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关键词： computer   Computer   telephone  

摘要： Do you have a“smart”(clever)telephone,one that is a computer and that can use the Internet?And can you remember the last time you went a day without using your telephone and the Internet?I’m almost sure you can’t!Computer science,which teaches you about computers and how they work,is a“young”science.

关键词： 互动达标理论   综合护理   冠心病   心绞痛   生活质量  

摘要： 目的分析互动达标理论主导的综合护理对老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)心绞痛患者生活质量的影响。方法简单随机选取2021年6月—2023年2月聊城市第二人民医院收治的80例老年冠心病心绞痛患者为研究对象,根据不同护理方法分为两组。观察组(n=40)行互动达标理论主导的综合护理,对照组(n=40)行常规护理。比较两组患者的心理状况、生活质量以及护理满意度。结果干预后,观察组焦虑量表评分和抑郁量表评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,观察组生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意度为97.50%(39/40),高于对照组的80.00%(32/40),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.507,P<0.05)。结论对老年冠心病心绞痛患者开展互动达标理论主导的综合护理,可有效改善患者的心理状态问题,提高生活质量,提高护理满意度。

关键词： child labor   forced displacement   Syrian refugees   paid work   migrants   Turkey  

摘要： Millions of children are forcibly displaced worldwide due to wars, civil conflicts, and natural disasters. Displacement disrupts the lives of children making child labor a serious risk. However, little is known about this topic due to the difficulty of finding datasets for this population. In this study, we use a large representative dataset of Syrian refugees in Turkey, the largest refugee group in any single country, to examine the incidence of child labor and its determinants. The incidence of paid work is remarkably high among boys: 18.8 percent of 12-14 year-olds and 48.0 percent of 15-17 year-olds are in paid employment. These percentages are considerably higher than the corresponding values we estimate for pre-war Syria at 7.6 percent and 29.0 percent, respectively. We find that children from poorer households with more dependents and younger, less educated, and female household heads and children living in industrialized regions of Turkey and originating from rural Syria are more likely to work. A key finding is that being older at arrival is highly associated with child labor. Difficulties with school integration, on the one hand, and availability of job opportunities, on the other, have created a group of young out-of-school children at work. Placing these children in vocational training that allows them to work while learning a trade under the scrutiny of the Ministry of Education may help protect their well-being.

关键词： Machine Learning   Image Processing   Computer Vision   Computer Science   Quantum Computing   Interactive Tool   Computer Graphics   Computer Applications   Advantages Of Speed   Use Of Registers   Quantum Algorithms   Interdisciplinary Area   Current Hardware   Quantum Applications   Quantum Machine   Image Segmentation   Software Development   Articles In Issue   Quantum State   Game Development   Quantum Phenomena   Applications In Quantum Computing  

摘要： Quantum computing is emerging as a transformative force in computer science, offering significant advantages in speed and efficiency over classical computing methods. Despite this promise, the practical application of quantum computing to visual computing faces numerous challenges, including the complexity of quantum algorithms and the limitations of current quantum hardware. These challenges underscore the necessity for focused research and collaboration in this interdisciplinary area. This Special Issue of IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, "Quantum Visual Computing," aims at drawing attention to these challenges and bringing together pioneering research at the intersection of quantum and visual computing. By fostering dialogue and innovation between these fields, we hope to inspire new solutions and advance the state of the art in both domains.

关键词： Distributed machine learning   Parameter server   Stragglers   Heterogeneous environment   Synchronous parallel  

摘要： Parameter server is widely used in distributed machine learning to accelerate training. However, the increasing heterogeneity of workers' computing capabilities leads to the issue of stragglers, making parameter synchronization challenging. To address this issue, we propose a solution called Worker-Busy Synchronous Parallel (WBSP). This approach eliminates the waiting time of fast workers during the synchronization process and decouples the gradient upload and model download of fast workers into asymmetric parts. By doing so, it allows fast workers to complete multiple steps of local training and upload more gradients to the server, improving computational resource utilization. Additionally, the global model is only updated when the slowest worker uploads the gradients, ensuring the consistency of global models that are pulled down by all workers and the convergence of the global model. Building upon WBSP, we propose an optimized version to further reduce the communication overhead. It enables parallel execution of communication and computation tasks on workers to shorten the global synchronization interval, thereby improving training speed. We conduct theoretical analyses for the proposed mechanisms. Extensive experiments verify that our mechanism can reduce the required time to achieve the target accuracy by up to 60% compared with the fastest method and increase the proportion of computation time from 55%-72% in existing methods to 91%.

