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关键词： 北京大学   肌电图   神经电生理  

摘要： 北京大学第三医院神经内科举办的"北京大学第十六届全国肌电图与临床神经电生理学习班"拟定于2019年9月23～27日在北京召开。本届学习班集中了北京大学临床电生理学领域雄厚的师资力量,并邀请国内知名专家共同参与授课。学习班内容:包括肌电图、神经传导测定、诱发电位等技术在神经系统疾病诊断治疗中的应用,以

关键词： PBL教学模式   案例教学   运动生理学   体育专业  

摘要： 《运动生理学》课程是高校体育院系开设的一门重要专业基础理论课和主干课程之一。它主要研究人体在体育活动和运动训练影响下结构和机能的变化,探讨人体运动能力发展的生理学机制,论证并确立各种科学的训练制度和训练方法。但是由于运动生理学这门课内容多且较为抽象,而体育专业学生基础文化知识较为薄弱。在学习中,存在学习枯燥乏味、难以理解、成绩普遍不理想的情况。为了改变这种现状,本文以江西师范大学2017级体育教育专业和社会体育专业的共166名学生为研究对象。其中以社会体育专业学生36人为预实验研究对象,而以体教1班42人、体教2班46人以及体教3班40人为正式实验研究对象。本次研究以《血液循环与运动》一章为例将PBL结合案例教学应用在《运动生理学》中,对实验组采用PBL教学法与案例教学结合授课,而对照组按传统教学模式教授,以便进行横向对比,从而分析PBL结合案例教学的教学效果。本研究通过问卷调查法、文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法得出以下结论:(1).PBL结合案例教学后实验组学生考试成绩好于对照组;(2).实施PBL结合案例教学使学生的学习能力及思维能力的有所改善,促进了良好学习习惯的养成。并增加了师生交流,增学生学习运动生理学中的自信心,以及对未来工作的信心。(3).实验组学生学习压力比对照组学习压力大;(4).Pbl结合案例提高了学生学习积极性,使学生在课堂是主体地位得到充分体现。(5).PBL教学结合案例提高了学生们学习的兴趣、积极性和创新能力,还有学生们的思考能力以及自主学习能力。

关键词： 生理学   BL-420N生物信号采集系统   实验教学  

摘要： 采用 BL-420N 生物信号采集系统,对生理实验进行教学。在2018级3年制高职临床医学专业学生中实施情况调查表明,新的实验教学手段能有效提高生理实验教学质量。本研究将《生理学》的BL-420N 生物信号采集系统实验教学与传统实验教学结合在一起,分析BL-420N 生物信号采集系统教学与传统实验教学的优势,探索基于实验教学中的《生理学》教学效果,构建《生理学》理论学习体系,对于提高学生的学习积极性和主观能动性、促进《生理学》课程学习具有重要的理论价值和实验技术指导意义。

关键词： 解剖   生理学   实验   互联网  

摘要： 结合多年教学实践经验,从七个方面简要介绍了药学类学生如何才能学好人体解剖生理学这门课程,对于学习人体解剖生理学的同学具有一定的指导意义。

关键词： 案例式   教学法   病理生理实验教学   应用探索  

摘要： 案例式教学法起源于上个世纪,在我国的应用时间并不是很长,但是推广使用的速度却比较快,已在病理生理学实验教学中得到了广泛的应用。该教学法在教学模式方面与临床教学模式有许多相似点,与传统教学模式比较起来,案例式教学法更直接的将知识传授给学生们,在知识的理解和课堂的互动方面有显著的优势。本文旨在分析该教学模式的特点,从而为探索病理生理学的教学研究提供新的思路和模式,对于提高病理生理学的教学也有重要的积极意义。

关键词： 人体解剖学   人体生理学   理论教学   建议  

摘要： 人体解剖生理学对生命科学专业的学生今后发展所能够起到的作用显而易见,只有当他们对人体形态结构、器官位置、器官功能、发展规律、运动规律等内容熟练掌握以后,他们才能更好地理解其它专业课内容。"庖丁解牛"向我们传达出的信息并不是说庖丁的解剖手艺有多么得好,而是他对于牛身上的结构、组织等内容充分地了解,所以才能如此地从容不迫。而且一个好的桥梁爆破专家也必然是一个优秀的设计师,对于桥梁的结构、受力情况有足够的了解,这样他们才能找到最脆弱的地方,完成爆破任务。而人体解剖生理学对于生命科学专业的学生而言就扮演着这样的一个角色。虽然这门课程在我国已经发展了很多年,但是在开展教学工作过程中仍然存在着很多的问题,比如课时分配不合理、教学内容老套、教学方式单一、教学理念落后、实践教学环节不受重视等,严重影响了人体解剖生理学理论教学工作作用的发挥。针对这种情况,本文给出几点建议,以期能够起到一定理论指导的作用。

