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关键词： 运动心理学   运动生理学   训练   心态   比赛  

摘要： 以运动生理学、心理学为论据,论证心理与生理的内在关系。提出比赛时青少年的心理状态是可以自我调控的,并且通过训练可达到提高成绩的目的。

关键词： FISHES   PHYSIOLOGY   CEREBELLUM   PURKINJE cells  

摘要： The cerebellum of the mormyrid fish consists of three major divisions: the valvula, the central lobes, and the caudal lobes. Several studies have focused on the central lobes and the valvula, but little is known about the caudal lobes. The mormyrid caudal lobe includes anterior and posterior components. The anterior caudal lobe is associated with the lateral line and eighth nerve end organs, whereas the posterior caudal lobe is associated with the electrosensory system. The present study examines the physiology and pharmacology of morphologically identified Purkinje cells and efferent cells in an in vitro slice preparation of the posterior caudal lobe. We found that the Purkinje cells in the posterior caudal lobe can be classified into three subtypes based on both their morphology and on their physiological responses to intracellular current injection and to synaptic inputs from parallel fibers and climbing fibers. Similarities and differences between the physiology of the caudal lobe and that of other regions of the mormyrid cerebellum and the mammalian cerebellum are discussed.

关键词： hepatitis C virus   cryoglobulinemia   lymphoma   epidemiology   pathophysiology   treatment  

摘要： Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown in epidemiologic studies to be associated with immune system disorders. Primarily disorders that stem from B-cell regulatory control disturbance, such as mixed cryoglobulinemia, (MC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The causative role of HCV in these disorders is supported by the response to anti-viral treatment. The understanding of the pathophysiological process leading from HCV infection to B-cell clonal expansion has improved significantly. Data supports an antigen-driven indirect stimulation of clonal expansion model, leading from,oligoclonal to monoclonal expansion and in some instances to frank malignancy. HCV-E2 antigen has been suggested as a candidate antigen as well as NS3. Binding of the B-cell receptor by viral antigens coupled with direct binding of CD-81 by HCV-E2 has been shown to provide a strong proliferative signal. Additional regulatory elements are also affected in HCV-related B-cell clonal expansion, including the Fas and BLyS signaling mechanisms. Finally, genetic events such as bcl-2 rearrangement may also be involved in clonal expansion. In this review, evidence linking HCV with MC and NHL, as well as known events in the pathophysiological process are described. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE   TRANSCRIPTION   EXPRESSION   CANCER   RESISTANCE   GENOME   KINASE   GENES   CYCLE   WHI5  

摘要： Aneuploidy is a condition frequently found in tumor cells, but its effect on cellular physiology is not known. We have characterized one aspect of aneuploidy: the gain of extra chromosomes. We created a collection of haploid yeast strains that each bear an extra copy of one or more of almost all of the yeast chromosomes. Their characterization revealed that aneuploid strains share a number of phenotypes, including defects in cell cycle progression, increased glucose uptake, and increased sensitivity to conditions interfering with protein synthesis and protein folding. These phenotypes were observed only in strains carrying additional yeast genes, which indicates that they reflect the consequences of additional protein production as well as the resulting imbalances in cellular protein composition. We conclude that aneuploidy causes not only a proliferative disadvantage but also a set of phenotypes that is independent of the identity of the individual extra chromosomes.

关键词： K^+   离子通道   结肠   肾脏   胃   近端小管   壁细胞  

摘要： K^+通道在上皮细胞内以极化的方式表达,形成一个庞大的膜蛋白家族。出于对主要依赖Na^+-K^+-ATPase而维持的细胞内跨膜K^+梯度的考虑,K^+通道在跨上皮细胞转运中的主要作用为:膜电位生成和K^+循环。本文以肾近端小管和胃壁上皮细胞转运为例简要阐述了K^+通道的作用。在这两个组织中,K^+通道活性限速跨上皮细胞转运,调节细胞体积。近年来,药理学工具和转基因动物的实验证实了对K^+通道的原先认知,并将研究深入到分子水平。K^+通道的分子结构挑战高亲和力药物分子的设计,及其多组织同时表达的两个典型特征阻碍了高活性、组织特异性小分子治疗的进展。然而,抑制K^+通道能阻断胃酸分泌等病理生理机制的深入研究,促进K^+通道药物用于胃病治疗和作为肾脏转运抑制剂用于肾脏相关疾病治疗。

