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关键词： 组织胚胎学   实验教学   翻转课堂   TBL教学   教学改革  

摘要： 目的探讨翻转课堂结合TBL的教学模式在组织胚胎学实验教学中的应用效果和成效。方法选取2017级和2018级4个预防专业本科班共173人为研究对象,每一级随机抽取1个班为试验组,另1个班为对照组。其中试验组共86人,对照组共87人。试验组实验课采用翻转课堂结合TBL教学模式,而对照组采用传统教学法。实验教学结束后,通过实验切片考核和问卷调查分析教学效果。结果试验组学生的实验切片考试成绩高于对照组,差异有显著性(P <0.05);试验组学生普遍认可翻转课堂结合TBL的教学模式,希望以后多开展。结论开展翻转课堂和TBL结合教学模式可以显著提高组织胚胎学的实验教学效果,全面提高学生的实验动手能力和综合能力。

关键词： 微信   翻转课堂   实验课  

摘要： 把微信引入到组织胚胎学实验课教学,提出微信支持的翻转课堂解决方案,并对具体课程进行教学设计和实施。微信作为一种很好的沟通手段,在组织学实验教学中进行了基于微信与翻转课堂结合的教学改革实践,实现以学生为中心的线上线下异步教学。结果显示,微信与翻转课堂教学模式的结合能增加学生的学习兴趣,有效提高学生学习的积极性、主动性,增强分析解决问题的能力,但对学习自律性要求较高。

关键词： 组织学与胚胎学   形成性评价   自主学习  

摘要： 目的:探究一个适合组织学与胚胎学教学的课程评价体系。方法:通过形成性评价体系在组织学与胚胎学教学过程中的尝试,教师从课前预习、课堂教学和课后复习三阶段对学生的学习行为进行督导,分层次、多形式的量化评价学生学习各环节。结果:期末问卷调查结果显示形成性评价体系的构成各要素在教学过程中的实施满意度高、效果显著。结论:多元化、全过程的评价体系能有效促进学生的自主学习行为。

关键词： 解剖学   肾   教学设计  

摘要： 对高职临床医学专业人体解剖学与组织胚胎学教学中"肾脏"这部分内容进行教学设计。在分析教材和学情的基础上,设计以学生为中心的教学实施方案,发挥教师引领作用,从课前预习、课堂参与、课后作业等多个环节培养学生学习自主性。综合运用多种信息化教学手段,有效提高课堂质量,达成教学目标。

关键词： 微课   人体解剖学和组织胚胎学   应用  

摘要： 人体解剖学和组织胚胎学是护理专业中尤为重要的一门基础学科,但是人体解剖学和组织胚胎学的教学内容十分丰富且结构较为复杂,存在很多专用名词,在学习和理解的过程中十分困难乏味。而微课的融入有效地缓解了这一问题。因此,本文就微课人体解剖学和组织胚胎学教学中的应用展开探析,了解并阐述微课在此方面的教学优势,并在其基础上进一步探讨微课在人体解剖学和组织胚胎学的具体应用,以期能够为提高教学效果和教学质量提供一定的借鉴。

关键词： cellular reprogramming   hypoxia inducible factor   metabolism   porcine   somatic cell nuclear transfer  

摘要： To improve efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), it is necessary to modify differentiated donor cells to become more amendable for reprogramming by the oocyte cytoplasm. A key feature that distinguishes somatic/differentiated cells from embryonic/undifferentiated cells is cellular metabolism, with somatic cells using oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) while embryonic cells utilize glycolysis. Inducing metabolic reprogramming in donor cells could improve SCNT efficiency by priming cells to become more embryonic in nature before SCNT hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha), a transcription factor that allows for cell survival in low oxygen, promotes a metabolic switch from OXPHOS to glycolysis. We hypothesized that chemically stabilizing HIF1-alpha in donor cells by use of the hypoxia mimetic, cobalt chloride (CoCl2), would promote this metabolic switch in donor cells and subsequently improve the development of SCNT embryos. Donor cell treatment with 100 mu M CoCl(2)for 24 hr preceding SCNT upregulated messenfer RNA abundance of glycolytic enzymes, improved SCNT development to the blastocyst stage and quality, and affected gene expression in the blastocysts. After transferring blastocysts created from CoCl2-treated donor cells to surrogates, healthy cloned piglets were produced. Therefore, shifting metabolism toward glycolysis in donor cells by CoCl(2)treatment is a simple, economical way of improving the in vitro efficiency of SCNT and is capable of producing live animals.

