关键词:
卡特福德翻译理论
翻译技巧
公文事务语体
摘要:
英国著名语言学与翻译家约翰·坎尼森·卡特福德1965年出版了《翻译的语言学理论》一书,在该书中卡特福德系统地论述了翻译的定义、具体转换类型等问题。本研究以卡特福德的翻译转换理论为指导,深入探讨了俄汉公文事务语体翻译中的技巧与策略。公文事务语体以其平实、准确、客观和简要的语言特征,在俄汉翻译实践中占有重要地位。卡特福德的理论强调在翻译过程中原文与译文在语言形式和结构上的异同,将句法层面上的变化归纳为层次转换(level shifts)和范畴转换(category shifts)两大类。本研究首先分析了公文事务语体的词汇特点和句法结构,然后从层次转换和范畴转换两个层面对翻译案例进行研究,探讨了如何精确地传达原文的意图和信息。研究发现,层次转换体现在语法和词汇的相互转换中,而范畴转换则涉及单位、结构、类别和内部体系方面的转换。通过对具体翻译案例的分析,本文初步探讨了卡特福德翻译转换理论对公文事务文本的指导作用。卡特福德把翻译研究同语言学的理论知识结合起来,系统客观地研究翻译相关知识,使翻译研究变得更加科学,对研究公文事物语体的翻译有着很大的帮助。因此作者从卡特福德翻译转换理论出发,选取部分公文事物语体材料进行翻译,浅析公文事物语体的翻译技巧与策略,为国内MTI学子在公文事务语体翻译方面的研究提供新的学习思路,为卡特福德翻译转换理论推广尽绵薄之力。John Cannison Catford, a famous British linguist and translator, published his book The Linguistic Theory of Translation in 1965, in which Catford systematically discussed the definition of translation, specific types of translation and other issues. This study is guided by Catford’s theory of translation transformation, and discusses in depth the techniques and strategies in translating Russian-Chinese official business corpora. With its linguistic features of plainness, accuracy, objectivity and brevity, the official affairs corpora occupy an important place in Russian-Chinese translation practice. Catford’s theory emphasizes the similarities and differences in linguistic form and structure between the original and the translated text in the process of translation, and categorizes changes at the syntactic level into two main groups: level shifts and category shifts. This study first analyzes the lexical features and syntactic structure of the official business corpora, and then examines the translation cases from the levels of level shifts and category shifts, exploring how to accurately convey the intention and information of the original text. It is found that hierarchical transformation is embodied in the mutual transformation of grammar and vocabulary, while category transformation involves transformation in terms of units, structures, categories and internal systems. By analyzing specific tr