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关键词： 学生走上讲台   生物化学实验   实验教学  

摘要： 实验是生物化学教学中的重要组成部分,丰富实验教学手段以促进学生学习兴趣。为了达到尊重学生的个性化学习,增强学生的自学能力,注重学生能力培养的目的,在生物化学实验教学中采用让学生走上讲台的教学模式。本文从实施方法、实施效果、实施后的思考等三个方面进行了改革总结,以期达到发扬可取之处,改进欠妥之处的目的。

关键词： Haematology   Infection   Listeria species   Plasma biochemistry   Serum  

摘要： Fresh fish in Nigeria is gaining acceptance as a result of knowledge of its nutritive value;however, it is mostly assessed by the consumers by mere looking. Fish that looks apparently healthy may not be actually healthy. Haematology, plasma biochemistry and serum are some good parameters for the assessment of fish health. This study evaluated the haematology, plasma biochemistry and blood enzymes of farm-raised African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, naturally infected with listeriosis in Oyo State. Fish were collected from 36 farms using stratified method. A total of 108 fish were collected where 37 were positive for listeriosis. The blood of the affected fish was used for this study. Haematology, plasma biochemistry and blood enzyme analysis were determined. Fish from Oyo zone had the highest PCV, Hb, RBC and MCHC with 29.33 ± 2.96%, 10.04 ± 1.04 dL, 3.55 ± 0.09 × 10⁶/μL and 34.24 ± 0.74%, respectively;the highest heterocytes (39.00 ± 5.33%), eosinophils (4.00 ± 1.10%), basophils (0.50 ± 0.55%) and hetero:lymphocyte ratio (0.71 ± 0.14) were recorded in fish from Ogbomosho zone;WBC, platelets, lymphocytes and monocytes were highest in fish from Saki zone with 18.72 ± 0.44 × 10⁶/μL, 224.00 ± 3.61 × 10³/μL, 71.33 ± 1.53% and 3.33 ± 0.58%, respectively, while fish from Ibadan/Ibarapa zone had the highest MCV (163.40 ± 44.23 fL) and MCH (52.77 ± 14.95 pg). Total protein and globulin were highest in fish from Oyo zone with 6.61 ± 0.37 and 1.70 ± 0.38 g/dL, respectively, while albumin and A:G ratio were highest in fish from Ogbomosho zone. Fish from Ogbomosho zone had the highest AST, ALP, creatinine and glucose with 194.17 ± 10.11 μL, 232.17 ± 63.64 μL, 0.72 ± 0.19 μL and 277.50 ± 90.36 mg/dL, respectively;urea and cholesterol were highest in fish from Saki zone (8.30 ± 0.46 μL and 263.67 ± 3.51 mg/dL) while Ibadan/Ibarapa zone had the highest ALT (37.11 ± 14.72 μL). The study concluded that fish that are physically healthy which is the com

关键词： nutrition   biochemistry   poisoning  

摘要： Do you believe in so-called food-combination poisoning?Do you have the courage to eat crab and Chinese persimmon together?In fact,there is no need to worry about *** early as 80 years ago,it was proved that so-called foodcombination poisoning is a superstition,through experiments by a man named Libin ***(1900-2010),who was one of the founders of biochemistry and nutrition in China and who also became a 110-year-old wise man.

关键词： 家族性高胆固醇血症   模型小鼠   动脉粥样硬化   基因编辑   生物学研究所   中国科学院   分子细胞   生物化学  

摘要： 中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心(生物化学与细胞生物学研究所)周斌研究组利用CRISPR/Cas9系统,在一种新构建的家族性高胆固醇血症模型小鼠体内部分修复了LDLR基因突变,改善了动脉粥样硬化等表型,相关结果于2019年11月29日在线发表在Circulation上。

