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摘要： Marcia Johnson pioneered new theoretical models of human memory that capture the flexibility of cognition. She has elucidated component processes of memory through behavioral and neuroimaging studies and through research on human development, normal aging, and neurological disorders. Her work explicates fundamental processes that can explain how the same memory system can exhibit both fidelity and malleability, and thus her work has important implications for critical societal concerns in the areas of clinical science, social psychology, and psychology and the law.

摘要： From its very inception, all traffic on what we now know as the Internet has been conveyed using a suite of protocols collectively called Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Remarkably, these protocols, designed in 1974 by Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn to allow individual computer networks to internetwork, have remained essentially unchanged since they were created. TCP/IP was originally adopted to provide the protocols of the newly emerging Internet in the early 1980s and has scaled without change to power the global Internet of today. The goal of TCP/IP was to create a single protocol that could power networks sitting on very different communications systems, from point-to-point computer connection, satellite-connected networks with very high latency, and mobile packet-switch networks with ever changing communications reliability. This effort succeeded remarkably.

关键词： Bioinformatics   Computer science   Malaria   Typhoid fever   Sequence alignment   Expert system  

摘要： Malaria and typhoid fever are revered for their ability to individually or jointly cause high mortality rate. Both malaria and typhoid fever have similar symptoms and are famous for their co-existence in the human body, hence, causes problem of under-diagnosis when doctors tries to determine the exact disease out of the two diseases. This paper proposes a Bioinformatics Based Decision Support System (BBDSS) for malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid diagnosis. The system is a hybrid of expert system and global alignment with constant penalty. The architecture of the proposed system takes input diagnosis sequence and benchmark diagnosis sequences through the browser, store these diagnosis sequences in the Knowledge base and set up the IF-THEN rules guiding the diagnosis decisions for malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid respectively. The matching engine component of the system receives as input the input sequence and applies global alignment technique with constant penalty for the matching between the input sequence and the three benchmark sequences in turns. The global alignment technique with constant penalty applies its pre-defined process to generate optimal alignment and determine the disease condition of the patient through alignment scores comparison for the three benchmark diagnosis sequences. In order to evaluate the proposed system, ANOVA was used to compare the means of the three independent groups (malaria, typhoid and malaria typhoid) to determine whether there is statistical evidence that the associated values on the diagnosis variables means are significantly different. The ANOVA results indicated that the mean of the values on diagnosis variables is significantly different for at least one of the disease status groups. Similarly, multiple comparisons tests was further used to explicitly identify which means were different from one another. The multiple comparisons results showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the values on the d

关键词： Software engineering   Industries   Software   Education   Knowledge engineering   Computer science   Information systems   Software engineering education   industry needs   important skills   knowledge gap   software engineering curriculum  

摘要： Many recent software engineering graduates often face difficulties when beginning their professional careers, due to misalignment of the skills learned in their university education with what is needed in industry. In this article, we report a literature review of the studies that have been done to make improvements on this issue.

关键词： Data mining   Frequency measurement   Sea measurements   Gallium nitride   Transaction databases   Computer science   Interesting pattern   utility mining   utility occupancy   utility theory  

摘要： Mining useful patterns from varied types of databases is an important research topic, which has many real-life applications. Most studies have considered the frequency as sole interestingness measure to identify high-quality patterns. However, each object is different in nature. The relative importance of objects is not equal, in terms of criteria, such as the utility, risk, or interest. Besides, another limitation of frequent patterns is that they generally have a low occupancy, that is, they often represent small sets of items in transactions containing many items and, thus, may not be truly representative of these transactions. To extract high-quality patterns in real-life applications, this paper extends the occupancy measure to also assess the utility of patterns in transaction databases. We propose an efficient algorithm named high-utility occupancy pattern mining (HUOPM). It considers user preferences in terms of frequency, utility, and occupancy. A novel frequency-utility tree and two compact data structures, called the utility-occupancy list and frequency-utility table, are designed to provide global and partial downward closure properties for pruning the search space. The proposed method can efficiently discover the complete set of high-quality patterns without candidate generation. Extensive experiments have been conducted on several datasets to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the derived patterns are intelligible, reasonable, and acceptable, and that HUOPM with its pruning strategies outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm, in terms of runtime and search space, respectively.

