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关键词： 植物生理学   实验   高等学校   教材   汉英  

ISBN: (纸本)9787562335979

摘要： 本书精选了涵盖水分生理、矿质营养生理、光合作用、呼吸作用、生长发育、植物生长调节物质、抗性生理学等实验原理和技术的18个实验项目；采用中英文对照的方式编写。附录部分包括各种常用数据表及常用仪器的使用方法等，可供读者查阅。本书吸收了植物生理学研究中新的实验技术和方法，在实验内容上体现了科学性和实用性。

关键词： Mice   Animal behavior   Food consumption   Earthquakes   Mouse models   Fear conditioning   Animal performance   Psychological stress  

摘要： A devastating earthquake and tsunami hit Japan on March 11, 2011, followed by several long and intense aftershocks. Laboratory mice housed in the Tokyo, located approximately 330 km south of this earthquake's epicenter, displayed remarkable changes in a variety of behaviors and physiological measures. Although unusual pre-earthquake behaviors have been previously reported in laboratory animals, little is known about behavioral and physiological changes that occur after a great earthquake. In the present study, the effects of Tohoku earthquake on mice behavior were investigated. "Earthquake-experienced" mice displayed a marked increase in food consumption without gaining body weight in response to the earthquake. They also displayed enhanced anxiety, and in a formal fear memory task, showed significantly greater tone-and context-dependent conditioned freezing. Water maze performance of earthquake-experienced mice showed the quicker acquisition of the task, faster swim speed and longer swim distance than the naive mice. Serum corticosterone levels were elevated compared to the naive mice, indicating that the earthquake and aftershocks were stressful for the mice. These results demonstrate that great earthquakes strongly affect mouse behaviors and physiology. Although the effects of a variety of experimental manipulations on mouse behaviors in disease models or in models of higher cognitive functions have been extensively examined, researchers need to be aware how natural phenomena, such as earthquakes and perhaps other natural environmental factors, influence laboratory animal behaviors and physiology.

关键词： 医学生理学实验   青年教师   教学体会  

摘要： 医学生理学实验是重要的医学专业基础课程,其对学生理解和掌握生理学理论知识,培养学生自学能力、操作能力、思维能力及创新能力至关重要。作为一名青年教师有以下几点体会:坚持听课,集体备课,做好课前准备;多渠道提高教学质量;实验过程中培养学生的职业道德。

关键词： 创设情境   合作学习   主动建构   教学实效性  

摘要： 如何将琐碎的人体解剖生理学知识高效地传授给学生,提高课堂教学时效性,是高职生物学课程教学中亟待解决的问题。为了改变以往那种教师"要我学"的课堂模式,变成"我要学"的课堂模式,笔者以脑科学理论为基础,以建构主义学习、发现学习等理论为依据,对程度相同的两个班分别采用讲授法和创设情境、合作学习的教学模式进行试验,探讨提高人体解剖生理学教学实效性的有效途径。

关键词： 治疗原则   发明专利   偏瘫   药物   缺血性脑血管病   中西医结合   河北医科大学   神经电生理学  

摘要： 本发明专利是一种治疗偏瘫的药物及其制备方法。专利证号为ZL00119343．0，它是由河北医科大学第四医院神经内科刘教授依据西医发病机理和治疗原则及祖国医学现代理论，采用微量元素与中、西药配伍，应用最新工艺和神经电生理学现代新技术研制而成的一种预防和治疗缺血性脑血管病等各种原因所致的偏瘫的中西医结合方剂。经查新资料证实，目前国内外尚无同名同成分产品，属国内外领先水平。

关键词： 药剂学学生   解剖生理学   教学方式  

摘要： 分析影响药剂学学生学习解剖生理学的客观因素,通过丰富教学方式和内容,提高学生对解剖生理学的学习主动性和学习兴趣,从而改善学习效果。

关键词： universities   curriculum   statistical analyses   sample size   plagiarism   ethics in publishing  

