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关键词： 检测检验   服务模式   “互联网+”   创新  

摘要： 结合检测检验行业作用和我国检测检验机构发展现状,研究了服务模式创新正向机制和逆向机制,分析"互联网+"技术与检测检验行业两者关系,提出构建"互联网+"技术检测检验科技服务平台,促进检测检验行业持续健康发展。

关键词： 食品安全监管   检验机构   医疗卫生条件   食品安全问题   生活质量   监管制度   安全质量  

摘要： 食品安全与人们生活息息相关。随着人们日常生活质量水平的提高以及医疗卫生条件的改善,人们对食品的需求已经从关心吃饱到注重吃好再到吃得健康,产生了巨大的转变。在此影响下,食品安全问题也越来越受到重视。提高食品安全质量离不开严格的监管制度,而食品检验机构在此过程中发挥着重要的作用,本文基于此对食品检验机构在食品安全监管中的地位和作用进行相关探讨。

关键词： 预约合同   违约责任   责任形式  

摘要： 目前我国立法对预约合同的规定处于比较滞后的状态,由签订、履行预约合同引起的民事纠纷不计其数,虽然买卖合同司法解释第二条对预约合同的相关内容做了规定,但是就预约合同的违约责任承担方式等内容未进一步细化明确,又由于预约合同相对于本约合同的特殊性,导致司法部门在审判实践中产生很多同案不同判的现象。笔者拟就对实际履行、金钱损害赔偿与定金罚则这三个承担违约责任的形式在预约合同中的实际适用进行研究探讨。

关键词： 风险投资   R&D投入   基金管理  

摘要： 创业企业对中国经济发展非常重要，但在其发展初期缺少资金支持，而风险投资能满足其需求，因而，二者所具有的耦合性既可以促进风险投资市场的发展，更可以实现中国众多创业企业的发展。但是，就目前中国风险投资市场的发展来看，中国的风险资本很难满足初创期、种子期创业企业发展的资金需求。考虑到风险投资对中国创业企业发展的巨大作用，政府为此出台了一系列措施来支持风险投资市场的发展。政府引导基金设立的初衷就是为了发挥其对风险投资市场的引导作用。但有数据显示，当前中国政府引导基金存在着大量的闲置，这就在很大程度上制约了其作用的发挥。因而，单纯依靠政府引导基金是不足以支撑风险投资市场发展的。\n 当前学者们侧重于研究研发投入和风险投资对技术进步的作用，却忽略了科技才是风险投资发展的前提和基础，而科技进步离不开R&D投入的支撑。考虑到风险投资对中国创业企业发展的重要性，本文认为研究如何促进风险投资更好地发展是很有必要的。本文通过查阅资料发现，诸多学者们在研究影响风险投资的因素时都把R&D投入作为一个重要因素考虑进模型中，但他们的实证结果差异较大，甚至出现了回归结果相反的情况。本文通过观察2008-2017年间中国R&D投入和风险投资的相关数据发现了二者存在的相关性，那么二者关系究竟如何？故而本文运用2008-2017年中国31个省的省际面板数据来检验二者关系。因此，本文选择本课题进行研究，在一定程度上完善了R&D投入对风险投资的作用机理以及二者关系研究。这不仅有利于促进风投市场的发展，更有利于促进中国众多创业企业的大发展。\n 本文首先进行了R&D投入和风险投资相关理论以及二者发展现状的分析；其次，本文运用省际面板数据进行了全国层面和区域层面的回归分析，其中，区域层面研究了R&D投入在东中西部以及风险资本密集区和非密集区对风投市场的基础作用。\n 本文研究得出结论：R&D投入对风险投资具有基础作用，但这种基础作用的发挥需要一个漫长的过程。具体来说，（1）在全国层面上，R&D投入与风投市场有显著的U型关系，整体来看，随着R&D投入的增加，在经过一段时间形成累积效应后，最终能够促进风险投资市场的发展。（2）在区域层面上，东部以及风险资本密集区的U型关系得以验证，而中西部地区和风险资本非密集区的U型关系却未通过显著性检验。最后根据本文研究分析得出的结果提出了四条政策建议。

关键词： 社区卫生服务中心   医学检验   作用  

摘要： 目的:探讨医学检验在社区卫生服务中的运行状况。方法:采用问卷形式对浙江省宁波市鄞州区12家社区卫生服务中心进行调查,参与调查的患者、居民有1 000例,医护人员100名。结果:调查显示,98%患者和居民认为医学检验可方便医院开展工作,同时方便患者就诊;96%医护人员认为医学检验有利于社区医院疾病诊断和提高医疗服务水平。结论:社会卫生服务中心应用医学检验具有较高应用价值,且深得医护人员、患者及居民的认可。

关键词： 儿科   全血C反应蛋白   血常规   细菌性感染性疾病  

摘要： 目的探讨全血C反应蛋白(CRP)与血常规联合检验在儿科细菌性感染疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法选取本院接诊的200例细菌性感染性疾病患儿作为研究对象,所有患儿入院后均行血常规及全血CRP检验,对比血常规检验、全血CRP、血常规联合全血CRP检验对患儿细菌性感染性疾病的诊断准确率。结果血常规检验的细菌性感染检出率为65.0%,全血CRP的细菌性感染检出率为66.0%,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血常规+CRP的细菌性感染检出率为90.0%,高于血常规与全血CRP检验(P<0.05)。血常规、全血CRP、血常规+CRP检验对肺炎、肠炎、脑膜炎、尿路感染及其他感染的检出率比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。血常规+CRP检验对细菌性感染性疾病的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性均显著高于单独血常规与单独全血CRP检验,P<0.05。结论相比单独行血常规或全血CRP检验,全血CRP联合血常规检验对儿科细菌性感染性疾病的诊断准确性更高,其对儿科细菌性感染性疾病有较高的诊断价值。

