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关键词： Visualization   Textiles   Navigation   Computer science   Learning systems   Usability   Licenses   Cognitive beliefs   ease of use   intention to use   online-learning   trust   usefulness   user interface  

摘要： Online learning is the most widely used application in educational institutions, particularly during the pandemic (COVID-19). However, shortcomings in online learning systems negatively impact learner's attitudes and intention to use. Especially poor interface design can increase the cognitive load that ultimately affects the learner's intention to use. The design aspects that could be convenient, useful, and trustworthy in an online learning context are an emerging challenge and the primary purpose behind this study. So, in current research, the effect of different design aspects or attributes (i.e., interactivity, information, navigation, and visual) have been examined on learners' cognitive beliefs (i.e., ease of use and usefulness), trust, and ultimately intention to use. The proposed model was used to determine the learner's intention to use via trust, cognitive beliefs, and design aspects. Data was collected from the students at different Universities in Punjab, Pakistan, using a questionnaire embedded in an online learning prototype. PLS-SEM method was employed for analysis using the SmartPLS tool. The findings show that among the used design attributes, interaction, information, and visual design significantly influence the learner's cognitive beliefs, where navigation partially influences the cognitive beliefs. Furthermore, both cognitive beliefs (i.e., ease of use and usefulness) were observed to be strong determinants of trust. This study importantly contributes to the e-learning domain by providing a comprehensive understanding of learners' perceptions and experiences related to interface design that leads to intention to use.

关键词： Optimization   Urban areas   Particle swarm optimization   Education   Computer science   Task analysis   Standards   Multiple-choice tests   multi-swarm optimization   multi-objective optimization   parallelism  

摘要： In this study, a novel method for generating multiple-choice tests is presented, which extracts the required number of tests of the same levels of difficulty in a single attempt and approximates the difficulty level requirement given by users. We propose an approach using parallelism and Pareto optimization for multi-swarm migration in a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Multi-PSO is proposed for shortening the computing time. The proposed migration of PSOs increases the diversity of tests and controls the overlap of extracted tests. The experimental results show that the proposed method can generate many tests from question banks satisfying predefined levels of difficulty. Additionally, the developed method is shown to be effective in terms of many criteria when compared with other methods such as manually extracted tests, a simulated annealing algorithm (SA), random methods and PSO-based approaches in terms of the number of successful solutions, accuracy, standard deviation, search speed, and the number of questions overlapping between the exam questions, as well as for changing the search space, changing the number of individuals, changing the number of swarms, and changing the difficulty requirements.

关键词： 小学   计算机科学与技术   课改   思考  

摘要： 计算机已逐渐进入人们的现实生活,并在各个角落得到广泛使用。在小学阶段,教师应加强计算机科学和技术的教育和教学。但是,小学计算机科学与技术教学还是面临一些问题的,在新的教学形势下,如何完美解决这些问题就显得愈发重要。下面分析了当前小学计算机科学与技术教育的改革目标,并提出在以后的教学中,要着重突出学生的主导位置,提高教学质量。

关键词： Pattern recognition  

摘要： The growth and popularization of platforms on scientific production have been the subject of several studies, producing relevant analyses of co-authorship behavior among groups of researchers. Researchers and their scientific productions can be analyzed as co-authorship social networks, so researchers are linked through common publications. In this context, co-authoring networks can be analyzed to find patterns that can describe or characterize them. This work presents the analysis and characterization of co-authorship networks of academic Brazilian graduate programs in computer science. To this end, data from the curricula of Brazilian researchers were collected and modeled as co-authoring networks among the graduate programs that researchers participate in. Each network topology was analyzed regarding complex network measurements and three qualitative indices that evaluate the publication’s quality. In addition, the co-authorship networks of the graduate programs were characterized in relation to the evaluation received by CAPES, which attributes a qualitative grade to the graduate programs in Brazil. The results indicate some of the most relevant topological measures for the program’s characterization and evaluate at different qualitative rates and indicate a pattern of the graduate programs best evaluated by CAPES. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Computer Science   Human-Computer Interaction   Psychology  

摘要： Computational psychiatry is a nascent field that attempts to use multi-level analyses of the underlying computational problems that we face in navigating a complex, uncertain and changing world to illuminate mental dysfunction and disease. Two particular foci of the field are the costs and benefits of environmental adaptivity and the danger and necessity of heuristics. Here, we examine the extent to which these foci and others can be used to study the actual and potential flaws of the artificial computational devices that we are increasingly inventing and empowering to navigate this very same environment on our behalf.

