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关键词： 植物生理学教学   实验课教学   教学改革   植物生理实验课   生物科学专业   生物学技术   综合性大学   组成部分  

摘要： 植物生理学是生物科学专业主干必修课,实验课教学是植物生理学教学的重要组成部分.随着生物技术与生命科学的飞速发展,有很多前沿领域的研究与成果不断渗透进入这一学科,因此其内容也在不断更新和充实.在这种时代形势下,对该学科的实验课内容、形式及模式进行更新、调整或改革以让学生尽可能多地掌握现代生物学技术,与今后的实际工作中尤其是继续从事科学研究的要求不脱节,是很多高校同仁的共识.我校作为一所综合性大学,我们根据本学校的实际情况,对植物生理实验课教学内容进行了更新与改革,现就大家关注的几个方面的具体做法,与同行们切磋.

关键词： 植物生理学实验   实验教学   教学改革  

摘要： 从四个方面阐述了宁波大学植物生理学实验教学存在的问题和实验教学改革的措施。认为通过建设现代化实验室、改革实验教学模式、改进实验教学方法、改革实验考核方法可以提高学生的综合实验素质。

关键词： 病理生理学教学   实验教学改革   生理学实验教学   学生综合素质   医学基础理论课   实用型人才   医学高等院校   临床医学  

摘要： 病理生理学是一门医学基础理论课,它又是一门沟通基础医学与临床医学的桥梁学科.其重要性不言而喻.病理生理学实验教学是病理生理学教学中的重要组成部分.改革实验教学,培养适应社会发展,综合素质强的实用型人才,不但是病理生理学教学所面临的问题,也是医学高等院校培养新型人才的重要环节.本文通过对病理生理学实验教学进行探索性改革,达到提高学生综合素质能力的目的。[第一段]

关键词： 分子发育生物学   重点实验室   光合作用   中国科学院   环境适应   生理学   植物生长发育  

摘要： 中国科学院光合作用与环境分子生理学重点实验室成立于2001年12月，由光合作用研究中心、分子发育生物学研究中心和信号转导与代谢组学研究中心组成。主要研究方向是利用基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法研究光合作用过程中的传能转能机理、植物对环境应答、植物生长发育、信号转导的分子调控及其在农业生物工程上的应用等。实验室成立以来已在Nature、The Plant Cell、Plant Physiology、The Plant Journal以及Proteomics等国际著名刊物发表论文多篇。实验室在光合膜蛋白复合体结构与功能研究、光合作用对环境适应的机理研究、水稻根系发育功能基因研究、植物干细胞维持、花粉发育囊泡运输、青蒿素生物合成的分子调控等领域取得了一批重要成果。

关键词： Escherichia coli   Mutation   Oxidative Phosphorylation   Proton-TranslocatingATPases  

摘要： The physiological changes in an F-1-ATPase-defective mutant of Escherichia coli W1485 growing in a glucose-limited chemostat included a decreased growth yield (60%) and increased specific rates of both glucose consumption (168%) and respiration (171%). Flux analysis revealed that the mutant showed approximately twice as much How in glycolysis but only an 18% increase in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, owing to the excretion of acetate, where most of the increased glycolytic flux was directed. Genetic and biochemical analyses of the mutant revealed the downregulation of many TCA cycle enzymes, including citrate synthase, and the upregulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in both transcription and enzyme activities. These changes seemed to contribute to acetate excretion in the mutant. No transcriptional changes were observed in the glycolytic enzymes, despite the enhanced glycolysis. The most significant alterations were found in the respiratory-chain components. The total activity of NADH dehydrogenases (NDHs) and terminal oxidases increased about twofold in the mutant, which accounted for its higher respiration rate. These changes arose primarily from the increased (3.7-fold) enzyme activity of NDH-2 and an increased amount of cytochrome bd in the mutant. Transcriptional upregulation appeared to be involved in these phenomena. As NDH-2 cannot generate an electrochemical gradient of protons and as cytochrome bd is inferior to cytochrome bo(3) in this ability, the mutant was able to recycle NADH at a higher rate than the parent and avoid generating an excess proton-motive force. We discuss the physiological benefits of the alterations in the mutant.

关键词： fibroblast-like synoviocytes   hyperplasia   apoptosis   Fas   activation   attachment   extracellular matrix degradation   matrix metalloproteinases  

摘要： Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the joints that can cause severe disability. While the role of inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of RA has been well established, the specific contribution of resident cells within the synovial membrane, especially those of mesenchymal origin, has become the object of closer scrutiny only recently. The central position of these cells in the disease process of RA is underlined by their involvement in its main pathophysiological features: inflammation, hyperplasia and joint destruction. In this chapter, we provide a characterisation of resident mesenchymal cells, specifically fibroblast-like cells in the rheumatoid synovium, and give an overview of the molecular pathways by which these cells are involved in the initiation and perpetuation of RA.

关键词： Excitatory interneurons   Interneuronal connections   Neocortical module   Transmitter specialization  

摘要： Spiny stellate cells (SS) are an exclusive category of cortical interneurons and are the major component of intracolumnar, lateral, and callosal excitation of pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons in the neocortex. The axons of SS make contact with the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons, forming cartridge-type en passant synapses with them. SS establish recurrent connections with inhibitory interneurons and other SS, and also form autapse contacts. SS subtypes were identified and descriptions of their structure, neurochemical specialization, and spatial organization in the human and animal neocortex are provided. The results of our own studies, along with published data, are used to form a critical analysis of current concepts of the histophysiology of recurrent excitatory and inhibitory neurocirculation in cortical modules. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006.

ISBN: (纸本)781067949X

关键词： 放松整理活动   体育教学   教学建议   运动生理学   教学内容  

摘要： 放松整理活动是体育教学的最后环节,在教学中是否引起足够重视并真正落实到位,直接关系到锻炼效果的巩固和运动水平的提高,还会影响到学生身体和心理的健康发展。针对在体育教学中存在部分教师对放松整理活动认识不到位、做而不实的现实问题,主要强调放松整理活动的目的和作用,分析探讨放松整理活动的内容和方法,尝试性地提出几点开展放松整理活动的建议。

关键词： 电生理学特性   阿尔茨海默病   大脑皮质神经元   神经电生理学   原因未明   变性疾病   结构病变   进展综述   AD   检测  

摘要： 阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种原因未明的,主要侵犯大脑皮质神经元,引起痴呆的变性疾病.因为AD所产生的神经结构病变(NFT)同时引起神经电生理学特性发生相应的变化,所以通过神经电生理学特性的检测可以间接地对AD实行鉴别,即神经电生理学检测方法.现将近年来一些研究进展综述如下。