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关键词： 运动生涯   体育训练   体育器材   运动员训练   生物化学方法   锻炼   竞技水平   过度疲劳  

摘要： 现在体育训练越来越呈现科学化、个性化的趋势,人们可以运用体育器材提高运动员训练水平,使其运动成绩稳步增长,但是当运动员成绩达到一定高峰后如果训练不科学,成绩很难再会进步,如果锻炼不当运动员会出现过度疲劳,甚至损伤而终止运动生涯。那么运用生物化学方法对运动员合理锻炼就显得尤为重要了,同时可以依照锻炼的过程设计和运用体育器材提高运动员竞技水平。我们可以借鉴广东高等教育出版社,翁锡全教授撰写的《运动训练生物化学》一书来分析体育器材在设计时要注意的问题,从而可以更有利于运动员的训练及技能的提高。

关键词： 肝疾病,酒精性   肝功能试验   超声检查   综合预防  

摘要： 目的分析酒精依赖患者的肝功能生物化学指标情况。方法选取2017年10月至2019年9月安阳市第七人民医院收治的150例酒精依赖患者作为研究组,择取该院同期健康体检者65例作为对照组。统计并比较两组肝功能生物化学指标[天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)]、血液流变学指标(全血黏度、血浆黏度)及酒精依赖患者肝脏B超情况,以及禁酒前、禁酒1个月后肝功能生物化学指标。结果①研究组AST、GGT、ALT、ALP、DBIL、IBIL及TBIL水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);②研究组全血黏度、血浆黏度水平高于对照组(P<0.05);③150例酒精依赖患者因酒精滥用所致肝脏直接损伤者93例(62.00%);④研究组禁酒1个月后AST、GGT、ALT、ALP、DBIL、IBIL及TBIL水平低于禁酒前(P<0.05)。结论酒精依赖的患者常伴有肝脏代谢功能紊乱及形态学改变,可发生血液高黏滞现象。实施肝功能生物化学指标检测有利于判断肝脏受损程度,禁酒可缓解肝脏病变进展,预防终端慢性肝损害发生。

关键词： 在线教学   生物化学   教学探索  

摘要： 疫情当前,如何应用各种教学平台进行有效的在线教学是教师和学生关注的重要问题。该文在师生互不碰面的情况下,利用超星学习通教学平台,以生物大分子结构与功能篇章为例,介绍平台具体搭建过程,以平时成绩为指挥棒,充分调动学生学习的积极性,保持和学生线上互动,通过作业和考试,督促学生完成学习。

关键词： Struvite   Heavy metal   Crystallizing mode   Adsorbent  

摘要： Struvite crystallization is a chemicophysical process for nitrogen and phosphorus recovery, and its product can be used as a slow-release fertilizer. Heavy metals (mainly Cu and Zn) present in swine wastewater not only affect the crystallization kinetics, but also increase the product's ecological risk and make it inadequate for agricultural applications. However, there is currently little research focusing on heavy metal minimization during struvite recovery. This paper is to develop a cost-effective operation strategy, in which minimum process modification and optimum phosphorus recovery could be achieved. The results indicated that the Cu and Zn co-precipitation was mainly controlled by the chemical reaction rather than adsorption during struvite crystallization, making the pre-removal of heavy metals possible. Increasing the ammonia nitrogen concentration could effectively inhibit the co-precipitation of Cu and Zn. When struvite crystallization was performed in synthetic swine wastewater, it was found that the pre-removal of Cu/Zn by chemical precipitation, followed by the increase in initial solution pH, could markedly reduce the Cu and Zn co-precipitation and their contents in the recovered struvite. A pilot-scale test validated such a recommendation. Compared to the conventional struvite crystallization process, the proposed approach could reduce 43.5% Cu and 77.6% Zn in the recovered struvite. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Impact   Citations   Metals   Bioinorganic   Jubilee   Numerical information  