摘要： Goswami N, Batzel JJ, Hinghofer-Szalkay H. Assessing formal teaching of ethics in physiology: an empirical survey, patterns, and recommendations. Adv Physiol Educ 36: 188 - 191, 2012;doi:10.1152/advan.00010.2012.-Ethics should be an important component of physiological education. In this report, we examined to what extent teaching of ethics is formally being incorporated into the physiology curriculum. We carried out an e-mail survey in which we asked the e-mail recipients whether their institution offered a course or lecture on ethics as part of the physiology teaching process at their institution, using the following query: "We are now doing an online survey in which we would like to know whether you offer a course or a lecture on ethics as part of your physiology teaching curriculum." The response rate was 53.3%: we received 104 responses of a total of 195 sent out. Our responses came from 45 countries. While all of our responders confirmed that there was a need for ethics during medical education and scientific training, the degree of inclusion of formal ethics in the physiology curriculum varied widely. Our survey showed that, in most cases (69%), including at our Medical University of Graz, ethics in physiology is not incorporated into the physiology curriculum. Given this result, we suggest specific topics related to ethics and ethical considerations that could be integrated into the physiology curriculum. We present here a template example of a lecture "Teaching Ethics in Physiology" (structure, content, examples, and references), which was based on guidelines and case reports provided by experts in this area (e.g., Benos DJ. Ethics revisited. Adv Physiol Educ 25: 189-190, 2001). This lecture, which we are presently using in Graz, could be used as a base that could lead to greater awareness of important ethical issues in students at an early point in the educational process.

关键词： Cancer stem cells   Tight junction   Cell polarity   TEER (transepithelial electrical resistance)   Dilution potential   Paracellular transport   [H-3]- mannitol   Transwell filters  

摘要： Our understanding of the essential role played by cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells in epithelial cell-derived tumor types is rapidly advancing. Nevertheless, the identification and characterization of these cells pose a considerable challenge. Among changes in the epithelium in oncogenesis are changes in the permeability barrier, a phenotypic trait based on tight junction formation and function. Tight junctions regulate the movement of solutes, ions and water across the paracellular space. On a cellular level, they maintain cell polarity by limiting the lateral diffusion of membrane components. Depending on the type of epithelial tissue, the barrier characteristics with respect to electrical resistance, size and ion charge selectivity vary quite significantly. Thus, elucidating changes in expression of Claudins, an essential component of tight junctions, has become a very active area of investigation in oncogenesis. This chapter provides detailed protocols on how to quantify three aspects of tight junction physiology using in vitro cell culture systems that are particularly applicable to analysis and comparison of cancer stem cells and their normal counterparts.

关键词： Hair cell   Exocytosis   Synaptic ribbon   Hearing   Calcium   Synaptic protein   Synaptic vesicle   Pool   Ribeye   Active zone   Neurotransmission  

摘要： Hair cells mediate our senses of hearing and balance by synaptic release of glutamate from somatic active zones (AZs). They share conserved mechanisms of exocytosis with neurons and other secretory cells of diverse form and function. Concurrently. AZs of these neuro-epithelial hair cells employ several processes that differ remarkably from those of neuronal synaptic terminals of the brain. Their unique molecular anatomy enables them to better respond to small, graded changes in membrane potential and to produce unsurpassed rates of exocytosis. Here, we focus on the AZs of cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs). As in other hair cells, these AZs are occupied by a cytoplasmic extension of the presynaptic density, called the synaptic ribbon: a specialized protein complex required for normal physiological function. Some proteins found at IHC synapses are uniquely expressed or enriched there, where their disruption can beget deafness in humans and in animal models. Other proteins, essential for regulation of conventional neuronal Ca2+-triggered fusion, are apparently absent from IHCs. Certain common synaptic proteins appear to have extra significance at ribbon-type AZs because of their interactions with unique molecules, their unusual concentrations, or their atypical localization and regulation. We summarize the molecular-anatomical specializations that underlie the unique synaptic physiology of hair cells. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.