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关键词： 生化检验结果   临床生化检验   标本溶血   日常工作   水浴温度   细胞破坏   监测结果   经济负担  

摘要： 溶血是检验科临床生化检验常发生的影响和干扰，在日常工作中，有很多原因可以导致此种现象，如试管不洁、过度震荡或摇晃、采血过快、检验中水浴温度过高以及采血时进入了空气等。一旦发生标本溶血，不仅会破坏红细胞，还会干扰白细胞和血小板等细胞破坏释放的物质，影响监测结果，可能造成患者多次重复就诊，增加患者经济负担，甚至可直接导致医师误诊而发生意外情况。

关键词： Extreme droughts   Poyang Lake   Yangtze River   The Three Gorges Dam   River-lake interaction  

摘要： In recent years, the Poyang Lake basin is in a prolonged drought which has placed immense pressure on the water resources utilization. In this paper, we explore the spatial and temporal distributions of extreme droughts in the Poyang Lake basin by using the methods of SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) and EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) for the period of 1956-2009, which are influenced by regional precipitation anomalies and river-lake interaction due to water impounding of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD). The results show that: (I) the Poyang Lake basin experienced six extreme droughts during the past 60 years, which lead to decreases in streamflow from five tributary rivers down to the Poyang Lake. The droughts in the 1960s and the 2000s were the most serious ones. However, there was an increasing trend of streamflow in the upper and middle Yangtze in the 1960s, and a decreasing trend appeared in the 2000s. The decline of streamflow in the upper Yangtze reaches has lowered the water level of lower Yangtze River which has-caused more outflow from the Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River;(2) the operation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has altered the seasonal pattern of flow regimes in the Poyang Lake and significantly reduced the water level in the lower Yangtze River during the TGD impounding period from late September to early November;and (3) the conjunction of extreme droughts in the Poyang lake and the upper Yangtze reaches coincided with the impounding of the TGD is the main cause of the low water level in the Poyang Lake. Although the impact of the recent droughts in the Poyang Lake and upper Yangtze reaches has played a crucial role in the low water level of Poyang lake, more attention should be paid to its sensitivity to the influence of the large dam-induced changes in the interaction between river and lake, particularly during impounding periods. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： devices   extractables   leachables   parenteral packaging   safety assessment  

摘要： To develop and justify a Risk Evaluation Matrix for estimating the safety risk associated with extractables from plastic materials used in pharmaceutical applications and to apply that matrix to approximately 510 extractables to assess the risk that they would accumulate in drug products at levels sufficiently high to affect patient safety. The Risk Evaluation Matrix considers toxicological, availability and solubility characteristics of extractables. Safety Risk categories were established based on certain scaled values for these characteristics, Total Risk Scores were calculated for each extractable and the extractables were categorized with respect to their safety risk based on these calculations. The Total Risk Scores were normally distributed around a value of 20 to 23, corresponding to safety risk categories of moderate and intermediate risk. The range in Risk Scores defined by the mean +/- one standard deviation encompassed the entire region of moderate and intermediate risk. Approximately 15% of the extractables were categorized as lowest risk while 3% of the extractables were categorized as highest risk. Categorization of extractables could facilitate the selection of materials for use in pharmaceutical systems, the analytical testing of extracts and the selection of target extractables.

关键词： Educational reform   Medical laboratory   Professional accreditation   专业认证   医学检验专业   教学改革   Language of Keywords: English   Chinese  

摘要： Laboratory medicine is an indispensable part of medical field, which is combined clinical medicine and medic laboratory technology. With the feature of gambit lately but developing spanking, laboratory medicine have been faced with lots of difficulties and challenges after it founded, and since Ministry of Education has implemented reform of laboratory education in 2012, it has become an urgent priority to find a reasonable teaching method as well as the outlet of this discipline. Although medical professional accreditation is a newly started undertaking in China, it has already become a tendency in medical education. As to the advantage of the Professional Certification, we are convinced that implementing accreditation of medical laboratory technology helps to ensure the quality of education,deepen educational reform, fill social requirement of laboratory talents and promote internationalization of this major. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： Equity   Local school policy   Parent involvement   School barriers  

