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关键词： 小组合作学习   生理学   学习倦怠  

摘要： 生理学作为重要的医学基础主干课程之一,是联系基础与临床的桥梁学科。目前生理学教学中面临的巨大挑战之一是普遍存在的医学生学习倦怠现象,其不仅影响医学生的专业学习,更关乎国家医疗卫生事业的未来发展。分析医学生生理学学习倦怠的成因,探讨小组合作学习模式在优化生理学学习策略、激发学生学习动机及培养其责任感方面的作用,为改善医学生生理学学习倦怠提供新的思路。

关键词： E-learning   构建“   学生为中心”   翻转课堂  

摘要： 生理学是医学生重要的专业基础课,是后续课程如病理学、病理生理学、药理学和内科学等专业基础课和专业课的基石,因此学好生理学对医学生来说至关重要。与其他学科不同,生理学是一门逻辑性非常强的学科,因为生理学主要是讲解人体器官系统是如何工作的,由于课程内容晦涩难懂、枯燥无味,导致教师难“教”,学生难“学”。

关键词： 中华医学会   临床应用经验   神经科临床   癫痫学   神经电生理学   普及与提高   神经病学   学术刊物  

摘要： 一、本刊由中华医学会神经病学分会脑电图与癫痫学组和贵州医科大学联合主办.由贵州医科大学附属医院承办,是我国癫痫与临床神经电生理专业经批准国内外公开发行的学术刊物。本刊的宗旨是为我国癫痫学、临床神经电生理学及神经科临床工作者提供一个学术园地,为及时和充分地反映我国此学科的研究成果.推动此学科专业技术的进一步普及、健康发展和学术水平不断提高作出积极贡献。本刊的方针是普及与提高相结合,理论与实践相结合,刊载此专业临床应用经验总结和基础研究的文稿,力求对工作实践有参考和指导作用。

关键词： 微视频   课程思政   病理生理学   实验教学   翻转课堂  

摘要： 目的:探讨基于微视频的病理生理学实验课程思政翻转课堂教学模式的实践研究效果。方法:选取2017级临床医学专业本科生为研究对象,教改班作为对照组,普通班采用通过问卷调查及实验操作考核测试成绩进行对比分析。结果:采用基于微视频的病理生理学实验课程思政翻转课堂教学模式可激发学生的学习积极性、主动性,利于提高学生对理论相关知识的深入认识,利于培养责任意识和人文情怀理念。

关键词： 果蔬采后生理学   保鲜处理   实验教学   科研能力  

摘要： 针对高校实验教学的主要问题,总结了科研型实验应用于果蔬采后生理学的教学方法和效果。在实验室开放的前提下,将互相独立的各类实验检测(乙烯释放量、呼吸强度、色泽、硬度、电导率、可溶性固形物)进行有机融合,增加保鲜处理的试验设计,使之成为综合性科研型实验。通过实验方案设计、实验任务分组、集中指导结合分组辅导、研究论文代替实验报告、综合考核评分等改进措施,使学生初步掌握科研工作的基本方法,显著提高了学生的科研能力。

关键词： 思维导图   肾小球滤过   生理教学  

摘要： 医学生理学是当代医学的重要基础课。为了解决生理学理论知识的理论性强,理解起来比较困难的问题,在生理学的教学中引入思维导图这一新兴教学方法。文章以“肾小球滤过”章节为例探讨如何将思维导图引入到生理学教学中,从而达到改善生理学的教学质量的目的。

关键词： chalcone 3-hydroxylase   Pichia pastoris   Saccharomyces cerevisiae   yeast   physiology   recombinant protein production  

