教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： 模拟练习   人体解剖学与组织胚胎学   中央电大   中央广播电视大学   化学性突触   左冠状动脉   硬膜外隙   硬脊膜   肾单位   突触前膜   前室间支  

摘要： 1名词解释(1)椎间盘 (2)胃底腺(3)胸膜腔 (4)上运动神经元(5)硬膜外隙 (6)胎盘膜(定义、组成)

关键词： 模拟练习   人体解剖学与组织胚胎学   中央电大   中央广播电视大学   小腿肌   促肾上腺皮质激素细胞   三级绒毛干   生长激素细胞   初级绒毛   肝门静脉   色素上皮   视锥细胞   腹膜腔   腹腔   腓骨颈   细胞内   功能层   视杆细胞   腓浅神经   结缔组织   动物组织  

摘要： 1名词解释(1)腹膜腔(2)骨髓(3)纤维束(4)毛乳头(结构特点、意义)

关键词： 知识竞赛活动   组织胚胎学   教学   促进作用  

摘要： 组织胚胎学作为一门形态学科,有大量形态描述.不同组织、器官的结构之间缺乏相互联系 ,学生感觉枯燥乏味,难以记忆,这些特点都增加了学生学习的难度.如何将枯燥乏味的内容以生动活泼的形式展示给学生?如何激发学生的学习兴趣、调动学生的内在潜力?如何帮助他们从'死记硬背'转向'理解记忆'?如何让学生真正体会到这门基础课的重要性,达到 '学以致用'的目的?显的尤为重要.为此,我们在2000级社区医学专科班和临床医学成人专科班的组织胚胎学教学过程中,利用学生课外时间,举办了一场组织胚胎学知识竞赛活动 .结果报告如下.

关键词： 自然流产   胚胎组织   生殖支原体   检测   套式PCR  

摘要： 目的:探讨生殖支原体(MG)感染与自然流产的关系。方法:收集自然流产者胚胎组织54例为自然流产组;另取40例人工流产者胚胎组织为对照组。采用套式PCR方法对两组标本进行生殖支原体检测。结果:流产组MG阳性9例,阳性率16.7％;对照组无MG阳性检出,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:自然流产与MG感染有密切关系。

关键词： 高等医药院校   局部解剖学   医学教学   大学出版社   教育出版社   主编   组织胚胎学   彩色图谱   科学技术   卫生  

摘要： 眼科应用解剖学/李秋明,郑广瑛著.-郑州:河南医科大学出版社,2002.04.-376页:26cm.-ISBN 7-81048-479-6:■79.00美容局部解剖学/王向义主编.-北京:人民卫生出版社,2002.07.-310页;26cm.-全国高等医药院校教材.-ISBN 7-117-04855-7:■34.00组织胚胎学彩色图谱/石玉秀,邓纯忠等主编.-上海:上海科学技术出版社,2002.06.-109页:26cm.

关键词： 实验课教学   《组织学与胚胎学实验报告》   设计   应用  

摘要： 根据卫生部规划教材、教学大纲的要求以及实验教学实际,结合我们的教学经验,我们设计与编著了<组织学与胚胎学实验报告>(简称<实验报告>).<实验报告>为实验教学的辅助教材,它客观、全面地反映了实验教学后学生的实验结果,而且学生通过组织切片和电镜图片观察,对学生的观察能力与推理能力和基本技能得到了全面训练.书中还设计了培养学生自学能力的'教材精读释义','临床病例讨论','图片叙述说明','专业英语词汇'等内容.因此,<实验报告>在实验教学中的应用,既是实验记录或报告的一种形式,又是一本观察能力与推理能力训练、自学能力培养的实践用书.现将我们对<实验报告>设计的内容与应用结果作一报道,供读者和使用者参考.

关键词： NEP   E-NCAM   self-renewal   neuroblast   glioblast   development   astrocyte   oligodendrocyte  

摘要： Lineally related multipotent neuroepithelial cells (NEP), neuronal restricted precursors (NRP), and glial restricted precursors (GRP) have been identified in the spinal cord. To determine the sequence of differentiation and identify lineage and stage-specific markers, we have examined the spatiotemporal expression of established glial markers during rodent embryonic development and within fetal cell culture. In this report, we show that proliferating stem cells in the developing neural tube do not express any glial markers at E10.5. By E11, however, glial precursors have begun to differentiate and at least two regions of the ventral neural tube containing glial precursor cells can be distinguished, an Nkx2.2/Neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) domain and a platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRalpha)/Olig2/Sox10 domain. Radial glia, as identified by RC1 immunoreactivity, develop in concert with other glial precursors and can be distinguished by their morphology, spatial distribution, and antigen expression. Astrocytes as assessed by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity are first detected at E16. A novel dorsal domain of CD44 immunoreactivity that can be distinguished from the more ventral glial precursor domains can be detected as early as E13.5. Published 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger).

