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关键词： 酸敏感离子通道   COS-7细胞   pH值   阿米洛利  

摘要： 目的研究人类三型酸敏感离子通道(hASIC3)的生理学和药理学特性。方法应用全细胞电压钳技术检测转染在COS-7细胞上的hASIC3通道的生理学和药理学特性。结果hASIC3通道能通过迅速降低胞外pH值而被激活,并在酸性环境中迅速脱敏。脱敏后的hASIC3通道恢复到50%备用状态时所需的时间为(618±21)ms。胞外pH值在(6.40±0.05)时可使50%的hASIC3通道激活。pH值低于8时hASIC3通道的利用率降低,在生理状态pH值条件下,通道利用率降低了大约50%。阿米洛利能特异性阻断快速激活快速失活hASIC3通道且半数抑制浓度为(12.5±3.0)μmol/L。hASIC3通道的电流电压(I-V)关系曲线在很宽广的电压范围内呈线性关系(-80^+80 mV),翻转电位为(+43±5)mV。结论hASIC3通道作为一种酸感受器,可能对感受人体pH值的变化起很重要的作用。

关键词： 慢性心力衰竭患者   心肺运动试验   非线性分析   预测价值   摄氧量   斜率   慢性心力衰竭(CHF)   CHF患者   运动生理学   NYHA分级  

摘要： Aims: Predicting survival from peak exercise oxygen uptake(peak VO2) in chronic heart failure(CHF) is hindered by its reduction if exercise duration is submaximal. The oxygen uptake efficiency slope(OUES) is a non-linear description of the ventilatory response to exercise, which has the potential to describe abnormalities even early in exercise. We evaluated the physiology of OUES and assessed its potential for prognostic information in patients with CHF. Methods and results: Two hundred and forty-three patients with CHF(mean age 59± 12 years) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing between May 1992 and July 1996. Mean peak VO2 was 16.2± 6.7 mL/kg/min, VE/VCO2 slope 38± 12.5, ventilatory anaerobic threshold 10.9± 3.5 mL/kg/min, and OUES 1.6± 0.7 L/min. The value for each variable fell across the New York Heart Association classes(P< 0.0001 by analysis of variance for each). When only the first 50% of each exercise test was used to calculate the variables, the value obtained for OUES changed the least(peak VO2 25% difference and OUES 1% difference). After a median of 9 years of follow-up, 139 patients(57% ) had died. Each of the exercise variables was a significant univariate predictor of prognosis but in a multivariable model, only OUES was identified as the sole significant independent prognostic variable. Conclusion: OUES provides an effective, independent measure of pathological exercise physiology. Its numerical value is relatively insensitive to the duration of exercise data from which it is calculated. Its prognostic value seems to be stronger than the best available existing measures of exercise physiology.

关键词： 创新教育   生理学   实验教学  

摘要： 本文针对当前生理学实验教学的现状,从教育观念、实验内容、教学方法、教学手段、评价体系五个方面,阐述了如何在生理学实验教学改革中培养学生的创新能力。

关键词： transseptal   left atrial catheter ablation   atrial fibrillation   air embolism   complication   hyperbaric oxygen  

摘要： We present a case of a 44 year-old man with medically refractory symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in whom the initial attempt at left atrial catheter ablation was complicated by coronary and cerebral arterial air embolization during transseptal catheter exchange. The manifestations, management, and long term outcomes are detailed. Following the case report is a review of published reports and contemporary management strategies for treatment of acute air embolization. Dramatic clinical consequences can be aborted by prompt intervention including volume loading, oxygenation, lidocaine, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

关键词： 生理学   实验教学   探讨  

摘要： 在医学教育中，作为贯穿教学过程的指导思想，应是着重能力的培养，而非知识的灌输。生理学是医学中一门重要的实验性很强的基础主干学科。生理学实验教学的目的是通过实验课培养学生实际动手的能力和观察问题、分析问题以及解决问题的能力，培养学生严谨求实的科学态度和工作作风。几年来，我们对生理学实验教学进行了积极的探索，取得了一些经验和体会。

关键词： housing   laboratory dogs   activity   behaviour   outdoor kennel   animal model   welfare  