关键词： modeling   heterologous biosynthetic pathways   competing endogenous metabolic reactions   optimization   microbial cell factories   isoprene   bioinformatics   computer science  

摘要： Developing computational tools that can facilitate the rational design of cell factories producing desired products at increased yields is challenging, as the tool needs to take into account that the preferred host organism usually has compounds that are consumed by competing reactions that reduce the yield of the desired product. On the other hand, the preferred host organisms may not have the native metabolic reactions needed to produce the compound of interest;thus, the computational tool needs to identify the metabolic reactions that will most efficiently produce the desired product. In this regard, we developed the generic tool PATH(cre8) to facilitate an optimized search for heterologous biosynthetic pathway routes. PATH(cre8) finds and ranks biosynthesis routes in a large number of organisms, including Cyanobacteria. The tool ranks the pathways based on feature scores that reflect reaction thermodynamics, the potentially toxic products in the pathway (compound toxicity), intermediate products in the pathway consumed by competing reactions (product consumption), and host-specific information such as enzyme copy number. A comparison with several other similar tools shows that PATH(cre8) is more efficient in ranking functional pathways. To illustrate the effectiveness of PATH(cre8), we further provide case studies focused on isoprene production and the biodegradation of cocaine. PATH(cre8) is free for academic and nonprofit users and can be accessed at https://***/pathcre8/.

摘要： The article focuses on French artist Yann Couedor interweaves all forms of artistic expression, inspired by African American culture. It mentions he starts his career in the capital in 2004 by creating a collective aimed at promoting artists and portrays several personalities including rap stars. It also mentions fresco planned for a future exhibition as an indirect way to impose the terms of a debate around Black Lives Matter movement.

摘要： (Bloomberg) -- Dhiru, an Indian teenager who entered 10th grade this year, hasn't attended even one day of class since the academic year began in April. 'The digital divide in India is an ongoing problem and the pandemic has definitely made it worse', said Sumeysh Srivastava, a New Delhi-based internet-access researcher at Nyaaya, an open-access platform that provides simple and actionable legal information. [Extracted from the article]

摘要： (Bloomberg) -- Dhiru, an Indian teenager who entered 10th grade this year, hasn't attended even one day of class since the academic year began in April. 'The digital divide in India is an ongoing problem and the pandemic has definitely made it worse', said Sumeysh Srivastava, a New Delhi-based internet-access researcher at Nyaaya, an open-access platform that provides simple and actionable legal information. [Extracted from the article]

关键词： oral history   research and topics   mourning   Black culture   cultural heritage   death   COVID-19   scholar   profession   scholar practitioner  

摘要： As a scholar practitioner, a trained philosophical theologian, Methodist clergywoman, and social enterprise founder who is conducting oral histories as part of my doctoral internship in the IUPUI Arts and Humanities Institute, my scholarly lens and methodological skills are being defined as I interrogate the COVID-19 archive. In this article I attempt to offer some preliminary reflections on my oral history curation focused on how Black and brown artists and activists, primarily based in Indianapolis, IN, frame their lived experiences of death, dying, mourning, and bereavement in the wake of COVID-19 utilizing critical archival practices: those practices that take seriously the methods of critical race theory, critical gender theory, Womanist, mujerista, and feminist methodologies, to name a few. The COVID-19 archive is a collection of oral histories, stories and artifacts depicting the times in which we are living, through the lenses of storytellers grappling with the pandemics of systemic racism, COVID-19, distrust in government, and various relics representing the idea of the United States of America in 2020, as such, I conclude with a brief exploration of how art emerges as both an outlet for creators and a mode of illumination for consumers.