关键词： lung   pulmonary   FGF   BMP   Shh   differentiation  

摘要： Lung morphogenesis and differentiation require interaction between the epithelium and mesenchyme, which is mediated by diffusible molecules such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), and Shh. We have used mesenchyme-free culture to study the effects of these molecules on lung epithelial differentiation. We have tested the individual abilities of FGF1, FGF2, FGF7, FGF9, FGF10, and FGF18, as well as BMP4 and Shh to promote growth and specify distal. lung differentiation in mouse tracheal epithelium. The different FGFs exhibited distinct abilities to induce epithelial growth and the expression of the distal lung epithelial marker, surfactant protein C (SP-C), although all FGFs were able to induce expression of BMP4. Tracheal epithelium treated with FGF10 showed little growth and failed to express SP-C as measured by whole-mount in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. FGF1 treatment resulted in the strongest induction of SP-C. Treatment with BMP4 inhibited epithelial growth and differentiation and antagonized the stimulatory effects of FGF1. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous BMP4 signaling with Noggin protein did not inhibit growth or expression of SP-C but did increase the expression of the proximal lung markers CCSP and HFH4. Expression of Shh was not affected by any of the conditions tested. These results suggest that BMP4 does not signal epithelial cells to adopt a distal. fate but may regulate the expansion of proximal epithelial cells in the lung. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

关键词： Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus   secondary mesenchyme cell   cell lineage   gene expression   sea urchin  

摘要： In sea urchin embryos, four types of non-skeletogenic mesodermal cells are derived froth secondary mesenchyme cells (SMCs). Although determining the complete lineage of SMCs is currently a high-priority goal, specific markers for each type of SMC-derived cell in Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus are unavailable. To identify genes preferentially expressed in the various types of SMC-derived cells, we constructed a cDNA library of the archenteron isolated from late gastrulae. Both the 5' and 3' ends of 1,050 cDNAs randomly selected from 7,500 picked clones were sequenced. Based on the sequence at the 3' end, the cDNAs were grouped into 671 independent clusters. Among these, 605 clusters were analysed by whole-mount in situ hybridisation;28% (170 clusters) exhibited differential expression patterns, while 24% were ubiquitously expressed and 48% did not show any staining. Of 170 clusters showing differential expression patterns, 33 clusters were differentially expressed in SMC-derived cells. From these clusters, several genes were obtained that were specifically or predominantly expressed in each type of SMCs, including coelomic pouch cells in which specific expression patterns have not been reported previously, and hence will be useful for lineage studies. Furthermore, in situ hybridisation revealed the existence of a new type or subpopulation of SMCs distributed sparsely in the blastocoel.

关键词： FIR   PLANT embryology   AUXIN   CULTURES (Biology)  

摘要： The present study was conducted to improve the transition from proliferation to maturation in embryogenic cultures of Nordmanns fir. For that reason, chemicals reported to affect endogenous levels or activity of auxin were included in the growth media during maturation. The auxin antagonist PCIB reduced proliferation and promoted the development of numerous high-quality mature embryos in the tested cell lines. PCIB could not substitute for exogenously supplied ABA and the positive effect was only found when PCIB and ABA were used in combination. The effect of PCIB was dependent on the concentration and the application period. The auxin transport inhibitor TIBA also reduced proliferation, but had no positive effect on maturation. The auxin synergist phloroglucinol had the opposite effect of PCIB;proliferation was increased and no maturation was initiated. A lowered concentration of boron had no effect on proliferation but had some positive effect on maturation. The optimum protocol for PCIB application was strongly genotype dependent, and a general scheme that covered the tested cell lines could not be found. Overexposure to PCIB during maturation caused abnormal development of the mature embryos, which was revealed by a reduced number of cotyledons. These results suggest that endogenously produced auxin may be one reason for low or failing maturation of embryogenic cultures of Nordmanns fir, but also imply that auxin may play a critical role for proper development of cotyledons during the later stages of embryo maturation.