关键词： 案例教学法   口腔   解剖生理学   教学方法  

摘要： “案例教学法”(case method)又称“苏格拉底式教学法”(Socratic method),是英美法系国家法学院最主要的教学方法。教师在课堂上通过对典型案例的解剖分析,组织学生有针对性地进行讨论,在实际案例中引导学生理解和掌握理论知识。它具有高度的拟真性、鲜明的针对性、学生的主动性、过程的动态性等特征。成功地解决了课堂教学中理论与实际脱节这一普遍存在的问题。口腔解剖生理学是口腔医学专业的重要专业基础课程,其内容与临床密切相关,[第一段]

关键词： 血液学   基础医学   委员会   中国病理生理学会   通讯   新闻  

摘要： 2007年3月下旬开始,我国各地广大实验血液学同行和会员们经酝酿并无记名通信投票,选举产生了35名中国病理生理学会第6届实验血液学专业委员会委员。新一届委员都是我国实验血液学方面或临床兼实验血液学研究方面绰有成就的知名专家,分布在全国12个大城市,年富力强,平均年龄48岁左右,其中大多数承担着国家和地区的重点科研项目,正进行创新性的开拓研究,是我国实验血液学当前的学科带头人。他们将使我国实验血液学专业的整体水平更全面地推向国际先进水平。第5届委员们将于今年11月由衷高兴地在长沙向第6届委员会交班。第6届实验血液学专业委员会的委员是:陈宝安、陈方平、陈赛娟、陈协群、陈幸华、陈竺、陈子兴、达万明、侯健、侯明、黄河、黄晓军、金洁、克晓燕、李建勇、李扬秋、廖灿、刘霆、马军、毛宁、裴雪涛、邱录贵、任汉云、阮长耿、王冠军、王健民、王建祥、王立生、王兆铖、吴德沛、肖志坚、杨默、于力、赵春华、邹萍等35名。今年5月,35名新当选的第6届委员通过网上酝酿提名,选举产生了常务委员、6名副主任委员和1名主任委员。当选的常务委员是:陈竺、陈赛娟、阮长耿、裴雪涛、赵春华、王建祥、黄晓军、陈方平,王健民、李扬秋、侯明、毛宁、邹萍、金洁、...

关键词： 生理学   实验教学   基础医学  

摘要： 生理学是医学院校不可缺少的一门基础学科,是一门实验性科学。生理实验在本科教学中有着十分重要的作用,它可以“补言教之不足,辅思索之未迨,习格物之技艺,明知识之由来。”也就是说生理实验课能够加深和巩固课堂所学知识,训练学生科学的思维方法和一些基本的操作技能,还能培养他们的科学精神和职业道德。[第一段]

关键词： 实验技术   学习机   研究型教学   生理科学   讲习班   生理学实验   验方   实验教学  

摘要： 我是1998年大学毕业后留校从事生理学实验教学的，我的生理学实验技术是由两位治学严谨的老教授传授的。应该说我也尽可能认真地学习和钻研，但自己经常还是会有疑问：其他院校是如何做生理学实验的？有些问题是如何解释的？

关键词： 生理学   教学改革   探索性综合性实验  

摘要： 生理学探索性、综合性实验有利于提高学生的系统综合和创新能力,为此,根据实验室现有条件,我们对传统实验教学进行改革,设计成为探索性综合性实验并在七年制学生中开展。该实验既与课本知识紧密结合,又与临床密切相关。实践证明,该实验使学生系统性掌握生理学知识的同时为他们临床分析解决问题奠定了基础。