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关键词： Foxbase语言   实用程序   SPACE   数据库结构   学生成绩   成绩统计   教研室   管理作用   组织胚胎学   使用情况  

摘要： 随着微机的普及,电脑的管理作用日益渗透到我们生活的每一领域。但是,综观我院各教研室的微机使用情况,其功能远没有得到充分的利用。其中固然存在一些硬件或软件方面的原因,但决非是在目前的条件下难有作为,关键的问题是结合工作需要、编制一些实用程序。

关键词： 胚胎   肾上腺皮质组织   移植术   治疗   哮喘   配合  

摘要： 慢性支气管哮喘是一种慢性剥脱性嗜酸性支气管炎,哮喘的病因与过敏反应、感染、植物神经功能失调、内分泌异常等因素有关。我们调查了100例哮喘患者,发现有22％的病人血清皮质醇降低,而激素依赖型和慢性长期哮喘患者更明显,且这些患者的肾上腺机能低下不易得到改善。

关键词： Animals   Cell Differentiation   Cell Fusion   Mesoderm   Metalloendopeptidases   Morphogenesis   Phenylalanine   Protease Inhibitors   Research Support   U.S. Gov't   P.H.S.   Sea Urchins   Thiophenes  

摘要： The primary mesenchyme cells of the sea urchin embryo construct an elaborate calcareous endoskeletal spicule beginning at gastrulation. This process begins by ingression of prospective primary mesenchyme cells into the blastocoel, after which they migrate and then fuse to form a syncytium. Skeleton deposition occurs in spaces enclosed by the cytoplasmic cables between the cell bodies. Experiments are described which probe the role of proteases in these early events of spicule formation and their role in the continued elaboration of the spicule during later stages of embryogenesis. We find that several inhibitors of metalloproteinases inhibit the continuation of spiculogenesis, an effect first reported by Roe et al. (Exp. Cell Res. 181, 542-550, 1989). A detailed study of one of these inhibitors, BB-94, shows that fusion of primary mesenchyme cells still occurs in the presence of the inhibitor and the formation of the first calcite granule is not impeded. Continued elaboration of the spicule, however, is completely stopped;addition of the inhibitor during the active elongation of the spicule stops further elongation immediately. Removal of the inhibitor allows resumption of spicule growth. The inhibition is accompanied by almost complete cessation of massive Ca ion transport via the primary mesenchyme cells to the spicule. The inhibitor does not prevent the continued synthesis of several spicule matrix proteins. Electron microscopic examination of inhibited primary mesenchyme cells shows an accumulation of characteristic vesicles in the cytoplasm. Gel zymography demonstrates that although most proteases in homogenates of primary mesenchyme cells are not sensitive to I he inhibitor in vitro, a protease of low abundance detectable in the medium of cultured primary mesenchyme cells is inhibited by BB-94. We propose that the inhibitor is interfering with the delivery of precipitated calcium carbonate and matrix proteins to the site(s) of spicule growth. (C) 1998 Academic

关键词： 纤维连接蛋白   蛋白印迹法   免疫印迹法   着床  

摘要： 为了探讨纤维连接蛋白(FN)在胚胎着床中的作用,本研究应用蛋白印迹和免疫印迹法检测小鼠孕3、5、7、15天子宫内膜及未妊娠小鼠子宫内膜组织中FN蛋白表达量,对免疫印迹法结果进行VDS扫描半定量分析后发现:与未妊娠小鼠相比,妊娠各期小鼠子宫内膜组织中FN蛋白表达量明显升高,其高峰在着床后的孕7天,直至孕15天.这一结果说明,在着床前,小鼠子宫内膜细胞外基质已发生变化,FN表达增高以利胚胎着床,而着床这一过程又加剧细胞外基质的变化,使FN在着床后表达到高峰,着床完成后,细胞外基质趋于稳定,FN又有所下降.本研究还用以上方法测定了人早孕胚囊平均直径在7～25mm(相当于孕35～49天)时的蜕膜组织中FN的表达,发现孕35～49天各期蜕膜组织中的FN表达量无差异,但均明显较未孕组高,说明人胚胎着床后,FN表达也明显增多,并到一定程度后趋于稳定.FN在着床前后的活跃变化说明它与着床有密切关系.

