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关键词： Computer science   Machine learning   Policy   Society  

摘要： The deployment of capable AI agents raises fresh questions about safety, human-machine relationships and social coordination.

关键词： Computer science   Machine learning  

摘要： One version of the gpt-oss large language model can run on a laptop, and performs nearly as well as the company’s most powerful models.

关键词： Videos   Assembly   Visualization   Motion pictures   Computer science   Sequential analysis   Representation learning   Encoding   Annotations   Animation   Computational video editing   contrastive learning   shot assembly   vlog generation  

摘要： The how-to vlog has gained popularity as a medium for learning practical skills, such as cooking and handcrafting. The sequencing process of these videos should meticulously integrate storytelling and cinematographic elements to ensure audience comprehension and engagement, posing a significant challenge for novice creators. Pioneer efforts have adhered to predefined editing rules or assembled clips based on textual logic, limiting their applicability across diverse educational scenarios and causing visual discontinuities. In contrast, we aim to extract rich cinematographic patterns from well-edited professional how-to vlogs to enhance shot assembly. To this end, we identify two crucial aspects influencing educational value: narrative continuity and scale transition. We model the shot assembly process as a task of selecting the next shot and devise a cinematographic-aware contrastive model to learn representations that distinguish between the good next shots against the bad ones. This method incorporates a two-stream cinematographic-aware encoding module for explicit factor encoding and a situation-adaptive attention-based integration module to accommodate varying assembly scenarios. Quantitative results from our novel professional user-generated vlogs dataset (proVlog-HowTo) clearly demonstrate the proposed method's effectiveness. User study results further indicate its superiority in generating videos with narrative continuity and smooth transitions.

关键词： computer science   computational analysis   automation   machine learning   implants   Industry 4.0   Industry 5.0  

摘要： Featured Application The potential application of the article concerns the research and modification of mechanical properties of new collagen implants used in *** Collagen implants in neurosurgery are widely used due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to support tissue regeneration, but their mechanical properties, such as low tensile strength and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation, remain challenging. Current technologies are improving these implants through cross-linking, synthetic reinforcements, and advanced manufacturing techniques such as 3D bioprinting to improve durability and predictability. Industry 4.0 is contributing to this by automating production, using data analytics and machine learning to optimize implant properties and ensure quality control. In Industry 5.0, the focus is shifting to personalization, enabling the creation of patient-specific implants through human-machine collaboration and advanced biofabrication. eHealth integrates digital monitoring systems, enabling real-time tracking of implant healing and performance to inform personalized care. Despite progress, challenges such as cost, material property variability, and scalability for mass production remain. The future lies in smart biomaterials, AI-driven design, and precision biofabrication, which could mean the possibility of creating more effective, accessible, and patient-specific collagen implants. The aim of this article is to examine the current state and determine the prospects for the development of mechanical properties of collagen implant used in neurosurgery towards Industry 4.0/5.0, including ML model.

关键词： Sharding   Security   Protocols   Consensus protocol   Throughput   Internet of Things   Computer science   Electronic mail   Hardware   Fault tolerant systems   Blockchain   blockchain sharding   cross-shard transaction processing   intrashard transaction processing  

摘要： A promising way to overcome the scalability limitations of the current blockchain is to use sharding, which is to split the transaction processing among multiple, smaller groups of nodes. A well-performing blockchain sharding system requires both high performance and high security in both intra- and cross-shard perspectives. However, existing protocols either have issues in protecting security or tradeoff great performance for security. In this article, we propose SP-Chain, a blockchain sharding system with enhanced security and performance for both intra- and cross-shard perspectives. For the intrashard aspect, we design a pipelined two-phase concurrent voting scheme to provide high system throughput and low transaction confirmation latency. Moreover, we propose an efficient unbiased leader rotation scheme to ensure high performance under malicious behavior. For the cross-shard aspect, a proof-assisted efficient cross-shard transaction processing mechanism is proposed to guard cross-shard transactions with low overhead. We implement SP-Chain based on Harmony, and evaluate its performance via large-scale deployment. Extensive evaluations suggest that SP-Chain can process more than 10000 tx/s under malicious behaviors with a confirmation latency of 7.6 s in a network of 4000 nodes.

