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关键词： 一带一路   大学英语   跨文化交际   教学改革  

摘要： "一带一路"产生的影响覆盖到了社会、经济、文化、教育等各领域,"一带一路"倡议提出了对我国国民跨文化交际能力的更高要求,高校要积极适应新时代的发展脚步,将大学英语教学作为重要的阵地,推进大学英语跨文化交际教学的改革,落实一带一路的理念。文章对"一带一路"背景进行探讨,结合"一带一路"背景下大学英语跨文化交际改革的重要性,分析在此背景下的大学英语跨文化交际教学改革策略。

关键词： SPOC混合式教学模式   案例教学法   项目教学法   跨文化交际课程   “多元”文化意识  

摘要： 本研究结合案例和项目教学法开展课堂教学,将国际慕课平台Future Learn上的“跨文化交际”线上课程与课堂教学相结合,构建了基于SPOC的混合式跨文化交际教学新模式,并对该模式进行评估验证。结果表明,新的混合式跨文化交际教学模式能促进大学生“多元文化”意识的培养,在提高大学生跨文化交际能力的同时,提升英语语言综合应用能力。

关键词： 跨文化交际   教学实践   创新探索  

摘要： 在新的世界格局与国家战略发展的要求下,对英语专业学生提出了更高的要求,在应具备的基本语言技能基础之上,还应具备相应的文化素养与跨文化交际能力。本文从国内高校英语专业跨文化交际能力的培养现状及要求出发,参考借鉴新加坡教育中已取得较显著效果的课程辅助活动(Co-Curricular Activities,简称CCA),充分结合英语专业学生培养要求与院校特色,以中国民用航空飞行学院英语专业跨文化教学实践团队为例,阐述在此模式下所进行的跨文化教学探索实践,为英语专业学生跨文化交际能力的培养提供新思路。

关键词： 丝绸   古代丝织技术   笔记小说  

摘要： [研究意义]纺织是中国古代重要的支柱产业,因此关于历史上各个时期纺织技术水平的探讨和比较就成为中国纺织史研究领域的重要议题之一。[研究方法]通过回顾发现此前的研究或态度模糊或认为清代是中国古代丝织技术的巅峰。宋代以来笔记小说中的相关史料,对于探讨古代丝织技术巅峰期的时间点很有帮助。本文比较、分析其中有代表性的重要史料,找到了认识这一问题的清晰线条。[研究结果与结论]文献研究结果十分清晰地表明,无论从丝织技术本身来看,还是从丝织品的品质上看,中国古代丝织技术的巅峰期都指向宋代。

关键词： Posterior cerebral fossa   Medulloblastoma   Pediatric neurosurgery   Fourth ventricle   Telovelar approach   Prone position   Sitting position   Complications  

摘要： Introduction: - Medulloblastoma (MB) in children is, in most cases, a midline lesion located in the posterior fossa, with a high tendency to invade the fourth ventricle (and sometimes its floor). Methods: - In this technical note, we present both the sitting and the prone position for children with medulloblastoma. These positions will be described together by deliberately deciding not to oppose one against the other. The park bench position, seldom used in pediatric neurosurgery is not described here. The latter procedure can be useful, however, for MB located more laterally or within the cerebellopontine angle. Results: - The aim of this technical note is to provide the reader with a step by step procedure (from installation to closure), at least from the author's point of view. A special focus regarding anesthetic considerations is also provided. This anesthesia requires perfect coordination and communication between both the anesthetic and surgical teams. Complications of posterior fossa surgery are mentioned as well. Some of the advantages and disadvantages of each positions are mentioned. Conclusion: - Only careful installation, respect of certain surgical principles (careful attention of the vermis and dentate nuclei for example), knowledge of anatomy, closure and perioperative monitoring, screening and immediate correction of potentially devastating complications will enable surgeons to obtain the best results from their surgery. (c) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Basilar invagination   C1-C2 instability   Craniocervical junction   Halo vest   Occipitocervical fusion   Os odontoideum  

摘要： OBJECTIVE: Malformations in the craniocervical junction (CCJ) are rare in the pediatric population but often need surgical treatment. We present a pediatric case series of patients treated with a 2-stage surgical approach with a halo vest and occipitocervical fusion and review complications and outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a single-center case series was performed. Pediatric patients affected by congenital craniocervical junction anomalies and treated with a 2-stage approach were included. A halo vest was implanted in the first surgery, and ambulatory progressive reduction was performed. When a favorable anatomic situation was observed, arthrodesis was performed. Safety analysis was undertaken by analyzing the incidence of complications in both procedures. Effectivity analysis was carried out analyzing radiologic and clinical outcome (Goel grade and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score). Student t test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Sixteen cases were included. Mean age of patients was 9.38 years. Safety analysis showed 2 halo loosenings, 1 pin infection, 2 wound infections, 1 cerebrospinal fluid leak, and 2 delayed broken rods. No major complications were observed. Radiologic analysis showed an improvement in the tip of the odontoid process to the McRae line distance (from L3.26 mm to L6.16 mm), atlantodental interval (from 3.05 mm to 1.88 mm), clival-canal angle (from 134.61 degrees to 144.38 degrees), and cervical kyphosis (from 6.39 to 1.54 degrees). Clinical analysis also showed improvement in mean Goel grade (from 1.75 to 1.44) and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (from 15.12 to 16.41). CONCLUSIONS: The 2-stage approach was a suitable and effective treatment for craniocervical junction anomalies in pediatric patients.

