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关键词： 大类招生   农业院校   生物化学实验室   管理模式  

摘要： 生命科学作为二十一世纪的前沿科学,是科学发展的重要组成部分,是国家培养尖端人才的基础。生物化学是生命科学的基础学科,是农业院校众多学院的基础课程,该课程的学习,很大程度上取决于实验课程的教学质量。加强生物化学实验室的管理是强化实验教学、保障教学质量、提高学生实验技能的关键。结合大类招生背景下农业院校生物化学实验课程特点及学生培养目标,该文主要就生物化学实验室管理模式的建设进行了探索和实践。

关键词： Oligonucleotide synthesis   Nucleic acid drug   Acylated oligonucleotide   Nuclease resistance  

摘要： Modified oligonucleotides, whose ON-OFF switch of hybridization can be controlled by an external stimulus, are important to understanding life phenomena and efficient treatment of diseases. The ON-OFF switch can be completely controlled by chemical modification of the oligonucleotide such as cyclization. However, their chemical modifications of the previous cyclic oligonucleotides remain after the addition of an external stimulus. To overcome this problem, we carried out the first synthesis of cyclic oligonucleotides containing acyl groups at both 5'- and 3'-terminal positions, which can be hydrolyzed by intracellular esterase. The cyclic oligonucleotides were successfully synthesized via disulfide bond formation and the phosphoramidite method without base protection on polymer supports containing a silyl linker. Subsequently, we were able to introduce a functional group into the cyclic oligonucleotide using the corresponding isothiocyanate reagent. Additionally, a cyclic oligonucleotide with acyl groups was found to have a much lower binding ability than the corresponding linear oligonucleotide. Moreover, we demonstrated its structural conversion to the corresponding linear oligonucleotide with two thiol groups under reducing conditions using dithiothreitol. It was also confirmed that the two terminal acyl groups of the linear oligonucleotide were hydrolyzed by pig liver esterase. These results indicate that hybridization of cyclic acylated nucleic acid drugs with high nuclease resistance is regulated by intracellular esterase under the reducing conditions in the cell cytoplasm.

关键词： 课程思政   生物化学   思政元素   课程教学  

摘要： 本文基于南华大学制药工程专业《生物化学》课程教学的发展与实践,通过修订教学大纲、增强教师思政育人意识、改变教学方式、挖掘涉及专业知识相关思政元素等方面探索将以立德树人为根本任务,打造全员、全程、全课程育人的重要举措的思政教育融入《生物化学》课程教学环节,旨在学生学习专业基础知识的基础之上,增强学生的专业认同感、社会责任感,提高学生的爱国热情与职业素养,为国家和社会培养德才兼备、全面发展的高素质专业化人才贡献力量。

关键词： Thermoactinomyces vulgaris   Type II restriction endonuclease   Tvu2HI   HaeIII   Restriction-modification system  

摘要： A bacterial strain 2H isolated from soil and identified as Thermoactinomyces vulgaris produce a potent Type II restriction endonuclease activity that has been extracted by a PEG/dextran aqueous two-phase system. Optimal temperature for the restriction endonuclease activity was 55-65 degrees C. Specific DNA cleavage was obtained at pH range 7-10 and 10-20 mM MgCl2. Restriction cleavage analysis followed by sequencing confirms GG<^>CC as the recognition sequence. This enzyme, named Tvu2HI, is a thermostable isoschizomer of the mesophilic prototype restriction endonuclease HaeIII. Sequencing of the complete Thermoactinomyces vulgaris 2H genome revealed the presence of two adjacent ORFs coding for the restriction endonuclease Tvu2HI and the corresponding methyltransferase;an ORF coding for a putative Vsr nicking enzyme was found close to those coding for the Tvu2HI restriction-modification system. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequence alignment suggests a common origin of Tvu2HI R-Msystem with HaeIII-like R-Msystems. This is the first investigation dealing with a Type II restriction endonuclease identified in a natural isolate of the genus Thermoactinomyces. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： 生物化学   讨论课   探索与实践  

摘要： 讨论课是提升高等教育教学质量的有效措施。为了深化生物化学课程教学改革,从讨论课的实施规则、关键环节和教学效果三方面,探索了在生物化学教学中小组讨论课的应用和效果。