关键词： Computer science   K-12 education   Physical computing   Systematic review  

摘要： Physical computing is a field that involves the use of sensors, actuators, and microcontrollers to build systems that interact with the environment. This approach has been used in education, particularly to teach computer science, programming, computational thinking, and design concepts. This systematic review explores the use of physical computing in K-12 education, with a focus on what educational interventions are like, how they are assessed, their effects, and how students experience them. We included 43 scientific studies that describe the methodology and assessment process used in the intervention. We found that physical computing interventions have three types of expected educational outcomes: to learn physical computing itself, to improve other learning outcomes, or to improve attitudinal variables. The interventions use a variety of educational methods to achieve their goals; as well as a variety of instruments to measure outcomes. A common lesson structure has emerged, widely adopted across classrooms, including a short lecture followed by a hands-on phase, usually including teamwork to foster collaboration. Further comparative and long-term studies are needed to understand how physical computing interventions affect students, especially those who are underrepresented.

关键词： 岗课赛证融合   中职计算机专业   教学模式  

摘要： 作为培养技术技能型人才的重要阵地,中职计算机专业需要不断探索创新教学模式,以适应市场需求。以岗课赛证融合为切入点,深入分析了岗课赛证融合的内涵及意义,探讨了当前中职计算机专业教学存在的问题,并提出了基于岗课赛证融合的中职计算机专业教学模式构建策略,旨在为中职计算机专业教学改革提供参考。

关键词： 数字游戏   中华优秀传统文化   两创   黑神话:悟空  

摘要： 数字游戏凭借其交互性、沉浸性、全球化传播优势及文化再生产模式,成为中华优秀传统文化“两创”的新型媒介载体。相较于传统媒介,数字游戏以解码能力支撑文化转化、以参与机制促进流行适配、以互嵌策略实现全球传播、以生态构建完善实践闭环。以《黑神话:悟空》为例,该作品通过符号转译路径,运用高精度建模还原古建筑群落,融合武术美学与现代游戏机制突破“文化折扣”壁垒;通过叙事重构路径,以碎片化叙事和“道德选择机制”传递哲学内核,借助跨媒介形式拓展表达维度;通过全球化传播路径,以视听奇观吸引国际受众,结合本地化运营与社群共创深化文化认同,形成“虚拟体验—文化认知—现实实践”的传播链条。该作品在坚守技术自信与文化自信的基础上,既以文化基因锚定规避价值异化风险,又通过构建跨文化符号的适应性转化体系,推动优秀传统文化从本土传承走向全球对话,在赓续“文化根脉”中构建新的话语体系。未来需进一步强化技术伦理与价值评估的协同机制,通过用户共创及多模态叙事构建“本土化表达—全球化共鸣”的话语体系,促进多元文明的共生共荣。

关键词： 宫颈癌   化疗   基于互动达标理论   护理   心理状态   生活质量  

摘要： 目的:探讨基于互动达标理论的护理干预对宫颈癌化疗患者心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法:选取2021年1月—2024年1月安顺市人民医院收治的105例宫颈癌化疗患者作为研究对象,按照随机数法对患者进行分组,其中对照组(n=52,采用常规护理干预)、观察组(n=53,采用基于互动达标理论的护理干预),分别于干预前、后采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、中文版Herth希望量表(HHI)、宫颈癌患者生命质量评价量表(QLS-CCP)对两组心理状态以及生活质量进行评估,并比较两组护理总满意度。结果:干预后,观察组与同期对照组相比HAMA评分、HAMD评分均更低,而HHI量表、QLS-CCP量表各项评分均更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理总满意率为(96.23%)高于对照组(82.69%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于互动达标理论的护理干预能有效改善宫颈癌化疗患者心理状态,提高希望水平和生活质量,且护理满意度更高。