关键词： Consciousness   Turing machines   CTM   Explanatory power   Computer science   Cognitive neuroscience   Philosophy of mind  

摘要： The recent "Conscious Turing Machine" (CTM) proposal offered by Manuel and Lenore Blum aims to define and explore consciousness, contribute to the solution of the hard problem, and demonstrate the value of theoretical computer science with respect to the study of consciousness. Surprisingly, given the ambitiousness and novelty of the proposal (and the prominence of its creators), CTM has received relatively little attention. We here seek to remedy this by offering an exhaustive evaluation of CTM. Our evaluation considers the explanatory power of CTM in three different domains of interdisciplinary consciousness studies: the philosophy of mind, cognitive neuroscience, and computation. Based on our evaluation in each of the target domains, at present, any claim that CTM constitutes progress is premature. Nevertheless, the model has potential, and we highlight several possible avenues of future research which proponents of the model may pursue in its development.

关键词： religion   race   public opinion   capital punishment   racial resentment  

摘要： How do racial attitudes affect the relationship between religion and support for capital punishment? Past research has clearly established important links between religion, racial attitudes, and capital punishment. Yet, it remains unclear how racial attitudes affect this relationship. We examine this question using a large sample of respondents from the General Social Survey from 1994 to 2018. We find evidence of a strong moderating effect where the relationship between religion and support for capital punishment varies considerably contingent on racial resentment. At high levels of racial resentment, support for capital punishment is uniformly high across all religious traditions while there are large disparities at low levels of racial resentment. Thus, strongly held, prejudicial racial attitudes overshadow the association between religion and support for capital punishment. Future research should more seriously consider the racial dynamics embedded religion and punishment.

关键词： Generative AI   Globalization   Fourth Industrial Revolution   Social Implications Of Technology   Technology Forecasting   Large Language Models   Chatbots   Video On Demand   Social Networking Online   Computer Science   Web Sites   Internet   Games   Educational Programs   Prompt Engineering   Computer Science   Cold War   Industrial Revolution   Fourth Industrial Revolution   Britannica   Machine Learning   Science And Technology   Students In Class   Syllabus   Security Management   Field Of Computer Science   Department Of Computer Science   Warsaw Pact   Tech Industry   University Of Southern California  

摘要： Generative artificial intelligence is starting a new industrial revolution that is global in scope. The global desire for that technology maybe has started Cold War 2.0.

关键词： UDL Redesign Cycle for Online Courses   Universal Design for Learning   Instructional design   Online course design   Higher education  

摘要： This article focuses on the practical implementation of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in an online computer science course, articulating the collaborative efforts between the instructional designer (the first author) and the faculty member to redesign the course using UDL principles. Specific instances of redesigned learning modules and artifacts in adherence to UDL principles and results and insights gained from the implementation are reported. The article concludes with recommendations for higher education faculty and instructional designers to consider when applying UDL in their online courses.

关键词： Side-channel attacks   Timing   Security   Hardware   Software   Computer science   Behavioral sciences   Cache side-channel attack   eviction-hidden buffer   secure replacement policy  

摘要： Cache side-channel attacks remain a stubborn source of cross-core secret leakage. Such attacks exploit the timing difference between cache hits and misses. Most defenses thus choose to prevent cache evictions. Given that two possible types of evictions-flush-based and conflict-based-use different architectural features, these defenses have to integrate hybrid defense strategies, incur OS modification, and sacrifice performance to completely throttle cache side-channel attacks. In this article, we present TreasureCache against cache side-channel attacks without modifying OS or sacrificing performance. Instead of preventing cache evictions with various costs, we advocate to allow cache evictions as is and hide exploitable evictions in our specialized small eviction-hidden buffer. The buffer guarantees a fast hit time comparative to LLC hits. This instantly closes the timing gap between accessing exploitable blocks when they are in and out of the LLC. Moreover, with the help of our buffer, we no longer have to disable flush instructions or shared memory. A lightweight constant-time flush instruction can help TreasureCache to prevent both flush-based and conflict-based side-channel attacks. We validate TreasureCache security and performance through extensive experiments. With a hardware overhead of less than 0.5%, TreasureCache reduces the secret-leakage resolution by about 1,000 times without introducing any performance slowdown.