ISBN: (纸本)9787571400354

关键词： Biology   Medicine  

摘要： Monogenic diabetes (MD), including permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) are rare conditions caused by mutations in specific genes. Most of those genes are known for their expression at early and/or late stages of pancreatic beta- cell development. The native population in Qatar continues to practice consanguineous marriages that lead to a high level of homozygosity. To our knowledge, there is no previous report on the genomics of MD among the Qatari population. The cellular basis of these mutations remains largely unknown due to lack of the models that can recapitulate the genotype-phenotype correlations. The aim of the current study was to identify patients with MD diagnosed between 2001 and 2016 and to use human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology to generate early stages of pancreatic beta cell development as a unique cellular model to recapitulate the disease. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) was used to investigate the genetic etiology in the monogenic diabetes cohort. Our results showed that the majority of cases of PNDM in Qatar were rare familial autosomal-recessive syndromes. Seven different mutations were identified with PTF1A deletion being the most common in the PNDM cohort. Novel mutations in the INS and HNF1B genes were detected. Since most of the mutations identified in this study are expressed at early stages of pancreatic beta-cell development, we aimed to establish a differentiation protocol using hPSCs to generate those stages. We have differentiated hPSCs into definitive endoderm, primitive gut tube, posterior foregut, and pancreatic progenitors with higher efficiency compared to the previously established protocols. hPSC-derived progenitors expressed high levels of PDX1 and NKX6.1, the key transcription factors for pancreatic beta cells. In conclusion, here we have provided the first comprehensive study to identify MD, among the Qatari population and generated early stages of pancreatic bet

关键词： 人体解剖生理学   实验教学   能力培养  

摘要： 在进入21世纪知识经济时代后,创新教育已经成为职业教育体系的重要理念,是高校培养学生形成较高文化素质的重要教学导向。根据目前已有的教学经验,如何将创新理念和创新化的教学方法融入中高职人体解剖生理学实验教学中成为该专业教师关心和探讨的重点问题。为了全面提高学生该专业的技术能力,分析当前人体解剖生理学实验教学中存在的问题,找到创新思路,并将创新的教学方法融入该专业教学中,以此强化学生核心素养,促进学生对该专业形成良好的认知能力。鉴于此,就人体解剖生理学实验教学中学生专业能力培养展开详细探讨,并提出具体的研究思路,供广大读者借鉴。

关键词： Biochemistry   Bioinformatics   Environmental science  

摘要： Freshwater is an imperiled finite resource because of constant threats from contamination and climate change. These forces expose freshwater microbiomes to pressures that jeopardize their survival. Consequently, we cannot predict the reactions of bacteria governing the water quality. For example, acI Actinobacteria numerically dominate freshwater lakes, but the adaptations that they employ to achieve this success have not been experimentally demonstrated. This work describes three physiological systems in acI Actinobacteria: 1) a retinal biosynthesis pathway that provides the chromophore for a functionally-characterized actinorhodopsin and, possibly, for a heliorhodopsin, 2) a complex carotenoid biosynthesis pathway that starts with retinal precursors in all acI clades, and 3) an enzyme that can cleave aspartate-leading dipeptides to free amino acids. All three systems were uncovered by examining acI single-cell genomes and metagenomes and detailing the pathways with chemical structures. The first was tested by heterologous production of enzymes in Escherichia coli and analysis of resulting chromophores by HPLC-MS, MS/MS, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Work confirmed that lycopene and retinal are produced and that retinal binds actino-opsin to form actinorhodopsin. Proton-pumping assays confirmed that the holoprotein creates a proton gradient in response to light. Metatranscriptomics showed that all identified pathway genes for the first and second systems were expressed in environmental acI, with actino-opsin transcripts hundreds of times greater than other transcripts. The third system was characterized by cyanophycin and aspartate-p-nitroaniline cleavage assays and X-ray protein crystallography. The enzyme cleaved the dipeptide ligand to free amino acids but could not cleave cyanophycin polymers. The 1.93 Å resolution structure displayed a canonical serine-histidine-glutamate catalytic triad. Although experimental progress on the physiology of acI has been made, work r