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关键词： 《组织学和胚胎学》   试题质量分析   护理学专业   考试成绩   试卷分析   成绩分析   考试试卷   可靠性  

摘要： 试卷分析包括4部分：考试成绩的有效性与可靠性，试题质量分析，成绩分析，提出问题及改进意见。其中试题质量分析至关重要。我们以2004级高级护理学专业《组织学和胚胎学》期末考试试卷为例，进行试题质量分析。

关键词： 组织与胚胎学   原版外文教材   双语教学   双语教材  

摘要： 目前在医学院校全面引用医学专业原版外文教材进行双语教学可能有一定的难度。本文认为,在一定时期内,采用原版外语教材改编的双语教材进行授课,可能更有利于现行双语教学的开展,并平稳过渡到应用原版外语教材进行教学,这可充分调动教师和学生参与双语教学的积极性,达到教与学相长的目标。

关键词： 法医物证学   胚胎组织   DNA检验  

摘要： 在性犯罪案件中,检验3个月以上流产胎儿、绒毛、羊水的案件较多,检验早期胚胎(8周内)的案件较少,现报道检验早期胚胎破获强奸致孕案1例.

关键词： p220(NPAT)   Histones   embryonic stem cell   Cell Cycle  

摘要： Human embryonic stem (ES) cells have an expedited cell cycle (similar to 15 h) due to an abbreviated GI phase (similar to 2.5 h) relative to somatic cells. One principal regulatory event during cell cycle progression is the GI/S phase induction of histone biosynthesis to package newly replicated DNA. In somatic cells, histone H4 gene expression is controlled by CDK2 phosphorylation of p220(NPAT) and localization of HiNF-P/p220(NPAT) complexes with histone genes at Cajal body related subnuclear foci. Here we show that this 'S point' pathway is operative in situ in human ES cells (H9 cells;NIH-designated WA09). Immunofluorescence microscopy shows an increase in p220(NPAT) foci in GI reflecting the assembly of histone gene regulatory complexes in situ. In contrast to somatic cells where duplication of p220(NPAT) foci is evident in S phase, the increase in the number of p220(NPAT) foci in ES cells appears to precede the onset of DNA synthesis as measured by BrdU incorporation. Phosphorylation of p220(NPAT) at CDK dependent epitopes is most pronounced in S phase when cells exhibit elevated levels of cyclins E and A. Our data indicate that subnuclear organization of the HiNF-P/p220NPAT pathway is rapidly established as ES cells emerge from mitosis and that p220(NPAT) is subsequently phosphorylated in situ. Our findings establish that the HiNF-PINT gene regulatory pathway operates in a cell cycle dependent microenvironment that supports expression of DNA replication-linked histone genes and chromatin assembly to accommodate human stem cell self-renewal.

关键词： 人体组织学   医学院校   教学参考资料   人体胚胎学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787810607957

摘要： 本书据组织学、胚胎学教学大纲要求，按人体各系统、组织设计学要点、习题、答案、专业词汇，以强化本学科的教学内容。

关键词： developmental plasticity   epigenetic adaptation   hypercapnia   hypometabolism   hypoxic ventilatory response  

摘要： We investigated the effects of sustained embryonic hypoxia on the neonatal ventilatory chemosensitivity. White Leghorn chicken eggs were incubated at 38'C either in 21% O-2 throughout incubation (normoxia, Nx) or in 15% O-2 from embryonic day 5 (hypoxia, Hx), hatching time included. Hx embryos hatched similar to 11 h later than Nx, with similar body weights. Measurements of gaseous metabolism (oxygen consumption, (V) over dotO(2)) and pulmonary ventilation ((V) over dotE) were conducted either within the first 8 h (early) or later hours (late) of the first posthatching day. In resting conditions, Hx had similar (V) over dot O-2 and body temperature (Tb) and slightly higher (V) over dotE and ventilatory equivalent ((V) over dotE/(V) over dotO(2)) than Nx. Ventilatory chemosensitivity was evaluated from the degree of hyperpnea (increase in (V) over dotE) and of hyperventilation (increase in (V) over dotE/(V) over dotO(2)) during acute hypoxia (15 and 10% O-2, 20 min each) and acute hypercapnia (2 and 4% CO2, 20 min each). The chemosensitivity differed between the early and late hours, and at either time the responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia were less in Hx than in Nx because of a lower increase in (V) over dot(E) and a lower hypoxic hypometabolism. In a second group of Nx and Hx hatchlings, the (V) over dotE response to 10% O-2 was tested in the same hatchlings at the early and late hours. The results confirmed the lower hypoxic chemosensitivity of Hx. We conclude that hypoxic incubation affected the development of respiratory control, resulting in a blunted ventilatory chemosensitivity.

