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关键词： 生理学   实验教学   探索性实验设计  

摘要： 探索性实验设计的教学过程分为三个阶段:第一阶段由相关任课教师介绍探索性实验设计的一般原则;第二阶段由学生汇报实验设计并分组讨论;第三阶段对修改后可行性较强的实验设计由学校提供条件,学生进行实际操作实施。在这个过程中学生的动手实践能力和创新能力得到了锻炼。课后的问卷调查也表明学生对这种教学模式的认可。总结了教学过程中发现的问题,并针对这些问题提出了解决办法以提高教学效果。

关键词： 生理学   3R原则   实验教学  

摘要： 生理学是一门以实验为主的学科，生理学实验主要研究生命机体（人和动物）在正常及疾病状态下或药物作用下的生理功能、代谢变化及其发生、发展的规律^[1]。生理学实验课在培养学生综合素质方面有着不可替代的作用。通过实验课教学，能使学生的操作、观察、分析论证以及对理论知识的理解和灵活运用等能力得到显著提高。随着生理学实验的发展，生理学实验教学的安排更为合理，学生的学习也更为系统。

关键词： 解剖生理学   双语教学   教学改革  

摘要： 开展双语教学逐渐成为教育改革和发展的必然趋势。本文就人体解剖生理学双语教学实践中,从教材的选用、教学模式的探讨、评价机制、存在问题等方面进行了初步的探索和分析,为进一步深化双语教学改革提供建议和依据。

关键词： 设计性实验   机能学实验   教学改革  

摘要： 设计性实验是机能学实验中最重要的一个阶段,是一种模拟科研过程,由学生自行选题、大胆设计及探索研究的实验教学项目。以病理生理学为切入点,在2006级临床本科尝试开出的机能学设计性实验,结果表明通过设计性实验的开展有助于学生综合素质的培养和创新能力的提高,是未来机能学实验教学改革的重点。

关键词： Ambulatory Laboratory   Ecological Validity   Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder   Clitoral Blood Volume   Inhibition   Genital Measures of Sexual Arousal  

摘要： Introduction. Measuring under naturally occurring circumstances increases ecological validity. We developed an ambulatory psychophysiological laboratory that allows experiments to be performed at home. Aims. To compare institutional laboratory task measures with ambulatory laboratory task measures. Main Outcome Measures. Vaginal pulse amplitude (VPA), clitoral blood volume (CBV), subjective report of sexual arousal, preconscious attentional bias for erotic stimuli, subjective reports about feeling at ease, tense, anxious or inhibited. Methods. VPA and CBV were measured in eight women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) and eight healthy controls while exposed to neutral and erotic film clips both in the institute's laboratory and at home. Before and after film clip presentations, subjects performed an emotional Stroop task and completed two questionnaires. Results. In healthy controls, genital measures of sexual arousal were significantly increased at home compared with the institutional laboratory, whereas no differences were observed between the institutional laboratory and the at home measurements in women with HSDD. The responses at home were significantly higher in healthy controls compared with women with HSDD. Subjective experience of genital responding increased at home for both groups of women. Concordance between subjective experience and genital sexual arousal was more pronounced in the institutional laboratory setting. Preconscious attentional bias was stronger in the institutional laboratory for both groups of women. Healthy controls felt more at ease and less inhibited at home while subjects with HSDD did not. Conclusions. The use of an ambulatory laboratory is a valuable tool allowing psychophysiological (sex) research under more natural circumstances (e.g., a participant's home). In this study, the increase in ecological validity resulted in a qualitative differentiation between the healthy controls and the women with HSDD in the home setti

摘要： 由中华医学会神经病学分会肌电图与临床电生理学组、中华神经科杂志编辑委员会联合主办的第11届全国肌电图与临床神经电生理学术会议暨规范化研讨会拟定于2010年5月21—24日在云南省昆明市召开，会议将就单纤维肌电图、重复神经电刺激、脑诱发电位等议题展开讨论，并邀请相关专家进行讲座。欢迎广大肌电图和临床医生踊跃投稿。参会代表可获得国家级Ⅰ类继续教育学分10分。

关键词： 植物生理学   实验教学,设计性实验   摸拟教学法  

摘要： 设计性实验的开设能明显提高实验教学效果,并对增强学生的综合素质有重要作用.但如何开展设计性实验,诸多实践各有不同.以植物生理学设计性实验为例,对设计性实验的教学方法及过程进行较详细的论述,以探讨更好地实施设计性实验这一创新的实验教学方法.

关键词： 运动生理学   实验教学   教学改革  

摘要： 传统运动生理学实验教学侧重演示现象、验证理论，忽视对学生动手能力、思维能力、创新能力及综合素质的培养。因此，应改革运动生理学实验教学，将传授知识、培养能力与提高素质融为一体。

关键词： 生理学   生理实验   设计性实验   素质   能力  

摘要： 生理学实验课是一门重要的基础生物医学课程.文章分析了该课程中设计性实验对培养学生的综合素质和科研能力的重要性,指出了设计性实验特征及存在问题,提出了解决这些问题应采取的一些措施,提出了关于开展设计性实验的一些体会和思考.

关键词： cell volume   glycine   oocyte   osmolyte   preimplantation  

摘要： Preimplantation embryos are particularly susceptible to in vitro developmental blocks. These could be alleviated by lowering culture medium osmolarity. Because mammalian cells regulate their volumes by adjusting intracellular osmotic pressure, cell volume regulation could be critical to early embryos. We reviewed the literature on cell volume regulation in preimplantation embryos and the effects of increased osmolarity on embryo development, focusing also on the relation with improvements in embryo culture media. Embryos failed to develop from fertilized oocytes when osmolarity is increased. This could be alleviated by decreasing osmolarity or including certain compounds such as certain amino acids. Early preimplantation mouse embryos require intracellular accumulation of glycine to provide osmotic support and thus control cell volume. The glycine-specific transporter, GLYT1, mediates osmoregulated glycine accumulation in mouse embryos and likely in human embryos. GLYT1 is activated during meiotic maturation starting at ovulation. Prior to this, oocyte size is not independently controlled but instead is determined by strong adhesion between the oocyte plasma membrane and the inner surface of the zona pellucida. Early preimplantation embryos are particularly sensitive to increased osmolarity, and require the importation of glycine to regulate their cell volumes using a mechanism unique to early embryos. Cell volume regulation first appears when ovulation is triggered, oocyte zona pellucida adhesion is released, and glycine transport is activated. The requirement for supporting these physiological functions in oocytes and embryos should be taken into account when developing and improving systems for in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo culture.