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关键词： Metabolic disorder   obesity   NEFA   folliculogenesis   oocyte developmental competence  

摘要： Objective: To study how long-term elevated non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations, typical in metabolic disorders such as obesity or type 2 diabetes, affect murine follicular development, follicle quality, and subsequent oocyte developmental competence in vitro. Design: Experimental study. Setting: In vitro culture setting. Animal(s): Female and male 13-day old, B6CBAF1 mice of proven fertility were sacrificed for harvesting ovaries and epididymal sperm, respectively. Intervention(s): Early secondary murine follicles were cultured in vitro in the presence of NEFAs until the antral stage (12 days). Treatments consisted of one or a mixture of NEFAs (stearic acid [SA], palmitic acid [PA], oleic acid [OA]) in physiological (basal) or pathological (high SA, high OA, high NEFA) concentrations. Main Outcome Measure(s): Follicular development;follicle and oocyte diameters;secretion of progesterone, estradiol, and inhibin B;and luteinized granulosa cell gene expression patterns were investigated. Oocytes from NEFA-exposed follicles were fertilized in vitro, and presumptive zygotes were cultured until the blastocyst stage. Result(s): Exposure to high SA reduced follicle diameters and day-12 antrum formation. Elevated NEFA concentrations changed luteinized granulosa cell messenger-ribonucleic acid abundance of genes related to energy/fatty acid/steroid metabolism, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. High NEFA and high SA treatments increased progesterone synthesis, compared with high OA follicles. Oocyte developmental competence was substantially reduced in oocytes retrieved from high OA-, high SA-, and high NEFA-exposed follicles compared with basal-treated follicles. Conclusion(s): This study showed, for the first time, that lipolysis-linked, elevated NEFA concentrations can potentially impair fertility, by altering follicular physiology and reducing oocyte developmental competence. (C) 2014 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.)

关键词： INTRACELLULAR pathogens   CHLAMYDIA trachomatis   CYTOSKELETON   MICROTUBULES   IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE  

摘要： The article reports on two papers that reveal new interactions between intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis and the host cell cytoskeleton. M. A. l-Zeer and colleagues examined the specific properties of the microtubules surrounding the inclusions that develop in C. trachomatis-infected Hep2 cells using immunofluorescence with antibodies specific for detyrosinated microtubules. Detyrosinated microtubules were much more abundant in infected cells than in uninfected one.

关键词： Poincianella pluviosa   Keratinocytes   Dermal fibroblasts   Polyphenols   Tannins  

摘要： Extracts from Poincianella pluviosa stem bark are used in traditional medicine of South America for its wound healing properties. For validation of this-traditional use and for rationalizing a potential pharmaceutical development towards standardized preparations bioassay-guided fractionation of EtOH-water (1:1 v/v) extract (crude extract, CE) of P. pluviosa bark was performed. HaCaT keratinocytes cell line and human primary dermal fibroblasts (pNHDF) were used as in vitro systems. Significant stimulation of mitochondrial activity was found for CE on both cell types, which caused a strong increase of cell proliferation of keratinocytes. Fractionation of CE over Sephadex LH20 revealed two inactive fractions (FA and FB) and an active fraction FC, which was further fractionated by MPLC into 4 subfractions. Subfraction FC1 increased mitochondrial activity and proliferation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in a dose dependent manner (10 to 100 mu g/mL) and did not show necrotic cytotoxicity on keratinocytes (LDH release assay). FC1 was investigated by ESI-MS/MS and solid-state C-13 NMR which confirmed the presence of various polyphenols and hydrolyzable tannins. MS studies suggest the presence of pyrogallol (1), gallic acid (2), gallic add methyl ester (3), ellagic add (4), corilagin (5), 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-glucose (6), tellimagrandin I (7), 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-glucose (8), mallotinic acid (9), tellimagrandin (10), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-glucose (11), geraniin (12), and mallotusinic add (13). (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 动物生理学   实验教学   教学改革   创新培养   高职院校  

摘要： 动物生理学是高等农业职业院校和高等农业院校畜牧兽医专业的一门重要的基础课程,而动物生理实验教学又是动物生理学教学中的一个重要组成部分,在培养应用型、技能型、创新型等人才方面起着重要作用。本文就动物生理学实验课教学改革的重要性、实验教学体系的改革等方面,对学生创新能力的培养进行了初步探索与实践。

关键词： 高职高专   口腔解剖生理学   多样化教学  

摘要： 根据高职高专培养目标,结合口腔解剖生理学特点及教学条件,灵活运用多种教学方法,将素质教育贯穿于整个教学中,注重学生的能力培养和综合素质提高,发挥口腔解剖生理学在口腔医学中的桥梁作用。

关键词： 口腔解剖生理学   教育理念   教学模式  

摘要： 通过对口腔解剖生理学教学改革进行探讨,优化教学方式,改变教学理念,采用指导性教学模式,对传统教学模式扬长避短,增加师生活动强度,并改变试卷考试单一的考核方法。不仅激发了学生的学习兴趣,锻炼了学生的动手能力,培养了学生探索创新的能力,提高了学生的专业素质,而且也有利于教师的理论素养和实践水平的提高。

关键词： 植物生理学实验   教学改革   预备实验  

摘要： 本文从教学内容、教学方法以及考核方式等三方面探讨了"植物生理学实验"课程教学改革模式,改变了传统的以"教"为主的教学模式,提高了学生的创新能力和实践能力。

关键词： 瑜伽练习   重新分配   运动生理学   练习要求   体位  

摘要： 为什么瑜伽体位练习要求饭后两到三小时再开始进行？为什么瑜伽练习后一两个小时后才能沐浴？为什么有人做了超出自身极限强度的练习后脸色苍白？……这一切，都与“血液的重新分配”这一运动生理学概念有关。

关键词： 先兆子痫   低蛋白血症   贫血   营养生理学  

摘要： 目的 探讨早发型子痫前期的临床特征。方法 选择早发型子痫前期患者（发病孕周＜34周）46例（A组），晚发型子痫前期患者（发病孕周≥34周）45例（B组），同时期产检正常孕妇（孕周＜34周）30例（C组），≥34周孕妇30例（D组）。检测并比较各组血清总蛋白（TP）、血红蛋白含量（Hb）、血细胞比容（HCT）。结果 A组TP、Hb、HCT显著低于B组，且A组TP、Hb、HCT显著低于C组，差异均有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）；C组血清TP、Hb、HCT与D组比较无显著性差异（ P ＞0．05）。结论 早发型子痫前期发生可能与低蛋白血症、贫血相关，改善孕期营养状况可减少其发生。

关键词： 植物功能基因组学   中国科学院院士   生理学家   棉纤维发育   细胞分化   拟南芥   美国康奈尔大学   生命科学学院  

摘要： 朱玉贤院士，1955年12月出生于浙江省富阳市，植物生理学家，1982年毕业于浙江农业大学，1989年于美国康奈尔大学获博士学位，后在华盛顿大学生物系从事博士后研究工作。1991年6月回国后一直在北京大学生命科学学院从事植物功能基因组学、