关键词： climate change   embryonic growth   global warming   mermaid's purse   oviparous elasmobranch   sharks  

摘要： Elasmobranchs are key to a healthy marine ecosystem but are under threat from human activities, such as destructive fisheries and shark finning. Embryos of oviparous elasmobranchs may be further challenged during development by rising temperatures and falling dissolved oxygen concentrations in their intertidal environment. However, the impact of climate change on survival and growth of oviparous elasmobranchs is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of temperature and hypoxia on the growth and survival of small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) embryos by incubating eggs in normoxia 15 degrees C, normoxia 20 degrees C, hypoxia 15 degrees C, or hypoxia 20 degrees C. Incubation under the elevated temperature increased the embryonic growth rate, yolk consumption rate and Fulton's condition factor at hatching, whilst decreasing the total length and body mass of newly hatched sharks. Under low oxygen conditions (50% air saturation) the survival rate ofS. caniculaembryos dropped significantly and the temperature-induced increase in Fulton's condition factor was reversed. Together, these data demonstrate both the individual and compound effects of elevated temperature and hypoxia on the survival and growth during early ontogeny of a ubiquitous, coastal elasmobranch,S. canicula.

关键词： endometrium   implantation   hypoxia   granules   RAB  

摘要： Implantation is initiated when an embryo attaches to the uterine lumina! epithelium and subsequently penetrates into the underlying stroma to firmly embed in the endometrium. These events are followed by the formation of an extensive vascular network in the stroma that supports embryonic growth and ensures successful implantation. Interestingly, in many mammalian species, these processes of early pregnancy occur in a hypoxic environment. However, the mechanisms underlying maternal adaptation to hypoxia during early pregnancy remain unclear. In this study, using a knockout mouse model, we show that the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (Hif2 alpha), which is induced in subluminal stromal cells at the time of implantation, plays a crucial role during early pregnancy. Indeed, when preimplantation endometrial stromal cells are exposed to hypoxic conditions in vitro, we observed a striking enhancement in HIF2 alpha expression. Further studies revealed that HIF2 alpha regulates the expression of several metabolic and protein trafficking factors, including RAB27B, at the onset of implantation. RAB27B is a member of the Rab family of GTPases that allows controlled release of secretory granules. These granules are involved in trafficking MMP-9 from the stroma to the epithelium to promote lumina! epithelial remodeling during embryo invasion. As pregnancy progresses, the HIF2 alpha-RAB27B pathway additionally mediates crosstalk between stromal and endothelial cells via VEGF granules, developing the vascular network critical for establishing pregnancy. Collectively, our study provides insights into the intercellular communication mechanisms that operate during adaptation to hypoxia, which is essential for embryo implantation and establishment of pregnancy.

关键词： 微信公众平台   人体解剖学   组织胚胎   辅助教学  

摘要： 随着本次疫情的爆发,各大公众平台辅助线上教学成为了目前教学的重要教学形式。因此,本文对微信公众平台辅助高职人体解剖学和组织胚胎学的教学过程进行简要分析,明确微信公众平台辅助教学的优点以及存在的问题,期望能够促进微信公众平台在人体解剖学和组织胚胎学的教学过程当中有着更好的效果,提高整体教学质量。

关键词： 案例教学法   组织学与胚胎学   典型性   思维模式  

摘要： 文章简要介绍了案例教学法以及组织学与胚胎学,阐述了案例教学法在组织学与胚胎学中的教学准备,指出了案例教学法在组织学与胚胎学中的应用要素,并对文章研究内容进行小结。