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关键词： 运动生理学   抗缺血性损伤   中等强度耐力运动  

摘要： 为探讨中等强度耐力运动对心脏抗相对缺血性损伤的作用及其机制,采用6周耐力训练后注射大剂量异丙肾上腺素制作相对缺血性损伤模型,结果发现:注射异丙肾上腺素后2个药物组的大鼠心电图J点偏移(P<0.001)。中等强度耐力训练可以显著改善LVSP(P<0.001);缺血损伤后运动组心脏LVEDP显著低于安静对照组(P<0.05),提示运动干预可以促进左心室的功能恢复。运动组大鼠的血清cTnI水平和TNFα水平均非常显著高于安静对照组(P<0.001),运动预处理组的血清TNFα水平非常显著低于安静组(P<0.001)。耐力运动对心肌抗缺血性损伤具有良好的保护作用,可减缓cTnI降解(P<0.05)。Caspase 3蛋白表达与心肌细胞调亡率的变化趋势相似,提示运动干预具有下调Caspase 3蛋白表达的作用。结果说明:耐力运动可以对拮抗异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌细胞损伤,对促进心功能恢复具有良好的作用,其抗相对缺血性损伤的机制可能是中等强度运动训练有助于减缓cTnI降解和下调Caspase 3蛋白表达以减少心肌凋亡率。

关键词： 高职   人体解剖生理学   教学改革  

摘要： 新一代高职高专营养与卫生专业人才的培养要顺应社会的需求，应具有较高知识层次和较强动手能力。课程设计上不应模仿本科的教学模式，不以求全的学科知识为框架，不以高深、繁杂的理论为基础，以实用、够用为准。为了让学生更好掌握人体解剖生理学知识，本文从教师素质、备课、教学方法等方面进行改进，从而提高教学质量。

关键词： 中等技术学校   生理学   教学方法  

摘要： 由于生理学本身的抽象性和理论性,中等技术学校学生学习起来困难较大。教学中应通过运用各种方法,包括设置问题法,结合图片及动画,理论联系实际和临床等方法,增加学生学习兴趣,提高中等技术学校学生生理学学习的效果。

关键词： 中国生理学会   技术培训班   生理学实验   硕士研究生   动物行为学   分子生物学   青年教师   教育工作  

摘要： 为推动我国各类、各级院校生理学及相关专业青年教师和博硕士研究生掌握生理学实验和研究技术，中国生理学会定于2012年8月16—22日在山东省青岛市举办“生理学实验和研究技术培训班”。此次会议由中国生理学会继续教育工作委员会主办、青岛大学承办。培训班将介绍电生理、电化学、分子生物学及动物行为学实验方法，并提供动手操作机会。

关键词： 人体解剖生理学   基础药学   教学方法  

摘要： 人体解剖生理学是基础药学专业的重要基础课程之一,通过教学实践发现教学中存在的某些问题,如课时压缩,内容偏多;学生的重视程度不够;教学方法单一等,并提出一些针对性的教学建议。

关键词： 治疗原则   发明专利   偏瘫   药物   缺血性脑血管病   中西医结合   河北医科大学   神经电生理学  

摘要： 本发明专利是一种治疗偏瘫的药物及其制备方法。专利证号为ZL00119343．0，它是由河北医科大学第四医院神经内科刘教授依据西医发病机理和治疗原则及祖国医学现代理论，采用微量元素与中、西药配伍，应用最新工艺和神经电生理学现代新技术研制而成的一种预防和治疗缺血性脑血管病等各种原因所致的偏瘫的中西医结合方剂。