关键词： activin   Cynops pyrrhogaster   endoderm   organizer   secondary axis  

摘要： The differentiation and organizer activity of newt ectoderm treated with activin A was studied in explantation and transplantation experiments. In the explantation experiments, ectoderm dissected from late morulae-early gastrulae stage embryos treated with a high concentration of activin A (100 ng/mL) formed only yolk-rich endodermal cells. Mesodermal tissues, such as notochord and muscle, were seldom found in these explants. When they were transplanted into the blastocoele of other early gastrulae, they formed part of the endoderm of the host embryo and induced a secondary axis with only posterior characters (including axial mesoderm and neural tissues). In contrast, whole secondary axes were induced when activin-treated ectoderm was transplanted into the ventral marginal zone (VMZ) of early blastulae. The transplanted pieces invaginated by themselves and differentiated into foregut structures including pharynx, stomach, and liver. These phenomena were also observed in experiments in which presumptive foregut was used instead of activin-treated ectoderm. These findings show that activin-treated ectoderm can act as the complete organizing center in Cynops.

关键词： Arabidopsis embryo   cell fate   self-perpetuation   shoot meristem   stem cells  

摘要： Postembryonic development in higher plants is marked by repetitive organ formation via a self-perpetuating stem cell system, the shoot meristem, Organs are initiated at the shoot meristem periphery, while a central zone harbors the stem cells. Here we show by genetic and molecular analyses that the ZWILLE (ZLL) gene is specifically required to establish the central-peripheral organization of the embryo apex and that this step is critical for shoot meristem self-perpetuation. zll mutants correctly initiate expression of the shoot meristem-specific gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS in early embryos, but fail to regulate its spatial expression pattern at later embryo stages and initiate differentiated structures in place of stem cells, We isolated the ZLL gene by map-based cloning. It encodes a novel protein, and related sequences are highly conserved in multicellular plants and animals but are absent from bacteria and yeast. We propose that ZLL relays positional information required to maintain stem cells of the developing shoot meristem in an undifferentiated state during the transition from embryonic development to repetitive postembryonic organ formation.

关键词： 蒙古绵羊   胚胎发生   神经器官   感觉器官   组织发生  

摘要： 蒙古绵羊胚胎发生到１４～１７ｄ（Ｅｍｂｒｙｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ１４～１７ｄａｙｓ，Ｅ１４～１７ｄ．）胚长１～３ｍｍ（Ｅｍｂｒｙｏｌｅｎｇｔｈ１～３ｍｍ，Ｅｌ１～３ｍｍ）。原结前方的神经板分化成神经沟，神经沟两侧的神经皱相互吻合成神经管。Ｅ１８～３０ｄ，Ｅｌ３～１５ｍｍ。神经管前段膨大成初级脑泡，进而分化成５个脑泡（即端脑胞、间脑泡、中脑泡、后脑泡及末脑泡），并显示出头曲、桥曲及颈曲。Ｅ２１～３１ｄ，神经管已分化出室管膜层、外套层、边缘层、脊神经节、脊神经及交感神经链。Ｅ１７～３０ｄ，１２对脑神经的原基逐渐发生，其中视神经及听神经发生较早，嗅神经发生较晚。Ｅ１８～３０ｄ，间脑两侧的视泡分化成视杯，视网膜原基发生。视区的外胚层又分化出晶状体及角膜。菱脑两侧的外胚层内陷形成耳泡，进而分化出内淋巴导管、椭圆囊、球囊、半规管及耳蜗的原基。Ｅ２０ｄ以后，在额鼻突的吻端，鼻板内陷形成鼻道。Ｅ２９ｄ，鼻道背侧的间充质内开始出现嗅神经纤维的原基。

关键词： 胚胎   肠上皮   组织发生机制  

摘要： 胚胎肠上皮的组织发生机制之研究进展基础医学院组胚教研室曾小川，综述，汪维伟，审校中图分类号Ｒ３２．１对胚胎肠上皮的组织发生机制的研究，不仅有利于我们更深入地认识肠正常形态结构的发生，而且有利于我们对肠狭窄或闭锁等畸形的研究。早在本世纪初，就有关于脊推...

关键词： 胚胎组织   肌肉瘤   脓性中耳炎   外耳道息肉   外耳道肿物   消化道出血   横纹   眼睑闭合不全   儿童和少年   根治术  

关键词： 计算机辅助教学   组织胚胎学   考试  

摘要： 在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ平台下ＶＢ编程制作组胚总论实验考试ＣＡＩ软件，以临床医学本科９５级为对照组，９６级为实验组。在９６级应用ＣＡＩ软件进行组胚总论实验考试。两个年级各取两个自然班实验考试成绩进行统计学处理，结果Ｐ〉０．０５，说明应用计算机替代显微镜进行组胚总论实验考试是可行的，是一种很实用的考试方法。