关键词： Bactris gasipaes   tissue culture   clonal propagation   Picloram  

摘要： Background and Aims The thin cell layer (TCL) technique is based on the use of very small explants and has allowed enhanced in vitro morphogenesis in several plant species. The present study evaluated the TCL technique as a procedure for somatic embryo production and plantlet regeneration of peach palm. Methods TCL explants from different positions in the shoot apex and leaf sheath of peach palm were cultivated in MS culture medium supplemented with 0-600 mu m Picloram in the presence of activated charcoal. The production of primary calli and embryogenic calli was evaluated in these different conditions. Histological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analyses were conducted to study in vitro morphogenetic responses and genetic stability, respectively, of the regenerated plantlets. Key Results Abundant primary callus induction was observed from TCLs of the shoot meristem in culture media supplemented with 150-600 mu m Picloram (83-97 %, respectively). The production of embryogenic calli depends on Picloram concentration and explant position. The best response observed was 43 % embryogenic callus production from shoot meristem TCL on 300 mu m Picloram. In maturation conditions, 34 +/- 4 somatic embryos per embryogenic callus were obtained, and 45.0 +/- 3.4 % of these fully developed somatic embryos were converted, resulting in plantlets ready for acclimatization, of which 80 % survived. Histological studies revealed that the first cellular division events occurred in cells adjacent to vascular tissue, resulting in primary calli, whose growth was ensured by a meristematic zone. A multicellular origin of the resulting somatic embryos arising from the meristematic zone is suggested. During maturation, histological analyses revealed bipolarization of the somatic embryos, as well as the development of new somatic embryos. AFLP analyses revealed that 92 % of the regenerated plantlets were true to type. The use of TCL explants considerably improves the number

关键词： 多媒体   双语教学   组织学   胚胎学  

摘要： 组织学与胚胎学是医学生最先接触的重要医学基础课程,研究内容抽象难懂,多媒体双语教学的应用给传统的教学模式注入了新的活力,优化了教学内容,提高了教学效果。文章从应用的优点、缺点和整改措施三方面浅谈了自己的看法。

关键词： 教学新模式   当代教育   生物-心理-社会   胚胎学   组织学   医学模式转变   医疗模式转变   现代教育理论  

摘要： 当今,医学模式已从纯生物医学模式转变成为生物-心理-社会-环境的模式,从传统的纯医疗模式转变成群体、保健、预防和主动参与的模式。随着医学模式的巨大转变及现代教育理论的不断丰富,高等医学教育特别是医学基础教育正有步骤地实施着改革工程。其具体改革之一是知识体系的重组,逐步实现医学专业课程综合化。因此,在新的医学教育模式下,[第一段]

关键词： 人体结构学   实验考试   理论考试   组织胚胎学   无纸化考试   基础学科   掌握情况   考试改革  

摘要： 人体结构学是综合解剖学和组织胚胎学两门学科于一体的一门基础学科，而其课时数比原来的单独两门学科的课时数之和更少。因此，如何让老师和学生花最少的时间，用最少的资源，能全面地考核学生对本学科的掌握情况，我们分析了传统的考试方法（理论考试＋实验考试）的不足，进行了考试改革，创建了新的考试模式（人体结构学理论与实验考试系统），即通过人机对话无纸化考试将理论考试和实验考试融为一体，一次完成，并取得了较好的效果。