摘要： Laboratory dogs are mainly housed indoors and outdoor housing is often considered to be an insecure and uncontrollable alternative. This study aimed to assess the effects of outdoor housing of laboratory dogs on their general physiology, activity and activity-related behaviours. Eight male Beagles dogs were randomised into two groups and housed pair wise in indoor housing (IH, 11 m(2)), with or without access to an outdoor kennel (OH, 11 m(2)) during daytime. Activity (steps per hour), behaviour, and usage of outdoor facilities were recorded during 6 weeks in a cross-over design. In addition, the dogs were weighed once weekly and blood samples were taken three times a week to monitor physiological parameters for kidney, liver, pancreas and immune system functions. Four of the dogs were housed with access to outdoor kennel prior to the study and the other four had only been housed indoors. The effect of housing type and previous housing was analysed. OH resulted in a significantly higher activity level, a higher frequency of moving and a lower frequency of passive behaviour. Alanine amino transferase, white blood cell count, granulocytes and neutrophils were significantly higher in IH, while cholesterol was lower, compared to OH, although all physiological parameters were kept within normal ranges. The dogs spent on average 162 +/- 11 out of 500 possible min/day outside and the average frequency of entering the outdoor kennel was 102 +/- 7 times per day. The duration of time spent outdoors was significantly longer during the second and third weeks of OH, compared to the first week. In conclusion, laboratory dogs can be housed with access to an outdoor kennel without altering their general physiology. Further, it clearly increased the voluntary activity and activity-related behaviours of the dogs and should therefore be beneficial for their welfare. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： stem cells   transplantation   heart failure   electrophysiology   conduction  

摘要： To investigate whether stem cell transplantation affects ventricular electrophysiology in vivo, either autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells or skeletal myoblast cells were transplanted via a catheter into a doxorubicin-treated failing heart. Four weeks after transplantation, electrophysiological investigation showed that transplantation of either cell type prolonged the local activation time and increased the activation time dispersion. In the stem cell transplantation groups, a positive correlation was demonstrated between activation time dispersion and the number of stem cell-derived cells in the pacing site. It is concluded that transplantation of either mesenchymal stem cells or skeletal myoblast cells might exacerbate abnormalities of local ventricular conduction in the doxorubicin-treated failing heart. (c) 2006 International Federation for Cell Biology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 干细胞   电生理学   膜片钳术  

摘要： 目的:观察人骨髓间充质干细胞膜上钙离子通道的激活、失活峰值与离子通道选择性等电生理学特性,为研究干细胞在分化过程中离子通道变化奠定基础。方法:选择泸州医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉科2004-03/2005-04获得正常发育的人捐献的骨髓标本10例。采用梯度离心法和单层贴附培养法分离,纯化,获取人骨髓间充质干细胞,选取传代第1～2代生长活性良好的人骨髓间充质干细胞进行全细胞膜片钳的记录与分析。实验采用PC-IIB型膜片钳放大器(华中理工大学研制),由计算机发出指令经数字量数据/模拟量数据转换经放大器输出到细胞,细胞信号由放大器放大再经模/数转换后记录到计算机,保存在数字硬盘上供分析调读,记录与分析软件为IBBClamp,采样间隔100μs。通过设定不同的实验程序,记录通道电流的幅度,激活和失活电流的峰值与时程,离子通道的选择性,I-V曲线。结果:①纳入10例骨髓标本,8例成功分离、培养出骨髓间充质干细胞,2例培养出现细菌污染。②原代培养的骨髓间充质干细胞形态较均一,主要为梭形,其生长特点为:24～48h内贴壁,3～9d进入对数生长期,9～12d进入生长平台期。③在8例成功培养细胞中,有7例骨髓间充质干细胞可成功记录到离子通道电流,并均可记录到对Nicardipine阻断剂敏感的钙离子通道电流,该钙离子通道电流表现特点为:在阻断骨髓间充质干细胞膜上钠、钾电流后,当钳制为-90mV,膜上钙离子电流可被连续记录,从-110到-10mV持续钳制用10mV阶跃去极化,在-60mV获得钙离子通道的反转电流。结论:人骨髓间充质干细胞膜上用全细胞电压膜片钳可记录到钙离子通道电流,其电生理学特性符合非兴奋细胞膜上的钙离子通道特点。

关键词： 生理学   实验   教学   重要性  

摘要： 生理学是一门实验性很强的学科,本文通过阐述对生理学实验课课前准备、课堂教学、课后处理等各个教学环节的内容和要求,说明生理实验教学方法的重要性。

关键词： 运动生理学   网络课程   教学方法   课程设计  

摘要： 现代化的教学手段十分重视培养学生的自主学习能力,学生在网络上学习,缺少的是直接与教师面对面沟通的机会,很大程度上要靠自己来完成学习。针对这些特点,在设计运动生理学网络课程时,我们着重加强了课程素材的准备工作,重点放在增强视觉效果与互动方面,切实改善学生的学习环境,促进学习效率的提高。