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关键词： 留学生   生理学   实验教学质量   提升路径  

摘要： 生理学实验教学是生理学课程教育的重要环节之一,是医学机能学学科的基础。留学生生理学实验教学难度相对较高,针对留学生生理学实验教学质量的提升,必须要从多个维度开展教育布局,先要充分了解留学生生理学课程学习痛点及学习难点,并逐一做好系统化教育规范,汲取现有生理学课程教学经验,逐步提高留学生生理学实验操作能力,弥补留学生生理学教学不足,以期有效强化留学生生理学教学质量。

关键词： 应用型人才   植物生理学实验课   教学改革   创新思维能力   实践应用能力  

摘要： 首先分析植物生理学实验教学中存在的问题,并提出相应的教学改革方案;其次引进先进的实验教学仪器以利学生跟上学科的发展;最后增设实践课时,安排学生进入植物园、产业园等进行实践锻炼,促进学生将所学的知识和生产实践和科学研究结合起来。植物生理学实验教学的改革对培养学生创新思维和实践应用能力的提升及应用型人才的培养具有积极的意义。

关键词： Medicine/Public Health   general   Pediatrics   Pediatric Surgery  

摘要： Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-bound particles, extensively investigated across many fields to improve the understanding of pathophysiological processes, as biomarkers of disease and as therapeutic targets for pharmacological intervention. We aim to describe the current knowledge of EVs detected in the body fluids of human neonates, both term and preterm, from birth to 4 weeks of age. To date, EVs have been described in several neonatal body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid, umbilical cord blood, neonatal blood, tracheal aspirates and urine. These studies demonstrate some important roles of EVs in the neonatal population, particularly in haemostasis. Moreover, some studies have demonstrated the pathophysiological mechanisms and the identification of potential biomarkers of neonatal disease. We must continue to build on this knowledge, evaluating the role of EVs in neonatal pathology, particularly in prematurity and during the perinatal adaption period. Future studies should use larger numbers, robust EV characterisation techniques and always correlate the findings to clinical outcomes. Impact This article summarises the current knowledge of the effect of EVs in neonates. It describes the potential compensatory role of EVs in neonatal haemostasis. It also describes the role of EVs as mediators of pathology and as potential biomarkers of perinatal and neonatal disease.

关键词： Antioxidant   Immunological   Disease resistance   Nano-selenium   Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)   Nutrition physiology  

摘要： In the present work, a total 180 monosex male Nile tilapia fingerlings (15.73 +/- 0.05 g) were stocked in 150-l FRP tanks categorised into four diet groups with triplicate each and fed with dietary nano-selenium-supplemented diets at different concentration (T1-0, T2-0.5, T3-1.0 and T4-2.0 mg/kg of feed) for 90 days and different nutrition physiological parameters (feed utilization, haematology, serum biochemistry), immune response and antioxidant were analysed during pre- and post-challenge againstAeromonas hydrophila. The study results depicted that significantly (p < 0.05) better growth and feed utilization (absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, average daily gain, protein efficiency ratio, food conversion ratio) found in fish fed diet supplemented with 1 mg/kg of nano-Se. Significantly (p < 0.05) improved haematological (red blood cells, haemoglobin, white blood cells, platelets) and serum biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides) observed in the same diet group. The same trend was followed by immune parameters (nitro blue tetrazolium, lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase, total immunoglobulin). Also observed the statistically (p < 0.05) improved antioxidant activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxides, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity) in the same diet group. Relative percent survival after the fishes challenged withA. hydrophilawas significantly (p < 0.05) differed. The findings suggested that supplementation of 1 mg/kg of dietary nano-Se could able to ameliorate nutrition physiology, immunity, antioxidant activity and disease resistance in tilapia and proved that it may be one of the best element for fish farmers to increase the production in an economically feasible way.