关键词： Applied mathematics   Computer science   Conjugate gradient method   Projection method   Convex constraints   Compressive sensing  

摘要： Combining the projection method of Solodov and Svaiter with the Liu-Storey and Fletcher Reeves conjugate gradient algorithm of Djordjevic for unconstrained minimization problems, a hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm is proposed and extended to solve convex constrained nonlinear monotone equations. Under some suitable conditions, the global convergence result of the proposed method is established. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to solve the..1-norm regularized problems to restore sparse signal and image in compressive sensing. Numerical comparisons of the proposed algorithm versus some other conjugate gradient algorithms on a set of benchmark test problems, sparse signal reconstruction and image restoration in compressive sensing show that the proposed scheme is computationally more efficient and robust than the compared schemes.

关键词： Bioinformatics   Computer Science   Drug-Target   Class imbalance   Feature engineering   Ensemble classifier   Classification  

摘要： The task of drug-target interaction prediction holds significant importance in pharmacology and therapeutic drug design. In this paper, we present FRnet-DTI, an auto-encoder based feature manipulation and a convolutional neural network based classifier for drug target interaction prediction. Two convolutional neural networks are proposed: FRnet-Encode and FRnet-Predict. Here, one model is used for feature manipulation and the other one for classification. Using the first method FRnet-Encode, we generate 4096 features for each of the instances in each of the datasets and use the second method, FRnet-Predict, to identify interaction probability employing those features. We have tested our method on four gold standard datasets extensively used by other researchers. Experimental results shows that our method significantly improves over the state-of-the-art method on three out of four drug-target interaction gold standard datasets on both area under curve for Receiver Operating Characteristic (auROC) and area under Precision Recall curve (auPR) metric. We also introduce twenty new potential drug-target pairs for interaction based on high prediction scores. The source codes and implementation details of our methods are availablefrom https://***/farshidrayhanuiu/FRnet-DTI/ and also readily available to use as an web application from http://***/FRnet-DTI/.

关键词： Cancer   Computer science   Health care  

摘要： Artificial intelligence can spot subtle patterns that can easily be missed by humans.

关键词： Measurement   Companies   Software   Computer science   Product development   Media   Planning   Data-driven development   A   B tests   online controlled experiments   experiment lifecycle  

摘要： Unlike other techniques for learning from customers, online controlled experiments (OCEs) establish an accurate and causal relationship between a change and the impact observed. We show that OCEs help optimize infrastructure needs and aid in project planning and measuring team efforts. We conclude that product development should fully integrate the experiment lifecycle to benefit from the OCEs.

关键词： Optimization   Linear programming   Search problems   Convergence   Heuristic algorithms   Cybernetics   Computer science   Domain decomposition   hybrid process   objective decomposition   partial differentiable objective function   simulated water-stream algorithm (SWA  

摘要： This paper addresses a class of optimization problems in which either part of the objective function is differentiable while the rest is nondifferentiable or the objective function is differentiable in only part of the domain. Accordingly, we propose a dual-decomposition-based approach that includes both objective decomposition and domain decomposition. In the former, the original objective function is decomposed into several relatively simple subobjectives to isolate the nondifferentiable part of the objective function, and the problem is consequently formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP). In the latter decomposition, we decompose the domain into two subdomains, that is, the differentiable and nondifferentiable domains, to isolate the nondifferentiable domain of the nondifferentiable subobjective. Subsequently, the problem can be optimized with different schemes in the different subdomains. We propose a population-based optimization algorithm, called the simulated water-stream algorithm (SWA), for solving this MOP. The SWA is inspired by the natural phenomenon of water streams moving toward a basin, which is analogous to the process of searching for the minimal solutions of an optimization problem. The proposed SWA combines the deterministic search and heuristic search in a single framework. Experiments show that the SWA yields promising results compared with its existing counterparts.