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关键词： Lesinurad   Ameliorative effects   Hyperuricemia   Gene expression   Kidney affection   XOD activity  

摘要： Background Hyperuricemia is an abnormal increase in uric acid levels in the blood. It is the cause of gout that manifested by inflammatory arthritis and painful disable. Therefore, current study evaluated the potential ameliorative impact of Lesinurad and Allopurinol on the kidneys of hyperuricemic mice at the biochemical, molecular and cellular levels. Methods Lesinurad and allopurinol alone or in combination were orally administered to hyperuricemic and control mice for seven consecutive days. Levels of uric acid and blood urea nitrogen, along with antioxidants and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha) were measured in the serum. The mRNA expression of mouse urate anion transporter-1, glucose transporter 9, organic anion transporters, in renal tissues were examined using quantitative real time PCR. Simultaneously, the immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor-beta 1 was examined immunohistochemically. Results Lesinurad and allopurinol administration resulted in significant decrease in serum levels of uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, xanthine oxidase activity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha) reported in hyperuricemic mice. Both partially reversed oxonate-induced alterations in renal mURAT-1, mGLUT-9, mOAT-1 and mOAT-3 expressions, as well as alterations in the immunoreactivity of TGF- beta 1, resulting in the increase of renal uric acid secretion and excretion. The combined administration of lesinurad and ALP restored all altered parameters in a synergistic manner, improving renal function in the hyperuricemic mouse model employed. Conclusion This study confirmed synergistic ameliorative hypouricemic impact of both lesinurad and allopurinol in the treatment of hyperuricemia in mice at the biochemical, molecular and cellular levels.

关键词： Antioxidant enzymes   fatty acids composition   limited irrigation   photosynthetic pigments   seed oil content  

摘要： Co-application of nano, chemical, and biological fertilizers has been recommended to increase quality and quantity of plants in sustainable production systems. Field experiments (factorial split plot experiment based on completely randomized block design) were conducted during two consecutive years to investigate the effect of nitrogen (nitroxin, urea, and nitroxin + 50% urea) and potassium (without fertilizer, soil and foliar application of potassium nano-chelate, and potassium dioxide) forms on grain yield, physiological traits, oil content, and fatty acids composition of sesame under water stress conditions (normal irrigation, irrigation up to 50% seed ripening and flowering (mild and severe stresses, respectively). Severe water stress was caused decreasing chlorophyll content, grain yield (25.4%), seed oil content (2.87%), and unsaturated fatty acid content, while it increased catalase and peroxidase activities, total carbohydrate, and saturated fatty acids content in compared to the control. As shown, the grain yield in the second year was more than the amount in the first year. The highest grain yield was achieved in co-application of 50% urea and nitroxin in combined with potassium dioxide under normal irrigation during the second year, which showed an increase of 42%, compared to the control treatment. Application of potassium fertilizer (nano or chemical) increased unsaturated fatty acids content in compared to the control treatment. While non-application of fertilizer had the highest saturated fatty acids content. Finally, the co-application of potassium fertilizer (nano or chemical forms) with nitrogen fertilizer (nitroxin + 50% urea) could alleviate the adverse effects of water stress on the studied traits.

关键词： AgNPs   Growth performance   Organ histopathology   Serum biochemistry  

摘要： The supplementation of 50 ppm dosed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a disinfectant in broilers drinking water was investigated to examine their growth performance, blood serum biochemistry, and organ histology in the case group, compared to the control. The growth performance parameters, such as water intake, feed intake, and body weight were recorded 6 times, each in an interval of 7 days, over a period of 42 days. At the end of each 42 days, the blood and major organs of the 1 case boiler out of 75 and 1 control broiler out of 75 were collected in random. The procedure was repeated 3 sets one after another, each consisting 42 day intervening period. The liver enzyme, lipid profile, glucose level, organ histology, and concentration of AgNPs in liver, spleen, heart, and small intestine were determined. The obtained results show that the growth performance of the case broilers was significantly higher than the control section (p < 0.05). However, in all the three sets the changes in lipid profile, liver enzyme, and glucose level of the case broilers were not statistically significantly different compared to the control (p > 0.05). The histology of liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and small intestine of broilers has not shown any damages to the cells as compared to the control samples. In the case samples, the highest concentration of AgNPs was observed in the small intestine (5.44 mu g/g) followed by liver (4.32 mu g/g), kidney (3.94 mu g/g), heart (3.82 mu g/g), and spleen (3.49 mu g/g). The present study concludes that the administering 50 ppm AgNPs of average 15 nm size in the poultry drinking water was found safe for consumption as well as for growth enhancing, due to better bird comfort.

关键词： Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase deficiency   ECHS1   urinary metabolic profile  

摘要： Background Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (SCEH or ECHS1) deficiency is a rare congenital metabolic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the ECHS gene. Clinical phenotype includes severe developmental delay, regression, dystonia, seizures, elevated lactate, and brain MRI abnormalities consistent with Leigh syndrome (LS). SCEH is most notably involved in valine catabolism. There is no effective treatment for the disease, patients may respond to dietary restriction of valine and supplementation of N-acetylcysteine . Case presentation We describe two patients who presented in infancy or early childhood with SCEH deficiency. Both patients were shown to harbor heterozygous or homozygous variants in the ECHS1 gene, and developmental retardation or regression as the onset manifestation. Brain MRI showed abnormal signals of bilateral pallidus. Urine metabolic examination showed increased levels of 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid and S-(2-carboxypropyl) cysteamine S-(2-carboxypropoxypropyl) cysteamine (SCPCM). A valine restricted diet and combined of N-acetylcysteine supplementation were utilized in the two patients. Conclusions In clinical practice, The elevated urinary 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutyrate, S-(2-carboxypropyl) cysteine, S-(2-carboxypropyl) cysteine and N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxypropyl) cysteine levels might be clues for diagnosis of SCEH deficiency which can be confirmed throughGenetic sequencing of ECHS1 gene. Early cocktail therapy, valine restrictied diet and N-acetylcysteine supplementation could improve the prognosis of patients.

关键词： 生物化学   不同层次药学专业   差异化教学   探索  

摘要： 生物化学是药学专业一门占有重要地位的专业基础课程,学好生物化学有助于后续专业课程的学习与理解。目前,我国培养药学专业人才有多种层次,因此,针对不同层次的药学专业学习生物化学,应依据学生自身素质的不同,而采用不同的教学方法。然而,目前针对不同层次药学专业生物化学差异化教学并没有得到足够的重视,也缺乏方法,就此,文章依据教学实践,对中职与高职药学专业生物化学课程差异化教学进行了一定的探索和实践。

关键词： 生物化学与分子生物学   实验室生物安全   安全管理  

摘要： 本论文针对生化领域的实验室中与生物安全有关的管理工作展开了较为系统的分析,主要讨论讨了有效地实施此项工作并且取得实效的途径和措施,从而提升我国高等院校中此类实验室在生物安全方面的水平,以取得更好的管理效率。该类实验室主要负责为高校的相关专业的教学与科研工作提供一个良好的平台,为此有很多的生化方面的试剂和设备存放其中,所以其安全性问题被摆在了很高的位置。当前的工作侧重探索管理过程中的安全性问题,而且有针对性地给出解决的方案,从而保证其良好的运行。