摘要： A brief historic overview and analysis is presented of the almost 9000 scientific articles that have appeared in the Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry (JIB) and its predecessor (Bioinorganic Chemistry), since 1973. This overview has a focus on the different topics, in particular on the different elements of the Periodic Table and on papers that have received very large numbers of citations. Over the whole period, copper has been the element occurring in most publications (almost 1800, which is 20%), followed by iron which occurs in some 12% of all papers. Other favorite elements are zinc, platinum and ruthenium. The worldwide origin of papers published in JIB has been analyzed as well, showing a quite evenly worldwide distribution, with just a few exceptions. Trends in selected scientific topics over time (first 10 years;last 25 years, last 10 years) are also discussed. Also authors and institutes with the largest number of papers published in JIB have been detected. The numerical information is based on an analysis of the Web of Science with a cutoff date around July 1, 2020.

关键词： Age-related macular degeneration   Carotenoid   Lutein   Macular pigment   Nutrition   Zeaxanthin  

摘要： Among the more than 750 carotenoids identified in nature, only lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin, and their oxidative metabolites are selectively accumulated in the macula lutea region of the human retina. These retinal carotenoids are collectively referred to as the macular pigment (MP) and are obtained only through dietary sources such as green leafy vegetables and yellow and orange fruits and vegetables. Lutein- and zeaxanthin-specific binding proteins (StARD3 and GSTP1, respectively) mediate the highly selective uptake of MP into the retina. Meso-zeaxanthin is rarely present in the diet, and its unique presence in the human eye results from metabolic conversion from dietary lutein by the RPE65 enzyme. The MP carotenoids filter high-intensity, short-wavelength visible light and are powerful antioxidants in a region vulnerable to light-induced oxidative stress. This review focuses on MP chemistry, absorption, metabolism, transport, and distribution with special emphasis on animal models used for MP study. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.

关键词： biochemistry   biochemistry song   practical tips  

摘要： Teaching biochemistry well is not an easy job for teachers and so is learning biochemistry well for students. Just as many students often complain, they virtually always fail in either physiology or biochemistry. I have been teaching biochemistry at Nanjing University for over 25 years and am very successful in my biochemistry-teaching career. The way and style that I teach biochemistry is highly praised by both my students and my fellow teachers. As an instructor, the most important thing is, I think, you have to do your best to arouse or ignite students' interest in biochemistry learning. But how? In this article, I will introduce many first-hand practical tips on how to arouse the students 'interest in studying biochemistry from giving the first lecture to last lecture, from how to combine advanced teaching methods with traditional teaching methods to how to combine classic biochemistry with latest biochemical developments, from the main classroom teaching to organization of extracurricular activities as the second classroom, and so on. These tips are proven very useful and then can be followed by other professors who are teaching biochemistry. Hopefully, they can help many professors improve their skills for teaching biochemistry.

关键词： Aflatoxins   Duckling   Gene expression   Molecularly imprinted polymer  

摘要： To evaluate the effect of molecularly imprinted polymers as a synthetic polymer (TMU95) and commercial toxin binder (CTB) on aflatoxins (AFs) toxic effects on hepatic gene expression, and the biochemical and immunological parameters in ducklings, 240 four-day-old ducklings were randomly allocated into six groups with four replicates of 10 ducklings per each. The experimental groups were as follows: Negative control (basal diet without any additive or AFs), Negative control + TMU95 (5 g/kg feed), Negative control + CTB (Zarinbinder, Vivan Group, Mashhad, Iran. 5 g/kg feed), Positive control (0.2 mg AFs/kg feed), Positive control + TMU95 (5 g/kg feed), and Positive control + CTB (5 g/kg feed). On day 14, livers were collected (8 per treatment) to evaluate change in the expression of genes involved in AFs biotransformation (cytochrome P450 1A1 and 2H1) and antioxidant function (glutathione S-transferase). Several biochemical biomarkers and immune responses were also recorded. Compared with the negative control group AFs treatment significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (AST), alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (P <= 0.01). Cellular immune responses to the phytohemagglutinin-and 2, 4-dinitro 1-chlorobenzene skin test were significantly influenced by dietary aflatoxins (P <= 0.01) but a humoral immune response to Newcastle disease virus/vaccine was not affected (P >= 0.01). Compared with negative control group, the genes associated with AFs biotransformation were downregulated, whereas the gene associated with the antioxidant function was upregulated in birds fed AFs. The CTB supplement in contaminated feed could alleviate AFs adverse effects on cellular immunity, ALT concentration, and cytochrome P450 2H1 gene expression partially, whereas TMU95 could not ameliorate the adverse effects of AFs on the traits studied, except for ALP. The data suggest that TMU95 may allev