关键词： 知识网络构建   思维导图   生物化学教学   实践  

摘要： 知识网络构建对于中医药院校医学生非常重要,可以帮助学生对分散的、碎片化式的知识点进行整合,从整体上把握知识的主线和主要内容以及知识点间的相互联系。而思维导图具有发散性思维的特征,能够将复杂的东西简单化,抽象的东西具体化,有助于教学。同时学会思维导图的方法可以培养学生良好的学习习惯,提高创新性思维和综合分析问题解决问题的能力。因此在生物化学理论教学和实验教学中尝试利用思维导图训练,促进师生间的沟通交流,提高学生的学习兴趣,加强学生对生物化学内容的把握、进行章节复习以及培养学生核心素养的提高等方面都有一定的作用。

关键词： Alkyl cellobiosides   dimeric protein   exoglucanase   GH5_38   transglycosylation  

摘要： An exoglucanase (Exg-D) from the glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 38 (GH5_38) was heterologously expressed and structurally and biochemically characterised at a molecular level for its application in alkyl glycoside synthesis. The purified Exg-D existed in both dimeric and monomeric forms in solution, which showed highest activity on mixed-linked beta-glucan (88.0 and 86.7 U/mg protein, respectively) and lichenin (24.5 and 23.7 U/mg protein, respectively). They displayed a broad optimum pH range from 5.5 to 7 and a temperature optimum from 40 to 60 degrees C. Kinetic studies demonstrated that Exg-D had a higher affinity towards beta-glucan, with a K-m of 7.9 mg/mL and a k(cat) of 117.2 s(-1), compared to lichenin which had a K-m of 21.5 mg/mL and a k(cat) of 70.0 s(-1). The circular dichroism profile of Exg-D showed that its secondary structure consisted of 11% alpha-helices, 36% beta-strands and 53% coils. Exg-D performed transglycosylation using p-nitrophenyl cellobioside as a glycosyl donor and several primary alcohols as acceptors to produce methyl-, ethyl- and propyl-cellobiosides. These products were identified and quantified via thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We concluded that Exg-D is a novel and promising oligomeric glycoside hydrolase for the one-step synthesis of alkyl glycosides with more than one monosaccharide unit.

关键词： 生物化学   教学   技巧   策略  

摘要： 生物化学是生命科学中最重要的基础专业课程之一。欲使教师讲好它,学生学好并非易事。在学生中经常流传着一句"生理生化,必有一挂"的口头禅,足见学生学习生物化学的难度。本文结合笔者在南京大学讲授生物化学25年多的实践及成功经验,与同行们分享生物化学的教学技巧和策略,如何上好第一次课,如何激发学生学习生物化学的兴趣,如何在教学中培养学生的科学思维,如何把传统课堂教学的手段与其他新型的教学方式结合,如何开展和组织"第二课堂"活动等,希望它们对同行们的生物化学教学有所启发和帮助。

关键词： 生物化学   试误法   实验设计   唾液淀粉酶   酶活性  

摘要： 生物化学实验是生命科学领域重要专业基础课之一,在训练学生基本技能、实践和创新能力上起到重要作用。以温度、激活剂和抑制剂对唾液淀粉酶活性的影响为例,通过“试误法”认识操作细节、唾液淀粉酶用量、反应时间等基本因素对实验成功的重要性后引导学生设计严谨的实验方案探讨温度、激活剂和抑制剂对唾液淀粉酶活性的影响,以培养学生动手能力、发现问题和解决问题的能力以及培养严谨的科学态度,为科研创新人才培养奠定基础。

关键词： 慕课   混合式教学法   生物化学与分子生物学  

摘要： 目的:探讨基于MOOC的混合式教学模式在生物化学与分子生物学教学中效果。方法:选取临床医学本科生按照年级分为传统教学法(对照组),基于慕课的混合式教学模式(实验组),比较两组学习效果及满意度。结果:实验组的总成绩及优良率显著高于对照组。实验组知识收获情况、学习效果评价、学习满意度均达到95%以上。结论:基于MOOC的混合式教学模式应用于生物化学与分子生物学课程有助于提高学生自主学习能力和教学质量。

关键词： 应用型本科   动物生物化学   教学模式  

摘要： 笔者针对当前四川民族学院动物生物化学教学过程中存在的不足,从理论教学及实验教学两个大方面进行了改革探讨,提高了学生们的学习积极性和动手能力。