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关键词： 研究生   高级生物化学   教学改革  

摘要： 高级生物化学是食品科学与工程等相关专业研究生教学过程中的一门重要的专业基础课。针对目前研究生高级生物化学课程教学中存在的问题,本文在课程教学知识体系、教学方法与手段、考核评价方式等方面进行了教学改革的实践探索,以期为研究生高级生物化学教学实践和改革提供借鉴。

关键词： 华裔科学家   科技资讯   人类细胞   生命科学   生物化学   沙特阿拉伯   生理学   科学奖  

摘要： 王晓东获2020"费萨尔国王科学奖"当地时间1月9日,北京生命科学研究所所长王晓东博士获得沙特阿拉伯王室设立的费萨尔国王科学奖(King Faisal Prize),成为第五位获此殊荣的华裔科学家。该奖旨在奖励王晓东在人类细胞线粒体凋亡通路和细胞程序性坏死的生物化学及其生理学方面的发现。

关键词： beta-Amylase   Immobilization   Gibbs free energy  

摘要： beta-Amylase was immobilized onto GQDs using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde. Optimization was carried out by Box-Behnken design and binding was confirmed by SEM, AFM, FTIR and fluorescence microscopy. Predicted optimum immobilization efficiency (88.64%) was very close to actual (87.98%), which confirmed the success of the immobilization process. The immobilized enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 5.0 and 57 degrees C, whereas K-m and V-max were found to be 6.40 mg/mL and 714.28 mu mol/min/mg, respectively. The enzyme retained 75% activity after 12 uses at 30 degrees C. Increased values of Delta G degrees Delta H degrees, half-life and activation energy of the enzyme inactivation (Delta E-d) revealed that thereto-stability increases after immobilization and the process followed first-order kinetics (r(2) > 0.96). The activation energy of catalysis (Delta E-a and Delta E-d for immobilized enzyme were 22.58 and 158.99 +/- 1.10 kJ/mol, respectively which revealed that denaturation of the enzyme requires a higher amount of energy rather than catalysis. Thermodynamic and fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed that the process is non-spontaneous (Delta G > 0) and endothermic (Delta H > 0) and occurred through protein unfolding rather than aggregation (Delta S > 0). Thus increase in thermo-stability of immobilized fenugreek beta-amylase and non-toxic nature of GQDs could be exploited for maltose production in beverage, food and pharmaceutical industries. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 制药工程专业   生物化学实验   课程建设  

摘要： 生物化学实验是制药工程专业重要的专业课程之一,但在传统教学中,实验课程仅简单作为理论课程教学的补充,存在实验内容陈旧、教学方法单一、师资力量不足等问题。为了培养适应21世纪社会发展的复合型人才,近年来尝试从更新教学内容体系、在教学中引入科研课题、改进评估方法、拓展课外开放性实验、加强师资队伍建设等方面进行改革探索并取得一定成效,学生在参与科研综合训练项目、学科竞赛及大学生创新创业比赛等方面获得明显进步。

关键词： 生物化学   氨的代谢   教学设计   案例式教学法   临床思维  

摘要： 氨的代谢是氨基酸代谢中的重要教学内容,同时也是临床医学专业相关医学课程内容学习的基础。氨的代谢的教学设计应当更好地结合临床医学专业学员的培养目标和要求。通过合理的设计,充分调动学生的积极性,实现系统化和整体化的教学效果,并把传授生化知识和培养学生临床思维能力有机地结合起来。

关键词： Selenium   Inflammation   Pain   Toxicity  

摘要： m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide [(m-CF3-PhSe)(2)] is an organoselenium molecule that displays multiple pharmacological actions, including the antinociceptive effect. The current study investigated the (m-CF3-PhSe)(2) restorative properties in models of acute and chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Male adult Swiss mice received an intraplantar injection of CFA in the hindpaw and 24 h (acute) or 14 days (subchronic) later they were treated with a single or repeated (m-CF3-PhSe)(2) schedule via intragastric route, respectively. The mechanical and thermal hypernociceptive behaviors were assessed by von Frey hair and hot plate tests. Samples of injected paw were collected to evaluate the tissue edema and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity while cerebral contralateral cortex samples were used to determine the inflammatory proteins content (subchronic protocol). The acute (m-CF3-PhSe)(2) administration (1 and 10 mg/kg) reduced the hypernociceptive behavior and both paw thickness and MPO activity induced by CFA injection. In the subchronic protocol, the repeated administration with a low effective dosage of (m-CF3-PhSe)(2) reduced the mechanical and thermal hypernociception as well as restored the edema and MPO activity in paw samples. In addition, the repeated treatment schedule mitigated the increase in TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and COX-2 content in cerebral contralateral cortex induced by CFA injection. Collectively, these data showed that (m-CF3-PhSe)(2) presents anti-inflammatory properties, which could be mediated by an interplay between peripheral and central mechanisms of action, reinforcing the potential biological properties of the compound.