关键词： Uterine torsion   Cytokines   Leucogram   bLac   AST   Buffaloes   Hormones   Prognosis  

摘要： Bovine uterine torsion refers to the rotation of the gravid uterus around its longitudinal axis. It is the dominant cause of dystocia in buffaloes. A total of two hundred and seventeen dystocia's Egyptian buffaloes were examined, and another twenty were apparently normal at the full term (healthy pregnant group). From the dystocia's buffaloes, twenty-three percentage (n = 50) was uterine torsion after gynecology inspection at presentation (Ut group) and 5 days after the manual correction (Utc group). The buffaloes with uterine torsion exhibited loss of appetite, constipation, colic, and straining. The incidence of torsion was mostly at first parity that accounting for 50% of cases. Regarding to the pregnancy stage, torsion mostly occurred at full term, where it primarily occurred in buffaloes at 3 years of age. Right-sided torsion ensued in 90% of all cases. The survival rate of the pregnant buffaloes was 90% (45 buffaloes), and 10% (5 buffaloes) was directed to the culling. Regarding to the fetal survival outcome, 30% of fetuses was survived where the other 70% was died. The hematological results denoted leucocytosis in Ut and Utc groups that attributed to neutrophilia, monocytosis, and eosinophilia. Biochemical assessments were denoted an augments in the levels of serum AST, LDH, CPK, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, progesterone, cortisol, MDA, NO, TAC, blood lactate (bLac), TNF-alpha, and IL-6. Where there were a non significant fluctuations in the ALT, GGT, calcium, and phosphorus levels in the torsion cases. The significant declines in 17-beta-oestradiol, total proteins, albumin, magnesium, and GSH levels in the dams suffering from Ut were observed. The robust elevations in AST (156 +/- 3.47) and bLac (16.12 +/- 0.18) with severe hypomagnesaemia (2.69 +/- 0.15) were evident in 10% of the torsion cases that directed to the culling. This can conclude that robust elevations in AST and bLac with severe hypomagnesaemia are factors denoting a poor prognosis for uter

关键词： Atopic dermatitis   resistin   single nucleotide polymorphism  

摘要： Background/Objectives Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory chronic skin disorder. The etiology of AD is not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed by this study to shed light on the potential role of resistin in an etiopathogenesis of AD through investigation of resistin rs3745367 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and resistin serum levels, and their relation to leukocytic count in a sample of Egyptian patients having atopic dermatitis. Methods This case-control study included 45 patients having AD and 40 controls. SCORAD index was assessed to evaluate the severity of AD. CBC, ELISA, and PCR-RFLP were performed to detect leukocytic count, resistin serum level, and resistin rs3745367 SNP, respectively. Results Atopic dermatitis patients had significant low serum resistin concentrations (P = .036) and a significantly high frequency of leukocytosis (P = .003). Low resistin serum levels were significantly related to AD disease severity (P < .001) and the presence of leukocytosis (P < .001). Resistin rs3745367 GG genotype (P = .030), as well as its G allele (P = .019), was expressively associated with AD development, and both increased the risk of AD by 3- and 2-fold, respectively. Resistin rs3745367 GG genotype was significantly linked to low resistin serum levels (P < .001), AD-positive family history (P = .015), and the presence of leukocytosis (P < .001). Conclusions Resistin rs3745367 gene polymorphism may contribute to the development of AD. Resistin may have an immune-modulating active character in the AD etiopathogenesis that could be mediated through its anti-inflammatory effect. From this piece of work, we may suggest resistin as a new therapy to mitigate the pro-inflammatory environment found in AD.