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关键词： 微课   翻转课堂   高职护理   组织胚胎学   实验教学  

摘要： 目的:研究利用信息化手段基于翻转课堂为主要模式的教学方法在高职护理专业组织胚胎学实验教学中的应用效果。方法:选取铜陵职业技术学院2017级高职护理专业4个平行班级为研究对象,随机抽选2个班级为试验组实施以翻转课堂模式为主结合微课的教学方式,其余为对照组采用传统教学方式教学。比较两组学生实验报告评分成绩。问卷法调查学生对当前不同教学模式实施的满意度。结果:实验报告评分成绩显示试验组高于对照组(P<0.05),问卷显示试验组学生对教学满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:利用互联网技术实施基于翻转课堂为主要模式的教学方法,有助于提高高职护理专业组织胚胎学实验教学的效果,值得进一步研究。

关键词： 组织胚胎学   留学生   PBL教学   案例撰写  

摘要： 近年来,越来越多的留学生来西安交通大学学习医学,留学生教学已成为该校医学部一项重要的教学任务。《组织学与胚胎学》是留学生基础医学学习阶段的常规必修课程。我们发现以教师授课为中心的教学模式在课堂上不能发挥学生学习的主观能动性,也不完全适合留学生教学,而PBL教学法注重激发学生的自主学习意识,并鼓励学生在已有知识框架中构建新的知识体系,其与留学生自身学习的特点相一致。在该校长学制和五年制PBL教学方面积累的经验基础上,设计与该校留学生教学大纲相适应的英文案例,培训指导教师,并顺利开展了PBL教学。实践表明,在留学生中开展PBL教学,不仅丰富了教学形式,而且提高了教学效果。

关键词： 组织胚胎学教学   建构主义理论   学习主动性   《组织胚胎学》   心理学派   心理结构   学习质量   学习动机  

摘要： 建构主义为认知心理学派的分支,关注以原有经验、心理结构、信念来建构知识,强调学习主动性、社会性和情景性,关注学习质量和本质。目前《组织胚胎学》内容繁多且课时相对减少,老师的任务只是教书并包揽教学的一切、未激发学生们的深层次学习动机及兴趣。本研究制定了建构主义教学方法,教学中强调把所学习知识与特定真实任务相结合,学生合作解决问题,强调外部输入转变为关注内部的生成,从个体学习向社会化学习转化。以期优化教学过程,使知识吸收与技能培养达到有机结合,发挥学生学习主动性,提高学习兴趣。

关键词： 受精,体外   胚胎移植   胎盘   PTEN   胚胎  

摘要： 目的:研究体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)对早期胎盘绒毛和胚胎组织中第10号染色体上缺失的磷酸和张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)和蛋白表达的影响。方法:收集8例IVF-ET患者胚胎移植后30~45 d行减胎术的胎盘绒毛组织和胚胎组织作为IVF-ET组,10例自然妊娠行人工流产患者的早期胎盘绒毛组织和胚胎组织为对照组。采用免疫组织化学方法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(q RT-PCR)方法检测组织中PTEN蛋白和mRNA的表达及分布差异。结果:PTEN蛋白表达于胎盘绒毛细胞滋养层细胞和合体滋养层细胞的细胞膜和细胞质,广泛表达于胚胎各个胚层。IVF-ET组胎盘绒毛组织中PTEN蛋白表达量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.325,P=0.027);PTEN蛋白在2组患者胚胎组织中表达量差异无统计学意义(P=0.288)。PTEN mRNA在IVF-ET组胎盘绒毛组织中表达量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.512,P=0.017),在2组患者胚胎组织中表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.371),与免疫组织化学结果一致。结论:IVF-ET技术的体外操作可能影响胎盘组织PTEN基因和蛋白的表达,但未显著影响早期胚胎组织的PTEN表达,其潜在意义有待进一步研究。

关键词： 基础医学院   机能实验中心   中医诊断学   中医基础理论   组织胚胎学   教学科研   西医基础   生物化学  

摘要： 基础医学院的前身是基础医学部，伴随着我校60多年的发展历程，形成了特色鲜明、开拓创新的中西医基础教学科研平台，目前下设中医基础理论（含内经）、中医诊断学、方剂学、伤寒金匮、温病学、解剖学、生物学、组织胚胎学、生物化学、生理学、病理学、病理牛理学、诊断学、计算机、数学等15个教研室，形态实验中心、解剖实验中心、机能实验中心、生物实验中心、计算机实验中心、中医诊断实验中心、诊断实验中心7个实验中心。

