins Coro1, 2 and 3 are abundant in human and mouse platelets whereas little Coro7 can be detected. Coro1 is mainly cytosolic, but a significant amount associates with membranes in an actin-independent manner and does not translocate from or to the membrane fraction upon exposure to thrombin, collagen or prostacyclin. Coro1 rapidly translocates to the Triton insoluble cytoskeleton upon platelet stimulation with thrombin or collagen. Coro1, 2 and 3 show a diffuse cytoplasmic localization with discontinuous accumulation at the cell cortex and actin nodules of human platelets, where all three coronins colocalize. Our data are consistent with a role of coronins as integrators of extracellular signals with actin remodeling and suggests a high extent of functional overlap among class I coronins in platelets.

关键词： Prostate cancer   TET2   Gene expression   Statistical models   Biochemical recurrence  

摘要： BackgroundEarly treatment of patients at risk for developing aggressive prostate cancer is able to delay metastasis and reduce mortality;as such, up-front identification of these patients is critical. Several risk classification systems, including CAPRA-S, are currently used for disease prognostication. However, high-risk patients identified by these systems can still exhibit wide-ranging disease outcomes, leading to overtreatment of some patients in this *** master methylation regulator TET2 is downregulated in prostate cancer, where its loss is linked to aggressive disease and poor outcome. Using a random forest strategy, we developed a model based on the expression of 38 genes associated with TET2 utilizing 100 radical prostatectomy samples (training cohort) with a 49% biochemical recurrence rate. This 38-gene model was comprised of both upregulated and downregulated TET2-associated genes with a binary outcome, and was further assessed in an independent validation (n=423) dataset for association with biochemical ***38-gene model status was able to correctly identify patients exhibiting recurrence with 81.4% sensitivity in the validation cohort, and added significant prognostic utility to the high-risk CAPRA-S classification group. Patients considered high-risk by CAPRA-S with negative 38-gene model status exhibited no statistically significant difference in time to recurrence from low-risk CAPRA-S patients, indicating that the expression of TET2-associated genes is able to separate truly high-risk cases from those which have a more benign disease *** 38-gene model may hold potential in determining which patients would truly benefit from aggressive treatment course, demonstrating a novel role for genes linked to TET2 in the prognostication of PCa and indicating the importance of TET2 dysregulation among high-risk patient groups.

关键词： 课程思政   教学设计   《医学生物化学》课程  

摘要： 认真做好专业课程的思政教学设计是专业课教师的育人意识由自发提升为自觉的关键一步,也是提升专业课教师实施“课程思政”能力的有效途径。本文从教学目标设计和思政元素的融入策略两个方面分享了本人关于《医学生物化学》课程思政教育的教学设计中的一些思考和探索,以期和各位专业课教师进行交流探讨,提升课程思政教学的能力,努力实现思想价值引领贯穿课程教学全过程。

关键词： 课程思政   思政元素   融入策略   《医学生物化学》课程  

摘要： 课程思政是全面落实立德树人根本任务的重要举措。近日,教育部提出了全面推进高校课程思政建设的要求和指导方案,专业课教师应该充分认识课程思政的重要意义,主动地去探索如何将思政元素有机地融入到专业知识的教学中,更好地实现育人目标。本文以《医学生物化学》课程为例,探讨了不同的视角下课程思政元素的融入策略。

关键词： 翻转课堂   综合设计性实验   生物化学实验  

摘要： 将综合设计性实验方案运用到生物化学实验中,同时将翻转课堂教学模式引入生物化学实验教学中,以综合设计性实验“山药多糖的提取、纯化及酶活条件研究”为例进行翻转课堂的教学设计,分析了课前设计、课中实施和课后反思等内容。综合设计性实验和翻转课堂教学模式的结合充分发挥了学生的主体地位,促进了创新人才的培养。

关键词： 对口援建新疆班   生物化学   教学  

摘要： 生物化学是一门重要的医学基础课程,对口援建新疆高职学生的心理特点和学习方式使得该课程的教学存在较大难度。该文对对口援建新疆定向培养高职护理班教学过程中存在的问题进行分析,并针对问题提出相应的一些生物化学教学对策。

关键词： 高职   食品生物化学   激发   课堂技巧  

摘要： “食品生物化学”是高职食品类专业一门重要的核心基础课程,但因其为多种学科的交叉学科,内容抽象、分子式多、代谢过程复杂等特点给学生的学习造成一定的困扰。结合高职院校学情,充分激发学生的积极性和主动学习能力,从而提升高职院校学生“食品生物化学”课程的教学效果,这也是促进学生学好“食品生物化学”的重要途径。

关键词： Alginate hydrogel   Dual crosslinking   In vivo tissue infiltration   Patterned biophysical properties   Patterned biochemical properties   Tissue engineering  

摘要： Hydrogels with patterned biophysical and biochemical properties have found increasing attention in the biomaterials community. In this work, we explore alginate-based materials with two orthogonal crosslinking mechanisms: the spontaneous Diels-Alder reaction and the ultraviolet light-initiated thiol-ene reaction. Combining these mechanisms in one material and spatially restricting the location of the latter using photomasks, enables the formation of dual-crosslinked hydrogels with patterns in stiffness, biomolecule presentation and degradation, granting local control over cell behavior. Patterns in stiffness are characterized morphologically by confocal microscopy and mechanically by uniaxial compression and microindentation measurement. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts seeded on stiffness-patterned substrates attach preferably and attain a spread morphology on stiff compared to soft regions. Human mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate preferential adipogenic differentiation on soft surfaces and osteogenic differentiation on stiff surfaces. Patterns in biomolecule presentation reveal favored attachment of mouse pre-osteoblasts on stripe regions, where thiolated cell-adhesive biomolecules have been coupled. Patterns in degradation are visualized by microindentation measurement following collagenase exposure. Patterned tissue infiltration into degradable regions on the surface is discernible in n=5/12 samples, when these materials are implanted subcutaneously into the backs of mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that our hydrogel system with patterns in biophysical and biochemical properties enables the study of how environmental cues affect multiple cell behaviors in vitro and could be applied to guide endogenous tissue growth in diverse healing scenarios in vivo. Statement of Significance Hydrogels with patterns in biophysical and biochemical properties have been explored in the biomaterials community in order to spatially control or guide cell behavior. In our