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关键词： Computer science   Electrical engineering   Safety engineering   Internet of things   System diagnostics   Electric power transmission   System fault detection   Computer-aided engineering   Predictive maintenance   IoT   Safety operation   FPGA   QUEST  

摘要： As technology has improved in recent years, it has become possible to create new valuable functions by combining various devices and sensors in a network. This concept is referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT), and predictive maintenance is a new valuable function associated with the IoT. In large-scale experimental facilities with many researchers, it is not desirable that experiments cannot be performed due to sudden failure of equipment. For this reason, it is important to predict the failure in advance based on the measurement results of sensors and to perform repairs in a planned manner. On the Q-shu University experiment with steady-state spherical tokamak (QUEST) large experimental device, it is necessary to drive a large current of 50 kA, and the diagnosis of its power line deterioration is well performed as predictive maintenance through the evaluation of its contact resistances of several micro ohms order on the network. In addition, as an example of the IoT, mechanisms to assist safe operation, such as a sound alarm system and an entrance management system, are built by sharing experimental information between devices via the network.

关键词： Trajectory   Sports   Circuits and systems   Social networking (online)   Games   Partitioning algorithms   Computer science   Trajectory   community detection   modularity   social network  

摘要： Community phenomenon is ubiquitous in our social activities. For instance, in a football match, the players are divided into two disjoint teams (i.e., communities) in which the ball is frequently forwarded from one player to another, generating many ball transferring trajectories. It is interesting to do a community detection which is only based on the objective trajectories for some specific purpose such as the fraud player detection. In this brief, we first artificially collect the football trajectories for at least 20 football matches of 2018 FIFA World Cup. Secondly, we build a football transferring network in which the link weight is the number of ball transfers from one player to another. Thirdly, we propose a seed based local bottom-up community detection (LBPCD) method which discovers new team members gradually by maximizing the defined modularity. Finally, we compose experiments on both the collected football data and an email network to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Barbados   Canada   Enslavement   Education   Residential schools  

摘要： This paper is a case study of Black Barbadians, colonialism, and education systems on the Island and Canada. Throughout their respective histories and contemporary realities, euro-centric systems of education have been tools to control and conform Black and Indigenous peoples. This piece argues that groups, including racially conscious Black liberators, can support Black student achievement in Canada, by indoctrinating the values of a West Indian, specifically Barbadian, culture of education. This culture of education for Black youth is rooted in the post-Emancipation Barbadian history. This article will compare how racist colonial education systems, impacted Indigenous peoples in Canada and facilitated the emigration and settlement of Black Barbadians.

关键词： Pareto optimization   Convergence   Benchmark testing   Minimization   Evolutionary computation   Computer science   Convergence   decision space diversity   density estimation   evolutionary multimodal multiobjective optimization (EMMO)   test problems  

摘要： There may exist more than one Pareto optimal solution with the same objective vector to a multimodal multiobjective optimization problem (MMOP). The difficulties in finding such solutions can be different. Although a number of evolutionary multimodal multiobjective algorithms (EMMAs) have been proposed, they are unable to solve such an MMOP due to their convergence-first selection criteria. They quickly converge to the Pareto optimal solutions which are easy to find and therefore lose diversity in the decision space. That is, such an MMOP features an imbalance between achieving convergence and preserving diversity in the decision space. In this article, we first present a set of imbalanced distance minimization benchmark problems. Then we propose an evolutionary algorithm using a convergence-penalized density method (CPDEA). In CPDEA, the distances among solutions in the decision space are transformed based on their local convergence quality. Their density values are estimated based on the transformed distances and used as the selection criterion. We compare CPDEA with five state-of-the-art EMMAs on the proposed benchmarks. Our experimental results show that CPDEA is clearly superior in solving these problems.