关键词： 改良型三明治教学法   组织胚胎学   基础医学   实验医学教育  

摘要： 目的:调动学生的学习主动性和积极性,培养学生的自学能力,进而提高教学质量。方法:在2016级临床专业1-4班生殖系统实验课实施改良型三明治教学法,5-8班为对照组,采用传统教学法。结果:随堂测试实验组成绩优于对照组,期末实验考试成绩两组之间无显著差异。结论:改良型三明治教学法对于促进学生对知识的理解和掌握程度等方面有一定的意义。

关键词： Soybean   Immature zygotic embryos   Somatic embryo   Cold   Plasmolysis   Direct transformation   Hygromycin   Glufosinate  

摘要： An improved direct transformation method via particle bombardment of split-immature zygotic embryo explants with intact embryonic axis is reported. This method involves abiotic stress (cold treatment and plasmolysis) treatments of explants prepared from immature embryos of 8-10mm size for improved somatic embryogeneis. Transgenic events were produced using optimized bombardment conditions and selection with hygromycin or glufosinate. Transgenic somatic embryos developed within as little as 4 weeks after bombardment of explants. Transgenic plants were regenerated 4-5 months after bombardment and the entire process from bombardment to T1 seed production took 7-9 months. Plants regenerated from the system were fertile and showed more than 90% heritability of the transgene to the next generation. Transformation frequencies of 5.4 and 2.7% (based on the number of bombarded split-immature embryo explants) were observed with hygromycin and glufosinate selection, respectively.

关键词： Schizophrenia   Methylazoxymethanol   Sensorimotor gating   Prepulse inhibition   Locomotion activity   Social recognition   Prefrontal cortex   RNA-Seq  

摘要： Gestational and perinatal disruption of neural development increases the risk of developing schizo phrenia (SCZ) later in life. Embryonic day 17 (E17) methylazoxymethanol (MAM) treatment leads to histological, physiological and behavioural abnormalities in post-puberty rats that model the neuropathological and cognitive deficits reported in SCZ patients. However, the validity of E17 MAM-exposed mice to model SCZ has not been explored. Here we treated E17 C57BL/6 mouse dams with various dosages of MAM. We found that this mouse strain was more vulnerable to MAM treatment than rats and there were gender differences in behavioural abnormalities, histological changes and prefrontal cortical gene expression profiles in MAM (7.5 mg/kg)-exposed mice. Both male and female MAM-exposed mice had deficits in prepulse inhibition. Female MAM-exposed mice exhibited mildly increased spontaneous locomotion activity and social recognition deficits, while male mice were normal. Consistently, only female MAM-exposed mice exhibited reduced brain weight, decreased size of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and enlarged lateral ventricles. Transcriptome analysis of the PFC revealed that there were more differentially expressed genes in female MAM-exposed mice than those in male mice. Moreover, expression of Pvalb, Arc and genes in their association networks were downregulated in the PFC of female MAM-exposed mice. These results indicate that E17 MAM-exposure in C57BL/6 mice leads to behavioural changes that model certain deficits reported in SCZ patients. MAM-exposed female mice may be used to study gene expression changes, inhibitory neural circuit dysfunction and glutamatergic synaptic plasticity deficits with a possible relation to those in the brains of SCZ patients. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Somitogenesis   Pattern formation   Turing bifurcation   Hopf bifurcation   Amplitude equation  

摘要： Somitogenesis, the sequential formation of a periodic pattern along the anteroposterior axis of vertebrate embryos, is one of the most obvious examples of the segmental patterning processes that take place during embryogenesis and also one of the major unresolved events in developmental biology. In this paper, we investigate the effect of diffusion on pattern formation use a modified two dimensional model which can be used to explain somitogenesis during embryonic development. This model is suitable for exploring a design space of somitogenesis and can explain many aspects of somitogenesis that previous models cannot. In the present paper, by analyzing the local linear stability of the equation, we acquired the conditions of Hopf bifurcation and Turing bifurcation. In addition, the amplitude equation near the Turing bifurcation point is obtained by using the methods of multi-scale expansion and symmetry analysis. By analyzing the stability of the amplitude equation, we know that there are various complex phenomena, including Spot pattern, mixture of spot stripe patterns and labyrinthine. Finally, numerical simulation are given to verify the correctness of our theoretical results. Somitogenesis occupies an important position in the process of biological development, and as a pattern process can be used to investigate many aspects of embryogenesis. Therefore, our study helps greatly to cell differentiation, gene expression and embryonic development. What is more, it is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases to study the related knowledge of model biology. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.