关键词： 翻转课堂   生物化学   教学模式  

摘要： 翻转课堂是随着信息技术飞速发展而衍生出来的一种新型教学模式,其将知识传授,知识内化及知识巩固的传统教学过程颠倒安排,从而提高课堂的教学效果。生物化学是高等医学院校医学生课程当中非常重要的一门专业基础课,其内容广泛,枯燥乏味,概念抽象难懂,这些都极大地影响了学生的学习兴趣,给生物化学的教学带来了难题。文章对翻转课堂引入到生物化学教学的必要性以及可行性进行了探究,并且提出了具体可行的实施方案。

关键词： Bioelectrochemical system   Hydrogenotrophic denitrification   Cathode strengthening   PPy modification   Polarity inversion  

摘要： To better the removal of nitrate pollutants accumulated in the environment economically and eco-friendly using bioelectrochemical system (BES). Biocathode strengthening by polarity reversal and PPy (Polypyrrole) modification for enhanced hydrogenotrophic denitrification were investigated. It was found that nitrate removal efficiency reached 95% during 6, 7, 8 and 11 days for PPy + inversion, PPy, polar inversion and the control groups, respectively. Besides, anodic COD removal for the PPy group reached 81.8% after three days, while it was only 67.4% for the control group. Coulombic efficiency of the four groups reached 57.5 (Control), 74.6 (Inversion), 75.8 (PPy) and 82.1% (PPy + inversion), respectively. Notably, an obviously enhancement of protein abundance could be observed at the PPy deposited biocathodes, indicating the advantage of PPy deposition for biofilm enriching in comparison with polar inversion. Through Illumina high throughput sequencing, it was found that the highest microbial abundances at the PPy + inversion strengthened biocathode mainly contain electro-consuming, denitrifying and hydrogenotrophic species as Proteiniphilum (93.1%), Fusibacter (87.2%), Aminiphilus (82.6%), Desulfovibrio (81.3%) and vadinBC27 wastewater-sludge group (80.8%). Finally, PICRUSt analysis indicated that the metabolic activities of hydrogenotrophic and electron transfer for the PPy + inversion group presented with the largest proportion comparing with three other groups. Therefore, cathode strengthening through surface medication and polar inversion could be a promising strategy for enhanced denitrification using BES.

关键词： 生物化学   表格数据   教学  

摘要： 目的生物化学教学中利用表格数据包含的知识和信息量、简明扼要、直观性强的优势,实施数据转化图形、数据补充、图像处理、实验数据采集等方法,提高教学质量。方法随机选取滁州城市职业学院医学检验专业2016级一行政班学生38人作为对照组;随机选取医学检验专业2017级一行政班学生39人作为观察组。观察组生物化学课程教学中采用表格数据分析和应用,对照组采用传统模式教学。课程结束后进行该门课程的期末考试,利用调查问卷,学生进行教学反馈。结果观察组学生考核成绩明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);学生普遍认为新的教学方式有利于加强对知识的理解和记忆。结论在生物化学课程教学中引注重数据分析和应用,与传统教学模式相比,抽象的知识直观化,引导学生主动思索和深入分析,有效地突破生物化学重难点知识,加强学生对知识的理解、有效地达到知识的迁移和建构,并有效地提高学生的分析问题和解决问题的能力。

关键词： 生物化学   形成性评价   超星学习通平台  

摘要： 在生物化学教学中利用超星学习通平台等多种教学模式,将形成性评价体系贯穿整个教学过程,不仅可评价学生相关知识和技能的掌握情况,并且更加重视学生获得相关知识和技能的情感态度、方式方法,通过有效反馈机制,促进学生的学习。