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ISBN: (纸本)9798400711770

摘要： Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been established as a source of DNA for genotyping and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients. However, the concentration of tumor-specific circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) varies greatly among specimens and individual patients. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), the gold standard for cfDNA analysis, requires approximately 50-100 ng of DNA to ensure adequate sensitivity and coverage for detecting mutations and other genomic alterations. Many samples do not meet the minimum ctDNA concentration required for proper NGS analysis (library preparation). We have shown that digital PCR (dPCR) is a superior alternative for MRD target mutations detection in cHL (Prochazka et al., Blood 2022; 140 (Suppl 1): 6417-6418), which is faster, less expensive, and spares ctDNA quantity. The validity of the dPCR at very low concentration ctDNA samples has not been well described. Aim: To perform a multiplex digital PCR MRD target mutation screening in low-concentration ctDNA samples not suitable for NGS analysis. Methods: CfDNA was extracted from peripheral blood plasma using the QiaAmp Circulating Nucleic Acid Kit (Qiagen) at the time of diagnosis or relapse. For library preparation, we used SureSelect XT HS2 technology (Agilent Technologies) based on “target enrichment” with molecular barcodes. Sequencing was performed on a NovaSeq6000 (Illumina). Data were analyzed with SureCall software (Agilent Technologies) with a sensitivity of 1.0% variant allele frequency (VAF). The detected variants were annotated using COSMIC, dbSNP, Ensembl, and ClinVar. Samples with cfDNA below 40 ng were deemed unsuitable for analysis using our NGS panel. For dPCR experiments, we used the Naica® system 6-color digital PCR (Stilla Technologies Inc.) with Sapphire chips. In total, we used three screening assays: one for a hotspot mutation in the XPO1 gene p.(E571K) and two multiplex dPCR assays for mutations in the STAT6 gene p.(

关键词： 量子计算   计算机科学   量子加密   量子通信  

摘要： 文章介绍了量子计算的基本概念与传统计算方式,分享了量子计算的发展历程,旨在深入探讨量子计算在计算机科学与技术领域的研究进展和实际应用。详细阐述了量子计算的理论基础、量子算法及量子纠错技术,基于此进一步探讨了量子计算的实际应用并提供了具体的案例分析。同时,对量子计算的技术挑战进行了分析,并展望了未来走向。该研究不仅在揭示量子计算的基本原理和实际应用方面发挥着关键作用,也为量子计算技术的进步和实际应用提供了经验。

关键词： 机器翻译   计算机科技论文摘要   错误类型   译后编辑策略  

摘要： 本研究采用定性和定量分析方法,系统归类了计算机科技文本摘要中机器翻译出现的错误,其中不符合中文表达习惯的翻译错误占比最大,其次是术语误译、误译、欠译、漏译、过译以及赘译。本研究发现,长难句、被动语态以及术语翻译是造成机器翻译错误的主要原因。针对源文本的逻辑缜密、语步序固定等特征,本研究针对性地对各类错误类型提出了相应译后编辑策略。By means of quantitative and qualitative research methods, this study systematically classifies the errors in MT-generated computer science abstracts. Results show that unidiomatic translation makes up a relatively significant share, followed by terminology mistranslation, mistranslation, under-translation, omission, over-translation, and addition. Due to the informative and academic text features of source texts, long and complex sentences, passive voice and term translation are the main causes of machine translation errors. In view of the logical organization and sequenced structure of source text requirement, this study puts forward well-directed corresponding post-editing strategies.

关键词： 计算机科学与技术   现代化   应用措施  

摘要： 随着信息技术的飞速发展,计算机科学与技术已广泛应用于各个领域。文章探讨了计算机科学与技术在档案管理、医院管理、农业机械管理及教育领域等现代化应用,分析了这些应用中存在的问题,并提出了相应的优化措施,旨在为推动计算机科学与技术的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词： 应用型人才   计算机在材料科学中的应用   工程教育认证   教学改革   教学实践  