摘要： This paper describes a qualitative study that investigated the experiences of Black and Latino family members whose children attended schools identified as failing and were, resultantly, in school turnaround. Guiding theories of this research include postcolonial theory and critical social theory, which were applied to guide data collection and analysis. This study found that the interaction of families and school was constrained by a context of barriers restricting family members’ access to space and information;these barriers were historical and institutional in nature. The barriers that family members faced were enforced and sustained by school policies and practices to involve families;as schools enacted practices to involve families, they also restricted family members’ access to school space and information. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications of this research for policy and recommendations for further research. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

关键词： sparse representation   fuzzy discriminant analysis   sparse residuals measurement   image classification  

摘要： Representation-based classification methods, such as sparse representation-based classification, have been a breakthrough for face recognition recently. Under such a philosophy, we develop a framework that fuses virtual synthesized training samples as bases and fuzzy discriminant sparse residuals measurement in face classification. More specifically, the preprocessing of the proposed algorithm aims to alleviate sampling uncertainty by introducing extra training samples and then the features are extracted over the above dictionary using a hierarchical multiscale local binary patterns scheme. The second stage tries to approximate testing samples by a subset of training samples, and the introduced sparse coding process with weak l(1)-constraint has superior competitiveness in that the accuracy has been improved while the complexity has fallen. The third stage again determines a new weighted sum for the remaining informative samples. Hence, fuzzy sparse similarity grades are designed by the new weighted value, which can be merged into the typical discriminant analysis criterion. Experimental results from various benchmark face databases have demonstrated the effectiveness of our algorithm. (C) 2015 SPIE and IS&T

关键词： Acoustic emission   Carbon fibres   Unsupervised learning  

摘要： Widespread use of composites for structural applications is hindered by the inability to fully understand and predict the materials response. The uncertainty in composite materials response is largely due to variability in the initiation and propagation of damage. To develop new tools for design with composite materials, techniques for identifying damage modes during operation are needed. While there is a large body of work on analysis of acoustic emission (AE) from different materials and different loading cases, the current research is focused on applying unsupervised learning for separating AE into a maximum number of groups with distinct evolution. AE data was collected during tensile and bending experiments on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy specimens with different material configurations. The unsupervised learning algorithms successfully identified AE groups with distinct initiation and evolution. With damage mechanisms inferred from load response and from deformation fields obtained with digital image correlation (DIC), strong correlations between the behaviors of the groups and the damage mechanisms were observed and are discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 新兴产业   需求拉动   有效需求   需求结构   产业竞争力  

摘要： 将新兴产业需求拉动因素分解为需求规模和需求结构两个维度,同时将需求规模区分为总体需求规模与有效需求规模,从微观层次刻画总体需求、有效需求、需求结构等需求拉动因素在新兴产业发展中的微观作用机制。实证结果发现:新兴产业总体需求规模的扩大,并不必然全部转化为新兴产业发展的驱动力,有效需求规模及需求结构的调整才是新兴产业成长与发展的关键性因素,需求结构在我国新兴产业成长中的贡献关联度明显偏低,我国新兴产业的成长发展需要高度重视国内市场的培育并优化需求结构。

关键词： 生化检验   肾上腺皮质   疾病诊断   作用  

摘要： 目的探讨生化检验在肾上腺皮质疾病诊断中的作用。方法于2013年5月至2014年5月选取收治入院的60例患肾上腺皮质疾病的患者,依照住院号尾号排列,研究探讨通过生化检验尿中DHEA、硫酸盐(DHEAS)、孕烷三醇;血浆DHEA、DHEAS、17-羟孕酮、睾酮和雄烯二酮,肝肾功能血糖血脂电解质在肾上腺皮质疾病诊断中的作用。结果 60例患肾上腺皮质疾病的患者,通过生化检验,40例肾上腺皮质功能亢进患者尿中DHEA及其硫酸盐(DHEAS)增高;孕烷三醇排泄增加,尿游离皮质醇减少,血浆DHEA,DHEAS,17-羟孕酮,睾酮和雄烯二酮增高,20例肾上腺皮质疾病功能减退症患者血清钠偏低,血清钾偏高,血糖偏低,葡萄糖耐量试验呈低平曲线或反应性低血糖。结论生化检验在肾上腺皮质疾病诊断中的作用,值得临床应用推广。