摘要： Cytochrome P450s comprise one of the largest protein superfamilies. They occur in every kingdom of life and catalyse a variety of essential reactions. Their production is of utmost interest regarding biotransformation and structure-function elucidation. However, they have proven hard to express due to their membrane anchor, their complex co-factor requirements and their need for a redox-partner. In our study, we investigated and compared different yeast strains for the production of the plant cytochrome P450 chalcone 3-hydroxylase. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating different yeasts for the expression of this abundant and highly significant protein superfamily. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and three different strains of Pichia pastoris expressing chalcone 3-hydroxylase were cultivated in controlled bioreactor runs and evaluated regarding physiological parameters and expression levels of the cytochrome P450. Production differed significantly between the different strains and was found highest in the investigated P. pastoris MutS strain KM71H where 8 mg P450 per gram dry cell weight were detected. We believe that this host could be suitable for the expression of many eukaryotic, especially plant-derived, cytochrome P450s as it combines high specific product yields together with straightforward cultivation techniques for achieving high biomass concentrations. Both factors greatly facilitate subsequent establishment of purification procedures for the cytochrome P450 and make the yeast strain an ideal platform for biotransformation as well.

摘要： The mammalian gastrointestinal tract harbors a large reservoir of tissue macrophages, which, in concert with other immune cells, help to maintain a delicate balance between tolerance to commensal microbes and food antigens, and resistance to potentially harmful microbes or toxins. Beyond their roles in resistance and tolerance, recent studies have uncovered novel roles played by tissue-resident, including intestinal-resident macrophages in organ physiology. Here, we will discuss recent advances in the understanding of the origin, phenotype and function of macrophages residing in the different layers of the intestine during homeostasis and under pathological conditions.

关键词： Adeno-associated virus   microRNA   AAV-host cell interaction  

摘要： Cellular microRNAs are known to modulate the life-cycle of different viruses. Surprisingly, very little data exists on AAV-induced changes to the cellular microRNAome in general and in hepatic and retinal cells, in particular. We reasoned that inducible microRNA in response to recombinant AAV infection may regulate immediate and long-lived cellular responses necessary for the cell's own survival as well as its ability to control several aspects of viral life-cycle. To study this, we performed a global small RNA sequencing analysis in Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes 2 and 3 infected hepatic and retinal cell models. This screen identified multiple differentially expressed microRNAs, in AAV infected Huh-7 and ARPE-19 cells. Among these, one microRNA (miR-4488) was found to be significantly down regulated (-2.24 fold for AAV2 and -3.32 fold for ARPE-19) in AAV infected cells. An enrichment and pathway analysis of miR-4488 predicted its possible effects on gene targets involved in multiple biological processes including cell-cycle regulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress response and lipid-signalling pathways. Moreover, validation studies in miR-4488 mimic or sponge transfected cells revealed modulation of these target pathways in a cell-specific manner. Further studies demonstrated that overexpression of miR-4488, modestly increased gene expression (126-128%) from AAV2 and AAV3 vectors in Huh-7 cells whereas miR-4488 inhibition in ARPE-19 cells had a similar increase (142-158%) on AAV2 or AAV3 transduction. Our results highlight that recombinant AAV mediated microRNA expression is cell-type and serotype-specific and can target specific host cellular biological pathways.

关键词： 口腔解剖生理学   实习教学   改革   PBL模式   教学效果  

摘要： 探讨口腔解剖生理实习教学改革情况,并且观察获得的实施效果。方法:选择我院2017年10月~2019年04月70名口腔解剖生理学实习生作为实验对象;数字奇偶法分组后探究每组拟定的教学方案;比照组(35名):拟定传统教学方案展开口腔专业知识教学;实验组(35名):拟定PBL教学方案展开口腔专业知识教学,并且实习课程在完成后,对于实习考核制度充分实施,最终就组间教学效果展开对比。结果:实验组口腔解剖生理学实习生学习主动性提高比例、团队精神以及创新意识提高比例、问题解决能力提高比例以及学习兴趣提高比例均高于比照组明显(P<0.05);实验组口腔解剖生理学实习考核成绩以及理论考试成绩均高于比照组明显(P<0.05)。结论:口腔解剖生理学实习生接受PBL教学以及实习考核后,利于实习生学习主动性、团队精神以及创新意识、问题解决能力、学习兴趣、实习考核成绩以及理论考试成绩的提升,最终促进口腔解剖生理学实习生的教学效果增强以实践能力提升。