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关键词： 爪蟾   胚胎   原肠中期   背方   中胚层   组织分化  

摘要： 原肠中期内卷的背方中胚层出现了分别控制脊索和肌肉发育的专一分子的区域化表达。为了研究这个时期的背方中胚层是否已经能够在脱离体内信号的情况下向预定命运分化,我们进行了预定脊索和预定肌肉组织的体外培养,以及两者的共培养,并检测了细胞表达组织专一性分子的情况。原肠中期的预定脊索区域和预定体节区域都能在体外分化成相应的组织——空泡化的脊索和肌细胞,但脊索只能微弱表达其功能分子Shh,肌细胞不能形成肌节。预定脊索区域和预定肌肉区域的共培养也无法增强脊索表达Shh和促进肌细胞形成肌节。我们的结论是,原肠中期内卷的中胚层细胞已经具有了朝预定命运独立分化的能力,但进一步形成功能和结构都完整的相应组织可能还需要周围组织的作用。

关键词： 肥大细胞   平滑肌   胶原   染色方法   组织胚胎学  

摘要： 本文将甲苯胺蓝染肥大细胞与苦味酸·丽春红G染平精肌和腔原两种方法结合起来．使肥大细胞、平滑肌和腔原可以在同一张组织切片上同时显示出来．为从形态学上研究三者关系提供方便。

关键词： 解剖学   目标教学   医学   教育  

摘要： 现在中等卫生学校正在进行及推广使用目标教学法,尤其是以布卢姆(B.S Bloom 1913-)的教学理论体系为指导的教学方法.目标教学是强调师生在教学双边活动中合作完成教学目标,要求将教师,学生,教育内容,教育手段四方面有机的结合起来并使之有效运转的纽带.特别是科学技术飞速发展的今天,新知识,新技术不断涌现对传统的教育思想产生了一定程度的冲击.由过去的“教”为主体到“教”,“学”并重.但也并不是完全抛弃传统教学模式,需要继承传统教学模式中优异的部份,而如何在传统教学模式的基础上寻找更为科学的教学体系并与目标教学接轨这就是一个难题.目标教学的模式核心观点就是(1)任何一名学生只要能得到足够的时间而他又能真正利用这些时间去学习,就能完成学习课程.(2)学生学习目标达成度的差异,是由学生“所需学习时间量”和“实际学习时间”的差异所造成.而进行目标教学的最大难度就在于时间,尤其是基础医学教育学科所分配的课时数却在不断减少,而我们就要充分运用教学中有限的时间极大限度地提高学习效率.以下我就如何提高课堂吸收率提出我的几点看法.我校是在1994年开始推广目标教学法1995-1996学年开始在护理专业的《解剖学及组织胚胎学》教学中开始运用.

关键词： goblet cells   chick embryo   gut   oligosaccharides   lectin histochemistry  

摘要： The anlage of duodenum, ileum and colon were removed from chick embryos of day 8-21 of incubation and from 1-day-old chicks. A battery of seven different horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins (PNA, SEA, DBA, Con A, WGA, LTA and UEAI) was used to study the carbohydrate residues of the glycoconjugates in the goblet cells of the three parts of the intestine. The main results can be summarized as follows: differences in lectin binding were absent in the proximal and distal parts of the duodenum, ileum and colon, Lectin histochemistry showed differences among the three intestinal segments for the time of appearance of the oligosaccharides in the goblet mucus. In the colonic goblet cells of 1-day-old chicks, LTA and UEAI lectins showed two different types of linkage of alpha-L-fucose, This is the first demonstration of UEAI reactive sites in Gallus domesticus.

关键词： calcium current   cardiomyocytes   conduction block   discontinuous conduction   embryonic stem cells   embryoid body   microelectrode array   nimodipine  

摘要： Three-dimensional cell aggregates (embryoid bodies, EBs) containing clusters of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes were derived from permanent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Extracellular recordings of the population action potentials of cardiomyocyte clusters were made using permanently mounted silver wire electrodes and microelectrode arrays integrated into the bottom of the culture dish. These techniques allowed long-term recordings (for up to several weeks) from individual EBs under cell culture conditions. The normal electrical activity consisted of regular spiking with a frequency of 0.5-5 Hz. However, most EBs (87%) spontaneously developed temporary or persistent complex activity patterns because of intermittent block of action potential propagation at narrow pathways connecting larger beating areas. Similar propagation blocks could also be reversibly induced in regularly spiking EBs by nimodipine (NDP). In addition to a slowing of pacemaker activity, NDP (20-200 nM) induced a stepwise decrease of the action potential frequency at the recording site. Perforated patch-clamp recordings from enzymatically isolated ES-cell-derived cardiomyocytes showed that similar activity patterns do not occur at the single-cell level. We suggest that this novel approach may provide a useful tool for in vitro studies of chronotropy and phenomena of propagation failure similar to AV block.

关键词： 人体组织学:人体胚胎学   实验   医学院校   教材   人体胚胎学:人体组织学   实验   医学院校   教材  

ISBN: (纸本)7800209563