摘要： 在应用型人才培养需要、工程教育认证要求的背景下,材料类专业开设《计算机在材料科学中的应用》课程极其重要。该课程是培养学生具备满足工程教育认证提出的“毕业要求5:使用现代工具”能力的重要支撑课程。本文深入分析了以往本校乃至其他高校开设此门课程在教学实践过程中所存在的问题,作出课程教改与实践探索,通过教改和教学实践探索,设定了课程目标,优化了课程内容,革新了教学实践过程,打造出适合于应用型人才培养、符合工程教育认证要求的《计算机在材料科学中的应用》课程。探索形成的相关结果和规律不仅能够为开设有此门课程的高校提供参考还能为相近课程的教授提供教改借鉴,起到辐射示范作用。Under the background of the need for application-oriented personnel training and the requirements of engineering education certification, it is extremely important for materials majors to offer the course “Application of Computer in Materials Science”. This course is an important supporting course to train students to meet the “graduation requirement 5: Using modern tools” proposed by the Engineering Education certification. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the teaching practice of this course offered by the university and other universities in the past, and makes curriculum reform and practice exploration. Through the teaching reform and teaching practice exploration, the course objectives are set, the course content is optimized, and the teaching practice process is reformed. The course “Application of Computer in Materials Science”, which is suitable for the training of applied talents and meets the requirements of engineering education certification, has been created. The relevant results and rules formed by the exploration can not only provide reference for the universities offering this course, but also provide teaching reform reference for professors of similar courses, and play a radiation demonstration role.

关键词： 产教融合   高职院校   人才培养模式   改革实践  

摘要： 随着信息技术的迅猛发展和产业需求的变化,高职院校计算机专业的人才培养模式面临重大挑战。传统模式难以满足现代计算机行业对综合型技术人才的需求。基于产教融合理念,文章以广州康大职业技术学院计算机应用相关专业为例,探讨了高职院校计算机专业人才培养模式的改革路径,分析了改革的实践案例,并提出实施过程中的问题及解决方案。研究表明,通过优化课程体系、创新教学方法、深化校企合作和培养综合素质,可以有效提升计算机专业学生的实践能力和市场竞争力。

摘要： The ungrading movement seeks to shift student focus from earning grades to meaningful learning by replacing numerical and letter grades with actionable feedback. In this study, three upper-level computer science courses in system architecture, web application development, and software engineering were modified to use ungrading strategies by replacing weighted numerical grading with detailed feedback to encourage continuous improvement. The effectiveness of the selected methods showed mixed results across the three courses. Asking students to focus on the learning process instead of fixating on grades was found to run counter to the ingrained educational mindset with which they are familiar. Additional research will be needed to develop techniques to support learning for intellectual discovery and to build students' self-regulation skills.

关键词： Attendance management system   Embedded computer   Face recognition   Haar cascade classification   Machine learning  

摘要： Haar Cascade is a cost-effective and user-friendly machine learning-based algorithm for detecting objects in images and videos. Unlike Deep Learning algorithms, which typically require significant resources and expensive computing costs, it uses simple image processing techniques like edge detection and Haar features that are easy to comprehend and implement. By combining Haar Cascade with OpenCV2 on an embedded computer like the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, this system can accurately detect and match faces in a database for attendance tracking. This system aims to achieve several specific objectives that set it apart from existing solutions. It leverages Haar Cascade, enriched with carefully selected Haar features, such as Haar-like wavelets, and employs advanced edge detection techniques. These techniques enable precise face detection and matching in both images and videos, contributing to high accuracy and robust performance. By doing so, it minimizes manual intervention and reduces errors, thereby strengthening accountability. Additionally, the integration of OpenCV2 and the NVIDIA Jetson Nano optimizes processing efficiency, making it suitable for resource-constrained environments. This system caters to a diverse range of educational institutions, including schools, colleges, vocational training centers, and various workplace settings such as small businesses, offices, and factories. Its adaptability to distinct organizational requirements ensures its relevance and effectiveness across a broad spectrum of users. One of the distinguishing features of this system is its robust integration with databases. It enables efficient storage of attendance records and supports customizable report generation. This comprehensive data management capability ensures that attendance data is readily accessible for monitoring and analysis purposes, contributing to improved decision-making processes. Implementing this Haar Cascade-based attendance management system offers several significan