关键词： backscatter   calibration   error   orthovoltage dosimetry   radiochromic film   X‐   RAD 225  

摘要： Purpose Accurate radiation dosimetry in radiobiological experiments is crucial for preclinical research in advancement of cancer treatment. Vendors of cell irradiators often perform calibration for end-users. However, calibration accuracy remains unclear due to missing detailed information on calibration equipment and procedures. In this study, we report our findings of a vender miscalibration of the radiation output and our investigation on the root cause of the discrepancy. Methods Independent calibration verification for a commercial preclinical orthovoltage irradiator was conducted. Initially, in the absence of ionization chambers calibrated at kV energy, radiochromic films (EBT3) was first calibrated at MV energy. Energy correction factors from literature were used to create an in-house kV dosimetry system. The miscalibration identified with the in-house kV EBT3 dosimetry was later confirmed by ADCL calibrated ionization chambers (Exradin A1SL and PTW 30013) at kV energy. Ionization chambers were suspended in-air following TG-61 recommendation for output calibration. To investigate the root cause of the miscalibration, additional measurements were performed with ionization chambers placed on the shelf. A validated Monte Carlo simulation code was also used to investigate the impact of placing the ionization chamber on the shelf instead of suspending it in air during the vendor-performed calibration process. Results Up to a 6% dosimetry error was observed when comparing the vendor calibrated output of the preclinical irradiator with our independent calibration check. Further investigation showed incorrect setups in the vendor's calibration procedure which may result in dose errors up to 11% from the backscatter of the shelf board during calibration, and up to 5% from omitting temperature and pressure corrections to ionization chamber readings. Conclusion Our study revealed large dose calibration errors caused by incorrect setup and the omission of temperature/pre

关键词： Conventional iliac screw   Minimally invasive   Modified iliac screw   Percutaneous   S2 alar-iliac screw   S2AI screw   Spinopelvic fixation  

摘要： OBJECTIVE: The modified iliac screw fixation technique was proposed to be an interesting alternative option for spinopelvic fixation. In this study, we describe a new minimally invasive technique for percutaneous placement of modified iliac screws. METHODS: A 64-year-old man with ankylosing spondylitis suffered from a 3-column fracture at the L5 vertebra without any neurologic deficit. We performed percutaneous pedicle screw fixation from L2 to S1 with additional modified iliac screws augmentation using an intraoperative navigation. We inserted both S1 pedicle screw and modified iliac screw within a stab incision on each side of the patient's back without using rod connector. RESULTS: The patient's severe low back pain subsided on the day following the operation. There was no clinical low back pain at 2-week follow-up. The 1-year follow-up x-ray showed that the fracture was healed successfully without signs of screw loosening or breakage. CONCLUSIONS: The modified iliac screws can be placed safely via percutaneous approach with an intraoperative image guidance. By using this new technique, surgeons can easily adjust the screw head to align with S1 pedicle screw via the same small incision. The rod connectors are not necessary for this technique. This method also prevents the acute angle that can develop between the screw head and shaft of the screw, which is typically found in S2 alar-iliac screw technique.

关键词： Decompression   Hemicraniectomy   TBI   Technical note   Traumatic brain injury  

摘要： BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across all age groups. Decompressive hemicraniectomy is the treatment for TBI-related refractory intracranial hypertension. The traditional technique for this procedure can result in wound complications due to injury of the scalp flap's vascular supply, namely the superficial temporal and postauricular arteries. METHODS: In this technical note we describe our experience using a novel technique that preserves both vascular territories by placing the inferior aspect of the incision posterior to the ear as opposed to anterior to it. This modification has the potential to reduce wound healing complications, especially in those at higher risk, while also reducing operative time by avoiding temporalis muscle incision and closure during procedure. RESULTS: After performing hospital chart review, a total of 7 patients were found who underwent this hemicraniectomy technique for severe TBI. Of these, 5 patients had this performed on the left side, and 2 patients had this performed on the right side. Six of the patients had an accompanying subdural hematoma, whereas 1 patient had no intracranial hemorrhage present. CONCLUSIONS: In each case, both the superficial temporal and postauricular arteries were preserved, and rapid healing of the scalp flap occurred. In addition to providing a large bone window to allow the brain to swell, this technique has the potential to reduce complications of wound healing by preserving the vascular supply of the scalp flap and reduce operative times by minimizing temporalis muscle dissection.