关键词： Fucoidanases   GH107 family   Fucoidan  

摘要： Genomic analysis of the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127(T) revealed the presence of four fucoidanase genes fwf1, fwf2, fwf3, fwf4 that belonged to the glycoside hydrolase family 107 (GH107, CAZy), which is located in one gene cluster putatively involved in fucoidan catabolism. Genes encoding two fucoidanases fwf1 and fwf2 were cloned, and the proteins FWf1 and FWf2 were produced in Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant fucoidanases were purified and the biochemical properties of these enzymes were studied. The amino acid sequences of FWf1 and FWf2 showed 41 and 51% identity respectively with a fucoidanase FcnA from the marine bacterium Mariniflexile fucanivorans, with the established 3D structure. Structures of the oligosaccharides produced during enzymatic hydrolysis of fucoidan by FWf1 and FWf2 have been determined by NMR spectroscopy. Detailed substrate specificities of FWf1 and FWf2 were studied using fucoidans and sulfated fucooligosaccharides with different structures. Both fucoidanases catalyzed hydrolysis of 1 -> 4-glycosidic bonds between sulfated alpha-L-fucose residues but had different specificities regarding sulfation patterns of the fucose residues in fucoidan molecules. Specific cleavage sites recognizable by the fucoidanases in fucoidan molecules were determined. The obtained results provide new knowledge about differences between specificities of the fucoidanases belonging to the GH107 family. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 医学院   生物化学   网络授课  

摘要： 2020年春季,所有院校都经历了网络授课过程。虽然需要适应,但是人们也逐渐发现了网络授课的优势,将网络授课与线下授课相结合,是教育发展的一大趋势。复工复学后,各大院校仍然将网络授课作为重要的教学方式,在网络课程软件的灵活应用上,在课程教学方式的丰富上都在不断提升。医学院生物化学课程是重要的基础课程,知识体系庞杂,部分内容难度较大,在理论教学工作中,与网络授课紧密结合,提高医学院学生学习生物化学的兴趣和学习效果。

关键词： 新南威尔士   抗癌药物   结构生物学   蛋白复合物   药物靶点   抑制机制   转运机制   生物化学  

摘要： 近曰,清华大学生命科学学院研究员闫创业与澳大利亚新南威尔士的学者合作发布了关于抗癌药物靶点MCT1蛋白复合物的转运与小分子抑制机制的重要成果。该项研究成果在线发表在Cell上。该工作通过结构生物学和生物化学相结合的手段阐明MCT1的转运机制和小分子抗癌候选药物抑制机制,为进一步靶向MCTs的药物发现奠定了基础。

关键词： Biochemical sensing   MEMS Interdigitated sensors   Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)   Di-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP)   Equivalent circuit model   Double-layer effect   Warburg impedance   Constant-phase element  

摘要： Biochemical sensors using electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy often exploit electrical circuits to explain the electrochemical phenomena in the sensor-solution systems such as charge transport, double-layer effect and diffusion. Interdigitated sensors presented in the literature use a variety of circuits with different components and configurations to express the electrochemistry of the system. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of different electrical circuits used to interpret the system's behavior. A MEMS interdigitated sensor is used to obtain Nyquist plots of different concentrations of di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in deionized water. The experimental data are used to examine equivalent electrical circuits with different levels of circuit complexity and for different frequency ranges. A curve fitting software is used to fit the circuit model to the tested data, and the results show equivalent circuits that include different electrical components and configurations can successfully predict the behavior of the system and explain electrochemical phenomena in the sensor-solution system. The circuit designs show that more complicated circuit models, using separate interfacial components for each electrode, may provide more accurate results, but they also may create complications in the curve -fitting optimization process. The circuit models and analysis presented here can be utilized for different biochemical sensing applications. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 广东教育出版社   体育教学工作   运动生物化学   体育运动   体育院校   运动潜能   运动生化   生化基础  

摘要： 人体的种种生命活动都是通过体内的一系列化学反应来实现的,因此针对运动生物化学的研究对于揭示人体在体育活动以及运动中生命活动的本质具有重要的作用,并且可以对人们进行科学的体育运动进行指导。当前,体育运动比赛包含的项目越来越多,不同的运动项目对于技术要求也不尽相同,其在运动员的负荷方面也存在较大的差异,而运动员负荷的大小对于运动员在进行体育运动时体内的物质代谢与能量代谢的程度也由直接影响。因此,在体育教学中如何科学的进行训练,提高学生的运动能力,挖掘学生运动运动潜能,成为当前众多体育教学工作者和专家急需解决的一个重要问题。广东教育出版社出版的《运动训练生物化学》一书,阐明了以往体育院校教学体系主要涵盖运动训练与健康促进两个方面,同时该书还打破了传统的运动生物化学书籍当中以“基础生化—运动生化—应用”为主线的内容体系,确立了以生物化学能力为核心,按照“运动素质生化基础—训练—监控—评定”的主线进行编写。全书内容充分体现了基础性、先进性和实用性。