关键词： 植物生理学实验   教学改革   创新能力  

摘要： 在高校实验教学过程中,作者结合自身本科生植物生理学实验课教学经验,对该课程的教学改革以及学生实践技能和综合、创新能力的培养提出若干意见:1)狠抓"基础",重视基本实验技能的培养,保证学生了解实验基本原理、熟练掌握实验操作方法以及具有科学思维能力的基础上,开展综合性实验教学。2)注重"创新",强化综合实验技能,通过开放实验室,让学生接触运用先进实验仪器,同时参与教师的课题研究,激发学生的独立探究意识,培养学生科研能力。3)关注"细节",完善创新人才培养,创新改革过程中要逐步完善实验成绩评定体系,力求客观公正的评定学生综合实验能力,同时考虑实验材料经济性,遵循科学、简洁、安全、节约的原则,合理安排实验顺序。

关键词： virtual reality   teaching and learning strategies   PowerPoint-mediated communication   virtual microscopy  

摘要： Anyanwu GE, Agu AU, Anyaehie UB. Enhancing learning objectives by use of simple virtual microscopic slides in cellular physiology and histology: impact and attitudes. Adv Physiol Educ 36: 158-163, 2012;doi:10.1152/advan.00008.2012.-The impact and perception of students on the use of a simple, low technology-driven version of a virtual microscope in teaching and assessments in cellular physiology and histology were studied. Its impact on the time and resources of the faculty were also assessed. Simple virtual slides and conventional microscopes were used to conduct the same examinations for the same students. Students performed significantly better in the examination with the virtual slide and also showed a significantly higher preference for virtual slides. The time and cost implications of conducting examinations using the simple virtual slides were reduced by >1,400%. The results reemphasize the need for the design and adoption of simple sustainable technological innovations in developing countries to bridge gaps in purposeful learning environments.

关键词： active learning   collaborative learning   meaningful learning   mental model  

摘要： Berg RM, Plovsing RR, Damgaard M. Teaching baroreflex physiology to medical students: a comparison of quiz-based and conventional teaching strategies in a laboratory exercise. Adv Physiol Educ 36: 147-153, 2012;doi:10.1152/advan.00011.2012.-Quizbased and collaborative teaching strategies have previously been found to be efficient for the improving meaningful learning of physiology during lectures. These approaches have, however, not been investigated during laboratory exercises. In the present study, we compared the impact of solving quizzes individually and in groups with conventional teaching on the immediate learning during a laboratory exercise. We implemented two quizzes in a mandatory 4-h laboratory exercise on baroreflex physiology. A total of 155 second-year medical students were randomized to solve quizzes individually (intervention group I, n = 57), in groups of three to four students (intervention group II, n = 56), or not to perform any quizzes (control;intervention group III, n = 42). After the laboratory exercise, all students completed an individual test, which encompassed two recall questions, two intermediate questions, and two integrated questions. The integrated questions were of moderate and advanced difficulty, respectively. Finally, students completed an evaluation form. Intervention group I reached the highest total test scores and proved best at answering the integrated question of advanced difficulty. Moreover, there was an overall difference between groups for student evaluations of the quality of the teaching, which was highest for intervention group II. In conclusion, solving quizzes individually during a laboratory exercise may enhance learning, whereas solving quizzes in groups is associated with higher student satisfaction.

关键词： GLCM   chromatin   heterogeneity   light zone   dark zone  

摘要： In our study we investigated the relationship between conventional morphometric indicators of nuclear size and shape (area and circularity) and the parameters of gray level co-occurrence matrix texture analysis (entropy, homogeneity, and angular second moment) in cells committed to apoptosis. A total of 432 lymphocyte nuclei images from the spleen germinal center light zones (cells in early stages of apoptosis) were obtained from eight healthy male guinea pigs previously immunized with sheep red blood cells (antigen). For each nucleus, area, circularity, entropy, homogeneity, and angular second moment were determined. All measured parameters of gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were significantly correlated with morphometric indicators of nuclear size and shape. The strongest correlation was observed between GLCM homogeneity and nuclear area (p < 0.0001, r(s) = 0.61). Angular second moment values were also highly significantly correlated with nuclear area (r(s) = 0.39, p < 0.0001). These results indicate that the GLCM method may be a powerful tool in evaluation of ultrastructural nuclear changes during early stages of the apoptotic process.