关键词： 医学   生理学   在线开放课程   混合式教学  

摘要： 随着科学技术和互联网的不断发展,在线开放课程建设与混合式教学已经成为当前教学的全新发展方向。尤其是在医学生理学中,对医学生理学展开在线开放课程建设,加强对混合式教学的运用,将信息技术融入到其中,优化了整体的教学成果,提升了学生对于专业课程的理解和认知。

关键词： Aquaculture   Carbohydrate utilization   Carnivorous fish   Muscle growth   Pacama˜  

摘要： The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different ratios of crude protein/non-fibrous carbohydrates (CP/NFC) on growth, metabolism, physiology, nutrient utilization efficiency and muscle cellularity of juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri. Treatments consisted of isoenergetic diets (4500 kcal/kg) with CP/NFC ratios of 0.78;1.02;1.26 and 1.60, delivered for 75 days. Polynomial regression analysis showed that the different CP/NFC ratios affected weight gain and specific growth rate with estimated maximum values of 1.27 and 1.25, respectively. Feed conversion rate and the hepatosomatic index had minimum values with CP/NFC ratios of 1.33 and 1.02, respectively. Muscle and liver glycogen levels were maximized with CP/NFC content of 0.87 and 1.26, respectively. The CP/NFC ratio of 1.20 maximized the deposition of lipids in the muscle while that of 1.11 maximized the concentration of total soluble proteins in the same tissue. Plasma total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides increased linearly with increasing dietary CP/NFC ratio. Ratios estimated at 0.99, 0.94, 0.93 and 0.98 minimize the concentrations of HDL, total protein, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine in fish plasma, respectively. Nucleus diameter of hepatocytes increased linearly with increasing dietary CP/NFC ratio, while percentage of liver tissue nuclei decreased linearly. Hypertrophic muscle fibers were influenced by diets with the estimated ratio of 1.21 CP/NFC maximizing the occurrence of these fibers. Fish body crude protein increased linearly with increasing CP/NFC ratios in the diet. Fish body content of mineral matter, total phosphorus and visceral fat were minimized with the ratios of 1.34, 1.38 and 1.12, respectively. There were no effects of CP/NFC ratios on the viscerosomatic index, feed intake, carcass yield, the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, percentages of cytoplasmic and capillary sinusoids in liver tissue, and body dry matter, c

关键词： 新时代   高校   课程思政   建设  

摘要： 立德树人视角下,高校课程思政建设作为教育改革的基本任务,不仅是一项系统工程,更是新时代高校加强思政教育与人才培养工作融合的新举措。课程思政建设工作,是从根本上回应“培养什么样的人”的根本问题,可推动新时代高校课程思政建设工作,也能弥补传统思政课程采用大班教学、集体授课的不足。采用将专业教学与思政教育结合的方式,培养学生基本的思想道德,达到全员育人的改革目标和方向。本文以新时代高校课程思政建设问题为出发点,结合课程思政建设的要义,提出实现全方位育人的教育改革新方向,提升课程思政建设效果。

关键词： 生理学   文献导读   教学模式  

摘要： 培养高素质创新型人才是现代医学教育的重要目标。文章探讨了文献引导式教学模式在医学生理学教学中的应用。在传统课堂教学的基础上,通过精选与课程知识密切联系的前沿科研文献,引导学生阅读与讨论,以加深学生对理论知识的理解与掌握,并且拓展科学思维和视角,促进学生自主学习能力和科研创新能力的培养与提高。

关键词： 《家畜病理生理学与解剖学》课程   实验教学   教学改革  

摘要： 《家畜病理生理学与解剖学》在整个动物医学专业课程当中起着承前启后的桥梁性作用,其中实验部分是该课程的重要组成部分。加快推进《家畜病理生理学与解剖学》课程实验教学改革对该课程的教学改革起着重要作用。针对《家畜病理生理学与解剖学》课程的特点,在实验课程教学过程中,可通过大体标本观察、讲述病理变化、病理切片阅读竞赛、实验课考核改革等方法来激发学生学习该课程的兴趣和积极性,进而达到提高课程教学质量的目的。

摘要： 足球运动是一种群体性体育项目,其能够最大限度的使参与者融入运动当中,同时足球运动对于参与者的体能有着较高的要求,需要参与者在场上有着较强的奔跑能力和较强的心肺呼吸功能。足球运动不仅要求参与者具有较好的体能和技能,同时更需要参与者有着相应的思维和意识,能够对足球的落点及路线进行很好的预判,这就需要参与者将足球训练的理论内容与技能进行很好的融合,在提升自身理论水平和运动技巧的同时,形成必要的思维和意识。