关键词：
自动化行政处罚
权力规制
人工干预
摘要：
自动化行政在提高行政效率的同时,也过度扩张了政府的权力,使得行政相对人有沦为行政支配的客体的风险。自动化行政处罚具有降低行政成本、提高行政效率,减少人为干扰、避免同案异罚等功能作用,但是也存在执法过程的不透明性、过度压缩行政相对人的程序性权利、难以体现过罚相当原则、缩减了自由裁量的空间等问题,通过引入设置阶段、执法阶段的人工干预机制,以及事后的人工调适机制对自动化行政处罚现有的问题进行规制,以期达到规制过度扩张的行政权力、维持行政机关与行政相对人之间的权力平衡的结构,维护较为弱势的行政相对人的权利。While automated administration improves administrative efficiency, it also excessively expands the power of the government, putting administrative counterparties at risk of becoming objects of administrative control. Automated administrative penalties have the functions of reducing administrative costs, improving administrative efficiency, reducing human interference, and avoiding different punishments for the same case. However, there are also problems such as the opacity of the law enforcement process, excessive compression of the procedural rights of administrative counterparties, difficulty in reflecting the principle of proportionality in penalties, and reduction of discretionary space. By introducing manual intervention mechanisms in the setting and enforcement stages, as well as post adjustment mechanisms, the existing problems of automated administrative penalties can be regulated in order to achieve a structure that regulates excessive expansion of administrative power, maintains the balance of power between administrative agencies and administrative counterparties, and safeguards the rights of relatively weak administrative counterparties.
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