关键词： Business   Computer science   Pharmaceutical science   Biotechnology   Startup readiness   Research-based startups   Paper citation networks   Co-authorship networks   Academic entrepreneurship   Startup finances   Venture capital   User-inspired fundamental research   Technological innovation   Biopharmaceuticals  

摘要： For research domains such as life sciences, which pursue fundamental scientific understanding and applications intended for immediate use, academic entrepreneurship has played a pivotal role in commercialization. This paper presents an evaluation method of researchers related to user -inspired fundamental research, using global databases of startup finances and academic research papers of "startup readiness." Case studies of startups related to biopharmaceutical research topics suggest that the biopharmaceutical field has rich opportunities stemming from scientific research, commercialization, and entrepreneurship. This evaluation method sorts specific industry segments by which financing activities are active, and by which related growing research topics attract increased academic attention. We constructed networks of author citation and co -authorship from paper citation networks related to research topics in industry segments in the biopharmaceutical domain. Results obtained across all research topics we surveyed demonstrated that authors in the top 10% of degree centrality ranking in both networks are far more likely to be startup participants than other authors. Our computational approach might provide convenient, dynamic, global, and real-time understanding of the "startup readiness" of researchers working with research topics for which academic attention is emerging in actively financed biopharmaceutical fields.

关键词： Women in STEM   Mediated technologies   Work life negotiations   Mobile phone   Interactivity   Global south  

摘要： The dominant literature on interactivity of mobile phones treats it as a feature of the device that is neutral and value-free. Mostly quantitative studies of interactivity consider it as a stable construct, devoid of the contexts that constitute it. Of particular interest is the nature of interactivity in women's lives within patriarchal home and work spaces. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 35 women in STEM careers in Singapore, I depict the gendered nature of mobile phone use, situated amid patriarchal structures, familial roles, and cultural norms. Specifically I examine the ways in which the meanings of interactivity are constituted amid gendered familial, sociocultural, and organizational spaces. The participants offer a conceptual framework of interactivity that challenges the techno-deterministic literature positioning new technologies as emancipatory solutions. The interactive features on mobile phones reproduce and magnify the gendered challenges experienced by the participants, adding new forms of reproductive labour. Gendered expectations of housework extend to interactions with the mobile device, with the device shaping the frequency, duration, and immediacy of interactions. Moreover, these interactive features afford specific forms of male interactions such as informal work chat groups that exclude women and simultaneously serve as spaces of decision-making. Features such as video chats and text messages further magnify the erasure of women in STEM amid patriarchal STEM cultures. Similarly, social media constitute structures that shape gendered performances although positive interactions on social media are seen as coping resources.

关键词： Peer-to-peer computing   Servers   Mobile ad hoc networks   Wireless networks   Computer science   Monitoring   Infrastructure-less networks   mobile point-of-interests   query processing   validity region  

摘要： A region-based querying has been widely used to update the freshness of query result and reduce the query traffic in diverse wireless networks. Most prior querying approaches implicitly assume infrastructure-based networks but we need to relax this assumption by considering limited coverage or even unavailability of the network. In this paper, we propose an elastic validity region and its corresponding query operation, called MQry, in an infrastructure-less network with mobile point-of-interests (POIs). Due to the mobility of nodes and POIs, it is challenging how to efficiently build and update a validity region. Each query replying node that contributes in building an initial validity region judiciously switches its monitor operation on the queried POI. The query issuing node adjusts the current validity region to reduce the number of redundant queries without hurting the freshness of queried result. The query operations of both query issuing and replying nodes are depicted using finite state machines for clarity. We conduct extensive simulation experiments using the OMNeT++ for performance evaluation and comparison with four existing schemes. The simulation results show that the MQry can adaptively change the size of validity region and be a viable querying approach in infrastructure-less networks.

关键词： Crowdsourcing   Social network services   Task analysis   Tagging   Mobile handsets   Computer science   Systematics   Crowdsourcing   empirical study   human-centered computing   hypothesis testing   information system   interaction network   interaction pattern   network evolution   online community   social computing   social network (SN) analysis   social networking   time-series decomposition  

摘要： A social crowdsourcing community (SCC) is a moderated online community where members participate in activities designed to elicit their opinions concerning topics related to products or services. This emerging paradigm of human computation systems is distinct in which it combines the powers of crowdsourcing and social networking to allow for systematic querying of crowds and synthesizing response data (i.e., contributions) into coherent reports for decision-makers. Since the SCC paradigm is relatively new, we apply methods from social network analysis and related fields to help answer important questions relevant to SCCs. We demonstrate the applicability of these methods by analyzing five years of interactions in a private SCC starting from its inception. This analysis reveals the patterns in members' interactions within the SCC and key factors that affect them. In addition, the analysis reveals the patterns in the evolution of these interactions.

摘要： The article briefly profiles Brown University computer science professor Michael Littman, and his efforts to teach computer science, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning to a broad audience.