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关键词： Indian Ocean   Kelvin waves   Tropical cyclones   Numerical weather prediction/forecasting   Numerical analysis/modeling  

摘要： The initial-state sensitivity and interactions between a tropical cyclone and atmospheric equatorial Kelvin waves associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) during the DYNAMO field campaign are explored using adjoint-based tools from the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). The development of Tropical Cyclone 5 (TC05) coincided with the passage of an equatorial Kelvin wave (KW) and westerly wind burst associated with an MJO that developed in the Indian Ocean in late November 2011. COAMPS 18-h adjoint sensitivities of low-level kinetic energy to changes in initial state winds, temperature, and water vapor are analyzed for both TC05 and the KW to document when the evolution of each system is sensitive to the other. Time series of sensitivity patterns confirm that TC05 and the KW low-level westerlies are sensitive to each other when the KW is to the southwest and south of TC05. While TC05 is not sensitive to the KW after this, the KW low-level westerlies remain sensitive to TC05 until it enters the far eastern Indian Ocean. Vertical profiles of both TC05 and KW sensitivity indicate lower-tropospheric maxima in temperature, wind, and moisture, with KW sensitivity typically 20% smaller than TC05 sensitivity. The magnitude of the sensitivity for both systems is greatest just prior to, and during, their closest proximity. A case study examination reveals that adjoint-based optimal perturbations grow and expand quickly through a dynamic response to decreased static stability. The evolution of moist-only and dry-only initial perturbations illustrates that the moist component is primarily responsible for the initial rapid growth, but that subsequent growth rates are similar.

关键词： time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)   Random Forests   data mining   supervised classification modelling   land cover classification   sample transferability  

摘要： Nowadays, various time-series Earth Observation data with multiple bands are freely available, such as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) datasets including 8-day composites from NASA, and 10-day composites from the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS). It is challenging to efficiently use these time-series MODIS datasets for long-term environmental monitoring due to their vast volume and information redundancy. This challenge will be greater when Sentinel 2-3 data become available. Another challenge that researchers face is the lack of in-situ data for supervised modelling, especially for time-series data analysis. In this study, we attempt to tackle the two important issues with a case study of land cover mapping using CCRS 10-day MODIS composites with the help of Random Forests' features: variable importance, outlier identification. The variable importance feature is used to analyze and select optimal subsets of time-series MODIS imagery for efficient land cover mapping, and the outlier identification feature is utilized for transferring sample data available from one year to an adjacent year for supervised classification modelling. The results of the case study of agricultural land cover classification at a regional scale show that using only about a half of the variables we can achieve land cover classification accuracy close to that generated using the full dataset. The proposed simple but effective solution of sample transferring could make supervised modelling possible for applications lacking sample data.

关键词： 集体劳动关系   独立工会   罢工权   工人代表制  

摘要： 集体劳动关系是因劳动者自愿联合成独立主体与用人单位或其团体在平等、自主的前提下,就劳动待遇、劳动条件等进行谈判而形成的宏观劳动关系,而集体合同是劳资团体对等谈判达成协议的结果。劳动者联合组成工会的权利之法律依据是《宪法》中关于公民的结社权~①和《劳动法》上劳动者的团结权~②以及《工会法》所规定的职工自愿联合的权利。~③但仅有集体合同制度规定~④而无独立主体之间的利益实质博弈,只是形式上或者纸面上的集体劳动关系。通过建立工会独立性保障机制,落实劳动者的团结权、谈判权、行动权及正确发挥公共机构的平衡作用,引入工人代表制,切实保障实质集体劳动关系的运行,才能有效化解劳资矛盾,使劳、资、政三方各司其职,各负其责,各得其所,进而达到构建和谐劳动关系的终极目标。在修改《劳动合同法》时,应注意与《宪法》《劳动法》相关条款协调一致。

关键词： 刑事科学技术   文件检验  

摘要： 文检技术在刑事科学技术中有重要地位,同时对侦破案件及法庭质证也有重要作用。它在明确侦查方向,确定案件性质,确认犯罪嫌疑人,提高办案效率等方面都有不可替代的作用。随着科技的不断进步,文件检验工作面临的挑战越发艰巨,检验的难度不断加大。文检人员要努力提高自身素质和技术能力水平,以便更好的发挥文件检验在刑事侦查破案工作中的作用。

关键词： 质量统计   检验数据   质量品牌升级  

摘要： 《2016年安徽省水泥产品质量分析报告》、《2016年安徽省农药产品质量分析报告》、《2016年安徽省电线电缆产品质量分析报告》、《2016年安徽省电冰箱产品质量分析报告》……一份份产品质量分析报告静静的放置在安徽省质检院的质检档案馆里,看似平常无奇,实则作用重大。这些都是安徽省质检院依托本单位质检技术专家,采用质量统计的方式,充分挖掘产品质量监督抽查检验报告中检验数据的潜力,准确分析出本省产品的质量状况,指导消费者进行产品选购、帮助企业提升产品质量、向政府提供宏观质量管理建议,为推动质量领域的供给侧改革,服务安徽省质量品牌升级起到积极作用。

关键词： amino acids   nonproteogenic amino   PDZ domains   protein engineering   protein-protein interactions   semisynthesis  

摘要： PDZ domains are ubiquitous small protein domains that are mediators of numerous protein-protein interactions, and play a pivotal role in protein trafficking, synaptic transmission, and the assembly of signaling-transduction complexes. In recent years, PDZ domains have emerged as novel and exciting drug targets for diseases (in the brain in particular), so understanding the molecular details of PDZ domain interactions is of fundamental importance. PDZ domains bind to a protein partner at either a C-terminal peptide or internal peptide motifs. Here, we examined the importance of a conserved Lys/Arg residue in the ligand-binding site of the second PDZ domain of PSD-95, by employing a semisynthetic approach. We generated six semisynthetic PDZ domains comprising different proteogenic and nonproteogenic amino acids representing subtle changes of the conserved Lys/Arg residue. These were tested with four peptide interaction partners, representing the two different binding modes. The results highlight the role of a positively charged amino acid in the 1-2 loop of PDZ domains, and show subtle differences for canonical and noncanonical interaction partners, thus providing additional insight into the mechanism of PDZ/ligand interaction.

关键词： Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy   Random forest   Steel sample   Classification  

摘要： Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) integrated with random forest (RF) was developed and applied for the identification and discrimination of nine steel grades. The classification and recognition of the steel grade was completed by investigating their physical and chemical properties. Two parameters of the RF were optimized by out-of-bag (OOB) estimation. The generation ability of RF model was evaluated by OOB estimation and 5-fold cross-validation (CV). Compared with the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machines (SVM), the classification of steel samples based on RF model shows a better predictive performance. It has been confirmed that RF method is promising for automatic real-time, fast, reliable, and robust measurements;and the system can be integrated into portable form for non-specialist users. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 航标设备检验检测   航标信息化建设   作用  

摘要： 目前,按照部局建设“数字海事”的战略要求,为提高航标信息化水平,以信息化带动管理的现代化,航标处紧密结合辖区实际,充分发挥自身优势,在辖区航标信息化建设方面做了大量工作,先后组织完成航标智能灯器与运行信息管理系统的研发和建设,完成“数字航标”试点工程相关内容建设,研发了系列闪光灯器和旋转灯器并进行了大量的应用,配合完成辖区AIS系统和航标基础数据库建设,各类信息化建设工作的开展,有效提高了辖区航标信息化管理水平,积极推进了“数字海事”的建设进程。