关键词： 旁检验   检验科   质量控制   规范化管理  

摘要： 目的:探讨检验科在床旁检验(POCT)医院规范化管理中的作用探讨.方法:通过分析影响床旁检验(POCT)医院规范化管理中的因素,重点讨论检验科在POCT管理中的质量控制和质量保证作用.结果:检验科在负责定期培训、考核和授权POCT操作人员、检验科负责质量管理的监督、POCT项目的比对、室内质量控制管理、检验报告及其管理等方面有着重要职责.作为POCT项目的监督核心,检验科肩负着评估各POCT站点执行情况、提出整改意见的重任.而临床医护人员则有责任依照检验科的建议,采取措施、解决问题.结论:检验科在床旁检验(POCT)医院规范化管理中发挥着质量保证的重要作用.

关键词： Drug combination   Multiple classifier system   Heterogeneous features   One-class classification  

摘要： Background and Objective: Due to the synergistic effects of drugs, drug combination is one of the effective approaches for treating complex diseases. However, the identification of drug combinations by dose-response methods is still costly. It is promising to develop supervised learning-based approaches to predict potential drug combinations on a large scale. Nevertheless, these approaches have the inadequate utilization of heterogeneous features, which causes the loss of information useful to classification. Moreover, they have an intrinsic bias, because they assume unknown drug pairs as non-combinations, of which some could be real drug combinations in practice. Methods: To address above issues, this work first designs a two-layer multiple classifier system (TLMCS) to effectively integrate heterogeneous features involving anatomical therapeutic chemical codes of drugs, drug-drug interactions, drug-target interactions, gene ontology of drug targets, and side effects. To avoid the bias caused by labelling unknown samples as negative, it then utilizes the one-class support vector machines, (which requires no negative instance and only labels approved drug combinations as positive instances), as the member classifiers in TLMCS. Last, both a 10-fold cross validation (10-CV) and a novel prediction are performed to validate the performance of TLMCS. Results: The comparison with three state-of-the-art approaches under 10-CV exhibits the superiority of TLMCS, which achieves the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve =0.824 and the area under the precision-recall curve =0.372. Moreover, the experiment under the novel prediction demonstrates its ability, where 9 out of the top-20 predicted combinative drug pairs are validated by checking the published literature. Furthermore, for each of the newly-validated drug combinations, this work analyses the combining mode of the member drugs and investigates their relationship in terms of drug targeting pathways. Conc

关键词： Hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification   multiobjective (MO)   sparse representation  

摘要： Recent studies about hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification usually focus on extracting more representative features or combining joint spectral-spatial information. However, besides feature extraction, developing more powerful classifiers can also contribute to the accuracies of HSI classification. In this paper, we propose a multiobjective-based sparse representation classifier (MSRC) for HSI data, which mainly tries to address two problems: 1) pixel mixing and 2) lacking abundant labeled samples. MSRC is motivated by the SRC, and further integrating the idea of hyperspectral unmixing. Different from the traditional SRC-based methods, the novelty of MSRC consists of the optimization process, i.e., we directly handle the L0-norm problem without any relaxation. The sparse term is not considered as a regularization operation. Instead, we transform the problem of weight vector estimation to subset selection, and propose a multiobjective-based method to optimize the L0-norm sparse problem. The residual term and sparse term are regarded as two parallel objective functions that are optimized simultaneously. We further utilize the linear mixing model to represent test pixels based on the selected atoms. The final class labels are determined according to the abundance estimation results by nonnegative least squares. Owing to the characteristics of the multiobjective method and the binary property of the sparse solution vector, MSRC does not require too many training samples to build the dictionary. Moreover, theoretically, MSRC can be easily improved to extended version such as combining spatial information.

关键词： Blood-brain barrier   Dihydrotanshinone   Glioblastoma   NFkB   Synergy   Temozolomide  

摘要： We showed previously that Dihydrotanshinone (DHT) augments temozolomide (TMZ) efficacy by inducing reactive oxygen species production in an in vitro model. Here, the underlying basis of the synergistic effect and the ability of DHT to potentially pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) is investigated using an in vitro model. Trypan blue exclusion assays were used to determine effects of DHT/TMZ combinatorial treatment on GBM cell viability. ELISA was utilized to determine effects on NFkB levels after singular and combinatorial treatment. An in vitro model of the BBB was constructed to predict the potential of DHT to penetrate the BBB in vivo. DHT and TMZ synergistically reduce cancer cell viability, NFkB activity, and markedly halt cell cycle progression. This regimen was also shown to exert minimal effects on astrocytes. Finally, DHT was shown to have the potential of passing through the BBB to a similar extent as TMZ and that paclitaxel's oncolytic effects are completely ablated in the presence of our in vitro BBB. Our data confirms the synergistic interaction between DHT and TMZ and also highlights the potential of combination treatment to sequester NFkB activity and inhibit cell cycle progression. The encouraging data with the BBB model show that the DHT/TMZ combination may be clinically useful and warrants future in vivo testing.